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Literature summary for 2.7.11.31 extracted from

  • McBride, A.; Hardie, D.G.
    AMP-activated protein kinase--a sensor of glycogen as well as AMP and ATP? (2009), Acta Physiol. (Oxf.), 196, 99-113.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside AICAR, activation of the alpha2 isoform of AMPK in response to treatment with the AMPK activator AICAR, is much greater in the glycogen-depleted state Rattus norvegicus
5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside AICAR, stimulates site 2 phosphorylation Mus musculus
additional information activation of the alpha2 isoform of AMPK in response to exercise in human muscle, is much greater in the glycogen-depleted state. In humans with McArdle's disease (glycogen storage disease V), the activation of AMPK-alpha2 in response to a moderate level of exercise (which is all these subjects can tolerate) is significantly higher than in the controls Homo sapiens
additional information overexpression of GDE in cells causes increased phosphorylation of the AMPK alpha subunit at Thr-172 and its consequent activation Mus musculus

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
AMPK alpha subunits (alpha1 and alpha2) tagged with green fluorescent protein at the N-terminus and co-expressed with beta and gamma subunits in CCL13 cells Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
additional information when glycogen becomes depleted, the glycogen-bound pool of AMPK becomes inhibited due to binding to alpha1-6-linked branch points exposed by the action of phosphorylase and/or debranching enzyme Homo sapiens

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens
-
-
-
Mus musculus
-
-
-
Rattus norvegicus
-
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
muscle
-
Mus musculus
-
muscle
-
Homo sapiens
-
muscle
-
Rattus norvegicus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
additional information AMPK phosphorylates site 2 on glycogen synthase in cell-free assays Homo sapiens ?
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
heterotrimer
-
Homo sapiens

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
AMP-activated protein kinase
-
Mus musculus
AMP-activated protein kinase
-
Homo sapiens
AMP-activated protein kinase
-
Rattus norvegicus
AMPK
-
Mus musculus
AMPK
-
Homo sapiens
AMPK
-
Rattus norvegicus

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
physiological function AMPK is responsible for phosphorylation of site 2 in vivo. Both basal and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR)-stimulated site 2 phosphorylation is greatly reduced in muscles of AMPK-alpha2 knockout mice Mus musculus
physiological function role of AMPK is that it monitors cellular energy status by sensing the relative cellular concentrations of AMP and ATP. The beta-subunits of AMPK contain a glycogen-binding domain, which is a regulatory domain that allows AMPK to act as a sensor of the status of cellular reserves of energy in the form of glycogen. The pool of AMPK that is bound to the glycogen particle is in an active state when glycogen particles are fully synthesized, causing phosphorylation of glycogen synthase at site 2 and providing a feedback inhibition of further extension of the outer chains of glycogen Homo sapiens