Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside | AICAR, activation of the alpha2 isoform of AMPK in response to treatment with the AMPK activator AICAR, is much greater in the glycogen-depleted state | Rattus norvegicus | |
5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside | AICAR, stimulates site 2 phosphorylation | Mus musculus | |
additional information | activation of the alpha2 isoform of AMPK in response to exercise in human muscle, is much greater in the glycogen-depleted state. In humans with McArdle's disease (glycogen storage disease V), the activation of AMPK-alpha2 in response to a moderate level of exercise (which is all these subjects can tolerate) is significantly higher than in the controls | Homo sapiens | |
additional information | overexpression of GDE in cells causes increased phosphorylation of the AMPK alpha subunit at Thr-172 and its consequent activation | Mus musculus |
Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
AMPK alpha subunits (alpha1 and alpha2) tagged with green fluorescent protein at the N-terminus and co-expressed with beta and gamma subunits in CCL13 cells | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | when glycogen becomes depleted, the glycogen-bound pool of AMPK becomes inhibited due to binding to alpha1-6-linked branch points exposed by the action of phosphorylase and/or debranching enzyme | Homo sapiens |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
muscle | - |
Mus musculus | - |
muscle | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
muscle | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | AMPK phosphorylates site 2 on glycogen synthase in cell-free assays | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
heterotrimer | - |
Homo sapiens |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
AMP-activated protein kinase | - |
Mus musculus |
AMP-activated protein kinase | - |
Homo sapiens |
AMP-activated protein kinase | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
AMPK | - |
Mus musculus |
AMPK | - |
Homo sapiens |
AMPK | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
physiological function | AMPK is responsible for phosphorylation of site 2 in vivo. Both basal and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR)-stimulated site 2 phosphorylation is greatly reduced in muscles of AMPK-alpha2 knockout mice | Mus musculus |
physiological function | role of AMPK is that it monitors cellular energy status by sensing the relative cellular concentrations of AMP and ATP. The beta-subunits of AMPK contain a glycogen-binding domain, which is a regulatory domain that allows AMPK to act as a sensor of the status of cellular reserves of energy in the form of glycogen. The pool of AMPK that is bound to the glycogen particle is in an active state when glycogen particles are fully synthesized, causing phosphorylation of glycogen synthase at site 2 and providing a feedback inhibition of further extension of the outer chains of glycogen | Homo sapiens |