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Literature summary for 2.6.1.27 extracted from

  • Guo, T.; Chen, K.; Dong, N.Q.; Ye, W.W.; Shan, J.X.; Lin, H.X.
    Tillering and small grain 1 dominates the tryptophan aminotransferase family required for local auxin biosynthesis in rice (2020), J. Integr. Plant Biol., 62, 581-600 .
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 2.6.1.27

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene TSG1 or FIB, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, genetic complementation is carried out in which a DNA fragment from the wild-type FAZ1 containing the putative promoter region, the entire ORF, and the 3'-untranslated region of TSG1 is introduced into the tsg1 mutant via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, all transgenic lines harboring the full-length TSG1 transgene display wild-type phenotype. Expression patterns of TSG1 are determined using quantitative real-time PCR and transgenic plants expressing GUS fusion protein driven by the TSG1 promoter Oryza sativa Indica Group

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information an auxin-defective mutant, tillering and small grain 1 (tsg1), displays an increased number of tillers but reduced panicle and grain size due to mutation of TSG1, which encodes a tryptophan aminotransferase. TSG1 is allelic to the previously identified FISH BONE (FIB) gene, loss-of-function which results in pleiotropic abnormal phenotypes. The TSG1 gene, an F2 population derived from a cross between the tsg1 mutant line and japonica rice variety Zhonghua-11 (ZH11), is obtained using the map-based cloning approach. The TSG1 locus is originally mapped to the long arm of chromosome 1 between marker loci G01856 and G011812 using 636 homozygous F2 plants then subsequently fine-mapped to a 26-kb region between marker loci G011422 and G011436, which contains two open reading frames (ORFs), LOC_Os01g07490 and LOC_Os01g07500. Knockout of TSG1 using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) genome editing in ZH11-produced plants reveal a phenotype similar to that of the natural tsg1 mutant. Phenotypes, overview Oryza sativa Indica Group

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
L-kynurenine a competitive inhibitor of aminotransferase Oryza sativa Indica Group

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
endoplasmic reticulum membrane
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group 5789
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-tryptophan + 2-oxoglutarate Oryza sativa Indica Group
-
 (indol-3-yl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 r

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Oryza sativa Indica Group
-
 var. Fengaizhan-1 (FAZ1)
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
internode
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
-
leaf
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
-
panicle
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
-
root
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
-
shoot
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-tryptophan + 2-oxoglutarate
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group (indol-3-yl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
 r

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
FIB
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
protein FIB
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
protein FISH BONE
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
TAR2
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
Trp-dependent aminotransferase
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
tryptophan aminotransferase
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group
TSG1
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Oryza sativa Indica Group

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution related enzymes TSG1 and OsTAR1, but not OsTARL1 and OsTARL2, display marked aminotransferase activity suggesting that OsTARL1 and OsTARL2 have lost their aminotransferase activity and play other roles, with only TSG1 and OsTAR1 functioning as aminotransferases during auxin biosynthesis in rice. Possible gene redundancy in the rice tryptophan aminotransferase family. The subcellular localization is identified as the endoplasmic reticulum, while phylogenetic analysis reveals functional divergence of TSG1 and OsTAR1 from OsTARL1 and OsTARL2. TSG1 dominates the tryptophan aminotransferase family, playing a prominent role in local auxin biosynthesis in rice Oryza sativa Indica Group
malfunction the rice tillering and small grain 1 (tsg1) mutant, which has more tillers but a smaller panicle and grain size resulting from a reduction in endogenous auxin. TSG1 encodes a tryptophan aminotransferase that is allelic to the FISH BONE (FIB) gene. The tsg1 mutant shows hypersensitivity to indole-3-acetic acid and the competitive inhibitor of aminotransferase, L-kynurenine. TSG1 knockout results in an increased tiller number but reduction in grain number and size, and decrease in height. Deletion of the TSG1 homologues OsTAR1 (UniProt ID Q0DKE8), OsTARL1, and OsTARL2 causes no obvious changes, although the phenotype of the TSG1/OsTAR1 double mutant is intensified and infertile, suggesting gene redundancy in the rice tryptophan aminotransferase family. In line with the role of TSG1 in regulating cell development, relative expression levels of cell cycle-related genes and genes encoding expansin proteins, which affect cell expansion, are significantly downregulated in spikelets of the tsg1 mutant Oryza sativa Indica Group
physiological function enzyme TSG1 dominates the tryptophan aminotransferase family, playing a prominent role in local auxin biosynthesis in rice, TSG1 thus affects auxin signaling and transport. Auxin is a crucial phytohormone, underlying multiple aspects of plant growth and development. TSG1 contributes to localized cell proliferation and cell expansion Oryza sativa Indica Group