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Literature summary for 2.6.1.13 extracted from
- Cloning and molecular characterization of Triticum aestivum ornithine amino transferase (TaOAT) encoding genes (2020), BMC Plant Biol., 20, 187 .
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene TaOAT-5AL, located on chromosome 5, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence alignment between genomic DNA and its corresponding cDNA obtains a total of ten exons and nine introns, the three genes have 87.68 and 87.18% identity at the gDNA and cDNA levels, respectively, genetic structure, and phylogenetic tree. Two transcript variants of TaOAT-5AL are revealed, named TaOAT-5AL-1 and TaOAT-5AL-2 and characterized by 1497 bp and 1287 bp in cDNA length, respectively. Compared to TaOAT-5AL-2, TaOAT-5AL-1 contains an additional 120-bp insertion encompassing an in-frame stop codon, which resulted in a premature protein. The additional insertion is genotypically confirmed by sequencing results from six cultivars. The TaOAT-5AL-1 gene transcript variant contains in-frame stop codon that causes the incomplete translation of protein. Recombinant overexpression of TaOAT-AL-2 in Triticum aestivum plants, recombinant expression of C-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Triticum aestivum plants in mitochondria, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis | Triticum aestivum |
| gene TaOAT-5BL, located on chromosome 5, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence alignment between genomic DNA and its corresponding cDNA obtains a total of ten exons and nine introns, the three genes have 87.68 and 87.18% identity at the gDNA and cDNA levels, respectively, genetic structure and phylogenetic tree, recombinant overexpression in Triticum aestivum plants, recombinant expression of C-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in triticum aestivum plants in mitochondria quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis | Triticum aestivum |
| gene TaOAT-5DL, located on chromosome 5, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence alignment between genomic DNA and its corresponding cDNA obtains a total of ten exons and nine introns, the three genes have 87.68 and 87.18% identity at the gDNA and cDNA levels, respectively, genetic structure and phylogenetic tree, recombinant overexpression in Triticum aestivum plants, recombinant expression of C-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in triticum aestivum plants in mitochondria, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis | Triticum aestivum |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mitochondrion | - |
Triticum aestivum | 5739 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-ornithine + a 2-oxo carboxylate | Triticum aestivum | - |
L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + an L-amino acid | - |
r |  |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Triticum aestivum | A0A3B6KM96 | - |
- |
| Triticum aestivum | A0A3B6LSQ4 | - |
- |
| Triticum aestivum | A0A3B6MXE9 | - |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| anther | low expression level | Triticum aestivum | - |
| carpel | very low expression level | Triticum aestivum | - |
| glume | moderate expression level | Triticum aestivum | - |
| leaf | moderate expression, relative expression of transcripts in leaves gradually upregulated until it peaks at heading stage and then decreases at grain filling stage | Triticum aestivum | - |
| additional information | analysis of expression profile of the wheat OAT genes in different tissues and developmental stages, overview. Expression at spike-developmental stages are strong at tipping, heading, and anthesis stages with the highest expression at the heading stage | Triticum aestivum | - |
| palea | very low expression level | Triticum aestivum | - |
| root | very low expression level | Triticum aestivum | - |
| seed | moderate expression level | Triticum aestivum | - |
| stamen | high expression level | Triticum aestivum | - |
| stem | moderate expression level | Triticum aestivum | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-ornithine + a 2-oxo carboxylate | - |
Triticum aestivum | L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + an L-amino acid | - |
r | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| deltaOAT | - |
Triticum aestivum |
| OAT | - |
Triticum aestivum |
| ornithine delta aminotransferase | - |
Triticum aestivum |
| TaOAT | - |
Triticum aestivum |
| TaOAT-5AL | - |
Triticum aestivum |
| TaOAT-5B | - |
Triticum aestivum |
| TaOAT-5BL | - |
Triticum aestivum |
| TaOAT-5DL | - |
Triticum aestivum |
| TaOAT-AL-2 | - |
Triticum aestivum |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| pyridoxal 5'-phosphate | PLP, dependent on | Triticum aestivum | |
Expression
| Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| Triticum aestivum | TaOAT is highly induced in the wheat plants exposed to drought or salt stress condition, through exogenous PEG and NaCl. Upregulated expression of TaOATs is observed in stamens and at the heading stage | up |
| Triticum aestivum | TaOAT is highly induced in the wheat plants exposed to drought or salt stress condition, through exogenous PEG and NaCl. Upregulated expression of TaOATs is observed in stamens and at the heading stage. TaOAT-5BL is greatly upregulated in the transgenic plants as compared to wild-type plants in response to salt stress condition | up |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | ornithine aminotransferase is a highly conserved enzyme present in all prokaryotes and eukaryotes, from unicellular bacteria to multicellular animals and plants. In Triticum aestivum, three homeologous OAT genes in wheat genome are found on chromosome group 5, named as TaOAT-5AL, TaOAT-5BL, and TaOAT-5DL. The phylogenetic tree indicates that OATs share highly conserved domains between monocotyledons and eudicotyledons | Triticum aestivum |
| evolution | ornithine aminotransferase is a highly conserved enzyme present in all prokaryotes and eukaryotes, from unicellular bacteria to multicellular animals and plants. In Triticum aestivum, three homeologous OAT genes in wheat genome are found on chromosome group 5, named as TaOAT-5AL, TaOAT-5BL, and TaOAT-5DL. Two transcript variants of TaOAT-5AL are revealed, named TaOAT-5AL-1 and TaOAT-5AL-2 and characterized by 1497 bp and 1287 bp in cDNA length, respectively. Compared to TaOAT-5AL-2, TaOAT-5AL-1 contains an additional 120-bp insertion encompassing an in-frame stop codon, which resulted in a premature protein. The additional insertion is genotypically confirmed by sequencing results from six cultivars. The phylogenetic tree indicates that OATs share highly conserved domains between monocotyledons and eudicotyledons | Triticum aestivum |
| malfunction | transgenic plants overexpressing TaOAT show enhanced tolerance to drought stress by increasing proline accumulation. In addition, salt tolerance of the transgenic plants is also enhanced | Triticum aestivum |
| malfunction | transgenic plants overexpressing TaOAT show enhanced tolerance to drought stress by increasing proline accumulation. In addition, salt tolerance of the transgenic plants is also enhanced. The TaOAT-5AL-1 gene transcript variant contains in-frame stop codon that causes the incomplete translation of protein | Triticum aestivum |
| metabolism | the PLP-dependent enzyme is involved in the interconversion of ornithine and glutamyl-5-semialdehyde (GSA) | Triticum aestivum |
| physiological function | the enzyme plays a role in proline biosynthesis through interactions with genes, such as delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR), involved in the proline metabolic pathway, protein-protein interactions analysis, overview. Promoter analysis exposes the presence of several stress responsive elements, implying their involvement in stress regulation. Potential role of TaOAT genes during floret development. TaOATs genes are involved in proline synthesis and nitrogen remobilization because they interact with genes related to proline biosynthesis enzymes and arginine catabolism. The high expression observed in the stamen and low expression observed at the anthesis stage suggest that TaOATs are likely to be involved in anther dehiscence | Triticum aestivum |
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