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Literature summary for 2.5.1.81 extracted from
- Arabidopsis thaliana isoprenyl diphosphate synthases produce the C25 intermediate geranylfarnesyl diphosphate (2015), Plant J., 84, 847-859.
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene AtIDS1, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, and recombinant enzyme expression in the loss-of-function AtIDS11 mutant ggpps11-4, which has an embryolethal phenotype due to the lack of GGDP. AtIDS1, a predominantly GFDP-producing enzyme that nonetheless forms a sizable amount of GGDP, complements the embryo-lethal phenotype of ggpps11-4. Transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gene AtIDS10, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gene AtIDS6, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gene AtIDS7, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gene AtIDS9, recombinant overexpression of GST-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21 and of N-terminally His6-tagged enzyme in Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0 under control of CaMV 35S promoter via Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 transfection method, and recombinant enzyme expression in the loss-of-function AtIDS11 mutant ggpps11-4, which has an embryolethal phenotype due to the lack of GGDP. Transient expression of N-terminally GFP-tagged enzyme in Nicotiana benthamiana | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| S175M | the mutated AtIDS7 enzyme produces mainly geranylgeranyl diphosphate and only small quantities of geranylfarnesyl diphosphate | Arabidopsis thaliana |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.011 | - |
isopentenyl diphosphate | pH 7.2, 30°C, recombinant enzyme | Arabidopsis thaliana |  |
| 0.014 | - |
geranylgeranyl diphosphate | pH 7.2, 30°C, recombinant enzyme | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chloroplast | plastoglobules | Arabidopsis thaliana | 9507 | - |
| mitochondrion | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 5739 | - |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mg2+ | required | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
(2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate | - |
? | |
| geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate | Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | - |
(2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate | - |
? | |
| additional information | Arabidopsis thaliana | the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29 | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Arabidopsis thaliana | the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29. The GFDP synthase is not part of a heterodimeric geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29 | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29. The GFDP synthase is not part of a heterodimeric geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
gene AtIDS10 | - |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
gene AtIDS9 | - |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Q9LIA0 | cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS9 | - |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Q9LUD9 | cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS7 | - |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Q9LUE1 | cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS6 | - |
| Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | - |
gene AtIDS10 | - |
| Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | - |
gene AtIDS9 | - |
| Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | Q9LIA0 | cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS9 | - |
| Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | Q9LUD9 | cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS7 | - |
| Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | Q9LUE1 | cf. EC 2.5.1.29; gene AtIDS6 | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| recombinant GST-tagged AtIDS1 from Escherichia coli strain BL21 by glutathione affinity chromatography | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| leaf | four of the GFDP synthases are targeted to the plastoglobules of the chloroplast and one is targeted to the mitochondria | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
| root | predominantly | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate | - |
? | |
| geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29 | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29. The GFDP synthase is not part of a heterodimeric geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29 | Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme also shows geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity, EC 2.5.1.29. The GFDP synthase is not part of a heterodimeric geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase | Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | ? | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| AtIDS1 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtIDS10 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtIDS6 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtIDS7 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtIDS9 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GFDP synthase | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| GFDP-forming enzyme | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | - |
assay at | Arabidopsis thaliana |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.2 | - |
assay at | Arabidopsis thaliana |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| malfunction | plants overexpressing gene AtIDS9 display a distinct growth phenotype in which young leaves have bleached patches that are not found on leaves of wild-type or AtIDS11 overexpressing lines | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| additional information | GFDP synthase activity is associated with specific amino acid residues of the first arginine-rich motif DDxxxxD | Arabidopsis thaliana |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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