Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
gene GGPPS11, constructs containing the GGPPS11 promoter and/or coding region are constructed and used for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and GGPPS11-defective mutant plants, mutant genotyping, overview. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of wild-type and mutant GGPPS11 enzyme expression | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | construction of several GGPPS11 homozygous transgenic lines containing each a single T-DNA insertion that inactivates gene GGPPS11, mutant genotyping, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
chloroplast | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 9507 | - |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | Arabidopsis thaliana | the GGPPS11 protein physically interacts with enzymes that use GGPP for the production of carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, phylloquinone, and plastoquinone | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | the GGPPS11 protein physically interacts with enzymes that use GGPP for the production of carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, phylloquinone, and plastoquinone | ? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Arabidopsis thaliana | P34802 | gene GGPPS11 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | P34802 | gene GGPPS11 | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | the GGPPS11 protein physically interacts with enzymes that use GGPP for the production of carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, phylloquinone, and plastoquinone | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the GGPPS11 protein physically interacts with enzymes that use GGPP for the production of carotenoids, chlorophylls, tocopherols, phylloquinone, and plastoquinone | Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | ? | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 11 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
GGPP synthase | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
GGPPS | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
GGPPS1 | UniProt | Arabidopsis thaliana |
GGPPS11 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | reduced GGPPS11 levels in the ggpps11-5 allele result in pale plants with smaller mesophyll chloroplasts. Levels of chlorophylls (a and b), carotenoids (beta-carotene, violaxanthin, neoxanthin, and lutein) and prenylquinones such as tocopherols (alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol), plastoquinones (plastochromanol-8 and plastoquinone-9) and phylloquinone are significantly reduced in ggpps11-5 seedlings, whereas complemented lines show a metabolite profile similar to that of wild-type controls, phenotype, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
metabolism | geranylgeranyl diphosphate is synthesized in different compartments by GGPP synthase (GGPPS) enzymes (the numbers refer to the Arabidopsis thaliana isoforms). Some of the enzymes channel geranylgeranyl diphosphate to specific isoprenoid pathways, isoprenoid biosynthesis in plant cell compartments, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
physiological function | gene GGPPS11, encoding the only plastid isozyme essential for plant development, functions as a hub gene among GGPPS paralogues and is required for the production of all major groups of plastid isoprenoids. Both gene co-expression and protein-protein interaction likely contribute to the channeling of geranylgeranyl diphosphate by GGPPS11. Metabolite analysis confirms the essential role of GGPPS11 in plastid isoprenoid metabolism. Isozyme GGPPS11 interacts with plastid enzymes that use geranylgeranyl diphosphate as substrate | Arabidopsis thaliana |