Literature summary for 2.5.1.29 extracted from

Wang, C.W.; Oh, M.K.; Liao, J.C.
Engineered isoprenoid pathway enhances astaxanthin production in Escherichia coli (1999), Biotechnol. Bioeng., 62, 235-241.

Application

Application	Comment	Organism
biotechnology	reconstruction of the isoprenoid pathway in Escherichia coli. To engineer a host that has the capability to supply geranylgeranyl diphosphate, a common precursor of isoprenoids, isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (encoded by idi) from Escherichia coli and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (encoded by gps) from Archaeoglobus fulgidus are cloned and overexpressed. The latter is shown to be a multifunctional enzyme converting dimethylallyl diphosphate to geranylgeranyl diphosphate. These two genes and the gene cluster (crtBIYZW) of the marine bacterium Agrobacterium aurantiacum are introduced into Escherichia coli to produce astaxanthin, an orange pigment and antioxidant. The metabolically engineered strain produces astaxanthin at a very high rate	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
synthesis	to engineer a host that has the capability to supply geranylgeranyl diphosphate, a common precursor of isoprenoids, isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (encoded by idi) from Escherichia coli and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (encoded by gps) from Archaeoglobus fulgidus are cloned and overexpressed. The latter is shown to be a multifunctional enzyme converting dimethylallyl diphosphate to geranylgeranyl diphosphate. These two genes and the gene cluster (crtBIYZW) of the marine bacterium Agrobacterium aurantiacum are introduced into Escherichia coli to produce astaxanthin, an orange pigment and antioxidant. The metabolically engineered strain produces astaxanthin at a very high rate	Archaeoglobus fulgidus

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
to engineer a host that has the capability to supply geranylgeranyl diphosphate, a common precursor of isoprenoids, isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (encoded by idi) from Escherichia coli and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (encoded by gps) from Archaeoglobus fulgidus are cloned and overexpressed. The latter was shown to be a multifunctional enzyme converting dimethylallyl diphosphate to geranylgeranyl diphosphate. These two genes and the gene cluster (crtBIYZW) of the marine bacterium Agrobacterium aurantiacum are introduced into Escherichia coli to produce astaxanthin, an orange pigment and antioxidant. The metabolically engineered strain produces astaxanthin at a very high rate	Archaeoglobus fulgidus

Cloned (Comment)

Organism

to engineer a host that has the capability to supply geranylgeranyl diphosphate, a common precursor of isoprenoids, isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (encoded by idi) from Escherichia coli and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (encoded by gps) from Archaeoglobus fulgidus are cloned and overexpressed. The latter was shown to be a multifunctional enzyme converting dimethylallyl diphosphate to geranylgeranyl diphosphate. These two genes and the gene cluster (crtBIYZW) of the marine bacterium Agrobacterium aurantiacum are introduced into Escherichia coli to produce astaxanthin, an orange pigment and antioxidant. The metabolically engineered strain produces astaxanthin at a very high rate

Archaeoglobus fulgidus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate	Archaeoglobus fulgidus	-	geranylgeranyl diphosphate + diphosphate	-	?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 3 isopentenyl diphosphate	Archaeoglobus fulgidus	-	geranylgeranyl diphosphate + diphosphate	-	?
geranyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate	Archaeoglobus fulgidus	-	geranylgeranyl diphosphate + diphosphate	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Archaeoglobus fulgidus	Q9V305	-	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate	-	Archaeoglobus fulgidus	geranylgeranyl diphosphate + diphosphate	-	?
dimethylallyl diphosphate + 3 isopentenyl diphosphate	-	Archaeoglobus fulgidus	geranylgeranyl diphosphate + diphosphate	-	?
geranyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate	-	Archaeoglobus fulgidus	geranylgeranyl diphosphate + diphosphate	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
GGPP synthase	-	Archaeoglobus fulgidus
gps	-	Archaeoglobus fulgidus

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C]	Temperature Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
37	-	the enzyme maintains significant activity at 37°C	Archaeoglobus fulgidus