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Literature summary for 2.5.1.10 extracted from

  • Lee, J.S.; Pan, J.J.; Ramamoorthy, G.; Poulter, C.D.
    Structure-function studies of Artemisia tridentata farnesyl diphosphate synthase and chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase by site-directed mutagenesis and morphogenesis (2017), J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 14556-14567 .
    View publication on PubMed
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Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information Artemisia tridentata ssp. spiciformis farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPase) and chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase (CPPase) are closely related proteins. Farnesyl diphosphate synthase catalyzes the chain elongation of dimethylallyl diphosphate to farnesyl diphosphate by sequential addition of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate, while chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase catalyzes chain elongation of dimethylallyl diphosphate to geranyl diphosphate along with condensation of two molecules of dimethylallyl diphosphate to give irregular isoprenoid carbon skeletons with cyclopropane, branched, and cyclobutane structures. Stepwise replacement of the helices and loops surrounding the active site of farnesyl diphosphate synthase by the corresponding regions from chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase results in the gradual metamorphosis of the selective efficient chain elongation enzyme to a promiscuous relative that inefficiently catalyzes chain elongation and cyclopropanation/branching/cyclobutanation reactions. The initial replacements shift the preference for synthesis of farnesyl diphosphate to geranyl diphosphate, accompanied by a moderate loss in catalytic efficiency. Formation of irregular products only becomes competitive with chain elongation upon replacement of helix VIII Artemisia spiciformis

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate Artemisia spiciformis the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate, reaction of EC 2.5.1.1 diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
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geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate Artemisia spiciformis the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
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Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Artemisia spiciformis Q7XYS9
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Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate, reaction of EC 2.5.1.1 Artemisia spiciformis diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate
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geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of isopentenyl diphosphate with dimethylallyl diphosphate to generate the C15 product (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate Artemisia spiciformis diphosphate + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
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Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
FPPase
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 Artemisia spiciformis