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Literature summary for 2.4.1.212 extracted from

  • Vigetti, D.; Clerici, M.; Deleonibus, S.; Karousou, E.; Viola, M.; Moretto, P.; Heldin, P.; Hascall, V.C.; De Luca, G.; Passi, A.
    Hyaluronan synthesis is inhibited by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase through the regulation of HAS2 activity in human aortic smooth muscle cells (2011), J. Biol. Chem., 286, 7917-7924.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
Search for more literature for 2.4.1.212

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
expression of wild-type FLAG-tagged human HAS1, HAS2, or HAS3, and of HAS T110A mutant enzyme in COS-7 cells Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
T110A site-directed mutagenesis of the phosphorylation site residue, the mutant is not inhibited by AMP-activated protein kinase Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
2-deoxyglucose
-
 Homo sapiens
5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside modulates aortic smooth muscle cell motility and adhesive properties through AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK Homo sapiens
metformin modulates aortic smooth muscle cell motility and adhesive properties through AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK Homo sapiens
additional information AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK, phosphorylates HAS2 at Thr110, which inhibits its enzymatic activity, and is itself inhibit by Compound C. Isoenzymes HAS1 and HAS3 are not modified by the kinase Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
membrane
-
 Homo sapiens 16020
-
microsome
-
 Homo sapiens
-
-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ required Homo sapiens

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens Q92819
-
-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
phosphoprotein AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK, phosphorylates HAS2 at Thr110, which inhibits its enzymatic activity. Isoenzymes HAS1 and HAS3 are not modified by the kinase Homo sapiens

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
aortic smooth muscle cell
-
 Homo sapiens
-

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
Has2
-
 Homo sapiens

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.4
-
 assay at Homo sapiens

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction reduction of HA due to decreased HAS activity, caused by phosphorylation at Thr110 through AMP-activated protein kinase, decreases the ability of aortic smooth muscle cells to proliferate, migrate, and recruit immune cells, thereby reducing the pro-atherosclerotic AoSMC phenotype. AMP-activated protein kinase can block the pro-atherosclerotic signals driven by HA by interaction with its receptors Homo sapiens
physiological function hyaluronan synthesis is inhibited by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase through the regulation of HAS2 activity in human aortic smooth muscle cells Homo sapiens