Any feedback?
Literature summary for 2.4.1.123 extracted from
- Genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analyses of the galactinol synthase gene family in rapeseed and tobacco (2017), Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18, 2768 .
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| identification of 20 BnGolS genes, DNA and amino acid sequence determinations and analysis, genotyping and phylogenetic analysis, genetic structure and chromosomal location, overview | Brassica napus |
| identification of 9 NtGolS genes, DNA and amino acid sequence determinations and analysis, genotyping and phylogenetic analysis, genetic structure and chromosomal location, overview | Nicotiana tabacum |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytoplasm | - |
Brassica napus | 5737 | - |
| cytoplasm | all isozymes locate to the cytoplasm | Nicotiana tabacum | 5737 | - |
| mitochondrion | isozyme BnGolS3-2 | Brassica napus | 5739 | - |
| additional information | no transmembrane transport and signal peptide sequences are identified in the GolS enzyme sequences | Nicotiana tabacum | - |
- |
| additional information | no transmembrane transport and signal peptide sequences are identified in the GolS enzyme sequences. All isozymes locate to the cytoplasm, only BnGolS3-2 localizes to mitochondria | Brassica napus | - |
- |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mn2+ | required, Asp125, Asp127, His263 and Cys265 are involved in Mn2+ binding | Brassica napus |  |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UDP-alpha-D-galactose + myo-inositol | Brassica napus | - |
UDP + O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol | - |
? | |
| UDP-alpha-D-galactose + myo-inositol | Nicotiana tabacum | - |
UDP + O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brassica napus | B6ZBV9 | 20 genes, BnGolS1-1 to BnGolS7-2 | - |
| Nicotiana tabacum | A0A0R4WFX4 | 9 genes, NtGolS1-1 to NtGolS 2-6 | - |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| flower | mature and senescent | Nicotiana tabacum | - |
| fruit capsule | dry capsules | Nicotiana tabacum | - |
| hypocotyl | BnGolS1 members | Brassica napus | - |
| leaf | mature, high expression of BnGolS3 members | Brassica napus | - |
| additional information | tissue-specific and hormone-induced expression patterns of BnGolS. BnGolS6 and BnGolS7 members are not expressed in most tissues and were only weakly expressed in specific tissues during a specific development stage | Brassica napus | - |
| additional information | tissue-specific and hormone-induced expression patterns of NtGolS. NtGolS2-2, NtGolS2-3 and all of the NtGolS1 members display constitutive expression in all tissues tested. NtGolS1-1 and NtGolS1-2 are highly expressed in stems and dry capsules, while NtGolS1-3 is highly expressed in mature flowers and senescent flowers. NtGolS2-2, NtGolS2-3, NtGolS2-4 and NtGolS2-6 display high expression in dry capsules, while NtGolS2-1 and NtGolS2-5 have no detectable expression | Nicotiana tabacum | - |
| pericarp | strong expression of BnGolS2 and BnGolS3 members 40 days after flowering | Brassica napus | - |
| root | BnGolS4-1 | Brassica napus | - |
| seed | high expression of BnGolS1-1 and BnGolS1-3 40 days after flowering, BnGolS6-4 is weakly expressed 10 days after flowering, and BnGolS7-2 is weakly expressed 30 and 40 days after flowering | Brassica napus | - |
| seedling | - |
Brassica napus | - |
| seedling | - |
Nicotiana tabacum | - |
| silique | strong expression of BnGolS2 and BnGolS3 members 40 days after flowering | Brassica napus | - |
| stem | - |
Nicotiana tabacum | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UDP-alpha-D-galactose + myo-inositol | - |
Brassica napus | UDP + O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol | - |
? | |
| UDP-alpha-D-galactose + myo-inositol | - |
Nicotiana tabacum | UDP + O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| ? | x * 13740-39260, sequence calculations, overview | Brassica napus |
| ? | x * 25260-41400, sequence calculations, overview | Nicotiana tabacum |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| galactinol synthase | - |
Brassica napus |
| galactinol synthase | - |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| GOLS | - |
Brassica napus |
| GOLS | - |
Nicotiana tabacum |
| GolS1 | - |
Brassica napus |
| GolS1 | - |
Nicotiana tabacum |
pI Value
| Organism | Comment | pI Value Maximum | pI Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brassica napus | sequence calculations, overview | 7.03 | 4.69 |
| Nicotiana tabacum | sequence calculations, overview | 7.03 | 5.18 |
Expression
| Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| Nicotiana tabacum | galactinol synthase (GolS) accumulates in plants exposed to abiotic stresses | up |
| Brassica napus | galactinol synthase (GolS) accumulates in plants exposed to abiotic stresses. Induction by brassinosteroid, salicylic acid, alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid, 6-benzyladenine, abscisic acid, and methyl jasmonate treatments. Six hormone inducible marker genes all show upregulation in response to corresponding hormone treatments, the isozymes are induced by one or more of the hormones, overview | up |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | phylogenetic relationship among GolS proteins in plants, and evolutionary relationships and biological functions of GolS family in rapeseed (Brassica napus) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), further evolutionary relationships among GolS members in Brassicaceae and Solanaceae species, overview. Evaluation of predicted three-dimensional structures of representative GolS members from Brassica napus and Nicotiana tabacum. Spatio-temporal and hormone response expression patterns of these GolS genes. Comparison of the genes with the genes from Arabidopsis thaliana. Genotyping. Conserved motifs of GolS proteins | Brassica napus |
| evolution | phylogenetic relationship among GolS proteins in plants, and evolutionary relationships and biological functions of GolS family in rapeseed (Brassica napus) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), further evolutionary relationships among GolS members in Brassicaceae and Solanaceae species, overview. Evaluation of predicted three-dimensional structures of representative GolS members from Brassica napus and Nicotiana tabacum. Spatio-temporal and hormone response expression patterns of these GolS genes. Comparison of the genes with the genes from Arabidopsis thaliana. Genotyping. Conserved motifs of GolS proteins | Nicotiana tabacum |
| metabolism | galactinol synthase (GolS) is a key enzyme in raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO) biosynthesis | Brassica napus |
| metabolism | galactinol synthase (GolS) is a key enzyme in raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO) biosynthesis | Nicotiana tabacum |
| additional information | three-dimensional structure prediction and homology modeling for BnGolS, overview. in BnGolS1-2, two Asp residues play a key role in the binding of the ligands in UDP-galactose and inositol, the crucial inositol-binding residues are Phe33, Try40, Ile105, Asp125 and Asp127, while the important UDP-galactose binding residues are Phe33, Try40, Ile105, Lys109, Try123, Asp125, Asp127, Try163, Ile165, Gln222, and Lys270. The Lys270 residue involved in UDP-galactose binding is part of the HxxGxxKPW motif. The conserved DxD motif plays a crucial role in the binding of micro-molecules in the galactinol catalytic pocket, whereas the HxxGxxKPW motif generally participates in macro-molecular binding. Docking of ligands onto the modeled BnGolS1-2 protein structure | Brassica napus |
| additional information | three-dimensional structure prediction and homology modeling for NtGolS, overview | Nicotiana tabacum |
| physiological function | galactinol synthase (GolS) accumulates in plants exposed to abiotic stresses indicates RFOs function in environmental adaptation | Brassica napus |
| physiological function | galactinol synthase (GolS) accumulates in plants exposed to abiotic stresses indicates RFOs function in environmental adaptation | Nicotiana tabacum |
Use of this online version of BRENDA is free under the CC BY 4.0 license. See terms of use for full details.
Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
Legal
Curated at
Member of
