synthesis |
production of curcuminoids using an engineered artificial pathway in Escherichia coli. Expression of Arabidopsis thaliana 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase and Curcuma longa diketide-CoA synthase (DCS) and curcumin synthase (CURS1) leads to synthesis of 70 mg/l of curcumin from ferulic acid. Bisdemethoxycurcumin and demethoxycurcumin are produced, but in lower concentrations, by feeding 4-coumaric acid or a mixture of 4-coumaric acid and ferulic acid, respectively. To produce caffeic acid, tyrosine ammonia lyase from Rhodotorula glutinis and 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase from Saccharothrix espanaensis are used. Caffeoyl-CoA 3-O-methyltransferase from Medicago sativa converts caffeoyl-CoA to feruloyl-CoA. Using caffeic acid, 4-coumaric acid or tyrosine as a substrate, 3.9, 0.3, and 0.2 mg/l of curcumin are produced, respectively |
Curcuma longa |