Literature summary for 2.3.1.21 extracted from

Gandour, R.D.; Colucci, W.J.; Stelly, T.C.; Brady, P.S.; Brady, L.J.
Hemipalmitoylcarnitinium, a strong competitive inhibitor of purified hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase (1988), Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 267, 515-520.

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Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism	Structure
Hemipalmitoylcarnitinium bromide	competitve to palmitoyl-carnitine in the reverse reaction; i.e. HPC, 2S,6R:2R,6S-6-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxy-2-pentadecyl-4,4-dimethylmorpholinium bromide	Rattus norvegicus
L-palmitoylcarnitine	competitive product inhibition	Rattus norvegicus
additional information	no inhibition by choline, hemiacetylcarnitinium	Rattus norvegicus
palmitoylcarnitine	-	Rattus norvegicus
Palmitoylcholine	competitive in the forward reaction to both substrates	Rattus norvegicus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
acyl-CoA + L-carnitine	Rattus norvegicus	-	CoA + L-acylcarnitine	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Rattus norvegicus	-	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
liver	-	Rattus norvegicus	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
acyl-CoA + L-carnitine	-	Rattus norvegicus	CoA + L-acylcarnitine	-	?
palmitoyl-CoA + L-carnitine	-	Rattus norvegicus	CoA + L-palmitoylcarnitine	-	r

Ki Value [mM]

Ki Value [mM]	Ki Value maximum [mM]	Inhibitor	Comment	Organism	Structure
0.0016	-	Hemipalmitoylcarnitinium bromide	with palmitoyl-carnitine, reverse reaction	Rattus norvegicus
0.0051	-	Hemipalmitoylcarnitinium bromide	with carnitine, forward reaction	Rattus norvegicus
0.009	-	palmitoylcarnitine	versus palmitoyl-CoA	Rattus norvegicus
0.0104	-	Palmitoylcholine	versus palmitoyl-CoA	Rattus norvegicus
0.014	-	palmitoylcarnitine	versus carnitine	Rattus norvegicus
0.019	-	Palmitoylcholine	versus carnitine	Rattus norvegicus
0.0215	-	Hemipalmitoylcarnitinium bromide	with palmitoyl-CoA, forward reaction	Rattus norvegicus

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)