Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
gene penDE, lack of correlation between the protein and transcript levels of the IAT enzyme, quantitative real-time PCR expression analysis and gene copy number determination, overexpression of penDE in Penicillium chrysogenum strains DS47274, DS47273, and DS17690, introduction of penDE gene without introns into these strains in a random manner, via the nonhomologous end-joining pathway. Cooverexpression of penDE with gene phl, encoding the phenylacetic acid CoA ligase leading to production of phenoxyacetyl-CoA and penicillin V | Penicillium chrysogenum |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | in high-yielding penicillin production strains IAT is the limiting factor and that this limitation can be alleviated by a balanced overproduction of this enzyme. Cooverexpression of penDE with gene phl, encoding the phenylacetic acid CoA ligase leading to production of phenoxyacetyl-CoA and penicillin V | Penicillium chrysogenum |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
phenylacetyl-CoA + isopenicillin N + H2O | Penicillium chrysogenum | - |
CoA + penicillin G + L-2-aminohexanedioate | - |
? | |
phenylacetyl-CoA + isopenicillin N + H2O | Penicillium chrysogenum DS17690 | - |
CoA + penicillin G + L-2-aminohexanedioate | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Penicillium chrysogenum | - |
gene penDE | - |
Penicillium chrysogenum DS17690 | - |
gene penDE | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | the protein level of IAT already saturates at low cluster copy numbers, lack of correlation between the protein and transcript levels of the IAT enzyme | Penicillium chrysogenum | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
phenoxyacetyl-CoA + isopenicillin N + H2O | - |
Penicillium chrysogenum | CoA + penicillin V + L-2-aminohexanedioate | - |
? | |
phenoxyacetyl-CoA + isopenicillin N + H2O | - |
Penicillium chrysogenum DS17690 | CoA + penicillin V + L-2-aminohexanedioate | - |
? | |
phenylacetyl-CoA + isopenicillin N + H2O | - |
Penicillium chrysogenum | CoA + penicillin G + L-2-aminohexanedioate | - |
? | |
phenylacetyl-CoA + isopenicillin N + H2O | - |
Penicillium chrysogenum DS17690 | CoA + penicillin G + L-2-aminohexanedioate | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
IAT | - |
Penicillium chrysogenum |
isopenicillin N acyltransferase | - |
Penicillium chrysogenum |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | penicillin production in high-yielding strains can be further improved by the overexpression of IAT while at very high levels of IAT the precursor 6-aminopenicillic acid accumulates | Penicillium chrysogenum |
physiological function | IAT catalyzes a limiting step in high-yielding penicillin production strains | Penicillium chrysogenum |