Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
mitochondrion | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 5739 | - |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
leaf | mesophyll | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
additional information | cellular distribution of SHM1 and SHM2, detailed overview | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
root | dominance of the SHM2 over SHM1 transcripts in roots | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
vascular tissue | protoxylem and/or adjacent cells, SHM1 and SHM2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
serine hydroxymethyltransferase | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
SHM1 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
SHM2 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | a shm1 null mutant requires CO2-enriched air to inhibit photorespiration, while a shm2 null mutant does not show any visible impairment, a double-null mutant cannot survive in CO2-enriched air. Residual SHM activity is undetectably low in purified leaf mesophyll mitochondria of the shm1 mutant. In roots, the knockout of SHM1 does not reduce total SHM activity, whereas the knockout of SHM2 significantly lowers total SHM activity | Arabidopsis thaliana |
additional information | kinetic properties of SHM2 might render this enzyme unsuitable for the high-folate conditions of photorespiring mesophyll mitochondria | Arabidopsis thaliana |
physiological function | serine hydroxymethyltransferases are important enzymes of cellular one-carbon metabolism and are essential for the photorespiratory glycine-into-serine conversion in leaf mesophyll mitochondria. SHM1 is the photorespiratory isozyme. Due to exclusion of SHM2 from the photorespiratory environment of mesophyll mitochondria, SHM2 cannot substitute for SHM1 in photorespiratory metabolism. SHM1 and SHM2 operate in a redundant manner in one-carbon metabolism of nonphotorespiring cells with a high demand of one-carbon units, e.g. during lignification of vascular cells, detailed overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |