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Literature summary for 2.1.1.4 extracted from
- Melatonin synthesis in rice seedlings in vivo is enhanced at high temperatures and under dark conditions due to increased serotonin N-acetyltransferase and N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase activities (2014), J. Pineal Res., 56, 189-195.
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytoplasm | - |
Oryza sativa | 5737 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin | Oryza sativa | - |
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin | - |
? |  |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oryza sativa | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| leaf | - |
Oryza sativa | - |
| additional information | temperature- and light-dependent enzyme activity and melatonin biosynthesis in rice plants, overview. The enzyme activity is increased at higher Temperature of 55°C and at darkness | Oryza sativa | - |
| seedling | - |
Oryza sativa | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin | - |
Oryza sativa | S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| ASMT | - |
Oryza sativa |
| ASMT1 | - |
Oryza sativa |
| N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase | - |
Oryza sativa |
| N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase1 | - |
Oryza sativa |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 45 | - |
recombinant enzyme | Oryza sativa |
Temperature Range [°C]
| Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
enzyme-associated melatonin levels increase as temperature increases, without effect on enzyme-encoding gene transcript levels. The melatonin levels in rice plants a 45°C and 55°C are 26% and 54% higher than that at 25°C, showing a peak level at 55°C | Oryza sativa |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| S-adenosyl-L-methionine | - |
Oryza sativa | |
Expression
| Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| Oryza sativa | enzyme-associated melatonin levels increase as temperature increases when rice seedlings are exposed to various temperatures for 1 hr, but temperature-dependent increase in melatonin synthesis is only closely associated with an increase in both SNAT and ASMT activities, but not with transcript levels of melatonin biosynthetic genes. The relative melatonin levels are higher in the dark, exposure of rice seedlings to 1 hr darkness at 55°C results in a melatonin yield of 4.9 ng/g fresh weight, compared with 2.95 ng/g fresh weight under light conditions | up |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| metabolism | the final two enzymes in the melatonin synthesis pathway in plants are serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) and N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT), which have thermophilic characteristics | Oryza sativa |
| additional information | the daily melatonin levels in field-grown rice plants are unaffected as the positive effect of the relatively high temperature during the day is counteracted by the negative effect of the high light. The opposite effect occurs during the night, in which the positive effect of darkness on melatonin synthesis is counteracted by the negative effect of a low temperature | Oryza sativa |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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