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Literature summary for 1.8.1.7 extracted from
- Passive regeneration of glutathione Glutathione reductase regulation from the freeze-tolerant North American wood frog, Rana sylvatica (2017), J. Exp. Biol., 220, 3162-3171 .
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ca2+ | - |
Lithobates sylvaticus |  |
| Mn2+ | - |
Lithobates sylvaticus | |
| additional information | K+ and Mg2+ are not inhibitory up to 10 mM | Lithobates sylvaticus |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.027 | - |
glutathione disulfide | enzyme from unfrozen state, presence of glucose, pH 7.2, 25°C | Lithobates sylvaticus | |
| 0.031 | - |
glutathione disulfide | enzyme from unfrozen state, presence of urea plus glucose, pH 7.2, 25°C | Lithobates sylvaticus | |
| 0.048 | - |
glutathione disulfide | enzyme from frozen state, pH 7.2, 25°C | Lithobates sylvaticus | |
| 0.054 | - |
glutathione disulfide | enzyme from unfrozen state, pH 7.2, 25°C | Lithobates sylvaticus | |
| 0.085 | - |
glutathione disulfide | enzyme from unfrozen state, presence of urea, pH 7.2, 25°C | Lithobates sylvaticus | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lithobates sylvaticus | - |
- |
- |
Posttranslational Modification
| Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| phosphoprotein | - |
Lithobates sylvaticus |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
- |
Lithobates sylvaticus |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| muscle | - |
Lithobates sylvaticus | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 124.7 | - |
pH 7.2, 25°C | Lithobates sylvaticus |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| glutathione disulfide + NADPH + H+ | - |
Lithobates sylvaticus | 2 glutathione + NADP+ | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| ? | x * 50000, SDS-PAGE | Lithobates sylvaticus |
Temperature Stability [°C]
| Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 63.8 | - |
melting temperature, enzyme isolated from frozen muscle | Lithobates sylvaticus |
| 64.7 | - |
melting temperature, enzyme isolated from unfrozen muscle | Lithobates sylvaticus |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NADPH | - |
Lithobates sylvaticus | |
IC50 Value
| IC50 Value | IC50 Value Maximum | Comment | Organism | Inhibitor | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.44 | - |
enzyme from unfrozen state, pH 7.2, 25°C | Lithobates sylvaticus | Mn2+ | |
| 5.12 | - |
enzyme from unfrozen state, pH 7.2, 25°C | Lithobates sylvaticus | Ca2+ | |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| physiological function | no observable differences in the kinetic and structural properties of glutathione reductase between the frozen winter state and the unfrozen state. Increased glutathione recycling may result due to passive regulation of glutathione reductase by rising levels of glucose during freezing | Lithobates sylvaticus |
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