Literature summary for 1.8.1.15 extracted from

Si, M.; Zhao, C.; Zhang, B.; Wei, D.; Chen, K.; Yang, X.; Xiao, H.; Shen, X.
Overexpression of mycothiol disulfide reductase enhances Corynebacterium glutamicum robustness by modulating cellular redox homeostasis and antioxidant proteins under oxidative stress (2016), Sci. Rep., 6, 29491 .

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Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
overexpression of His6-tagged enzyme from expression vector pXMJ19 in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Transfected cells show increased tolerance to reactive oxygen species induced by oxidants, bactericidal antibiotics, alkylating agents, and heavy metals	Corynebacterium glutamicum

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	overexpression of mycothiol disulfide reductase enhances Corynebacterium glutamicum robustness by modulating cellular redox homeostasis and antioxidant proteins under oxidative stress. Overexpression of Mtr causes a marked increase in the ratio of reduced to oxidized mycothiol (MSH:MSSM), and significantly enhances the activities of a variety of antioxidant enzymes, including mycothiol peroxidase (MPx), mycoredoxin 1 (Mrx1), thioredoxin 1 (Trx1), and methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA). The mycothione levels of enzyme expressing cells are lower than those of untransfectde cells under H2O2, ciprofloxacin, CdCl2, N-ethylmaleimide, iodoacetamide, methylglyoxal, and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene stresses, no significant difference in MSH or MSSM levels when both cells are exposed to formaldehyde and rifamycin SV	Corynebacterium glutamicum

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
mycothione + NADPH + H+	Corynebacterium glutamicum	-	2 mycothiol + NADP+	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Corynebacterium glutamicum	-	-	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
mycothione + NADPH + H+	-	Corynebacterium glutamicum	2 mycothiol + NADP+	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
mycothiol disulfide reductase	-	Corynebacterium glutamicum

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
NADPH	dependent on	Corynebacterium glutamicum

Expression

Organism	Comment	Expression
Corynebacterium glutamicum	enzyme expression is positively regulated by SigH, the stress-responsive extracytoplasmic function-sigma (ECF-sigma) factor	up

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
metabolism	cellular mycothiol metabolism, overview. Under stress conditions, proteins are oxidized to mixed disulfides with MSH to form S-mycothiolated proteins that is reversed by the Mrx1/Mtr/MSH pathway	Corynebacterium glutamicum
physiological function	the enzyme maintains intracellular redox homeostasis. The physiological roles of Mtr in resistance to oxidative stresses are corroborated by decreased reactive oxygen species levels, reduced carbonylation damage, decreased loss of reduced protein thiols, and a massive increase in the levels of reversible protein thiols in Mtr-overexpressing cells exposed to stressful conditions	Corynebacterium glutamicum

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)