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Literature summary for 1.5.1.43 extracted from

  • Wang, Y.; Kim, S.H.; Natarajan, R.; Heindl, J.E.; Bruger, E.L.; Waters, C.M.; Michael, A.J.; Fuqua, C.
    Spermidine inversely influences surface interactions and planktonic growth in Agrobacterium tumefaciens (2016), J. Bacteriol., 198, 2682-2691 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
Search for more literature for 1.5.1.43

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene Atu4170, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis of wild-type enzyme mutant genes and enzymes, respectively Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information transposon mutagenesis of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58 to knockdown enzyme CASDH performed with the mariner minitransposon Himar1, phenotype, overview. In-frame CASDH and CASDC gene deletion mutants have severe growth defects in minimal medium but are rescued in this respect by exogenous addition of exogenous polyamines that supply the 1,3-diaminopropane group, including spermidine. The severe growth defect of the CASDH and CASDC mutants also manifested itself as a severe biofilm deficiency Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + propane-1,3-diamine + NADPH + H+ Agrobacterium tumefaciens
-
 carboxynorspermidine + H2O + NADP+ ? ?
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + propane-1,3-diamine + NADPH + H+ Agrobacterium fabrum the enzyme is involved in polyamine biosynthesis pathway carboxynorspermidine + H2O + NADP+
-
 ?
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + propane-1,3-diamine + NADPH + H+ Agrobacterium fabrum C58 the enzyme is involved in polyamine biosynthesis pathway carboxynorspermidine + H2O + NADP+
-
 ?
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + putrescine + NADPH + H+ Agrobacterium tumefaciens
-
 carboxyspermidine + H2O + NADP+ ? ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Agrobacterium fabrum A9CG66
-
-
Agrobacterium fabrum C58 A9CG66
-
-
Agrobacterium tumefaciens A9CG66
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + propane-1,3-diamine + NADPH + H+
-
 Agrobacterium fabrum carboxynorspermidine + H2O + NADP+
-
 ?
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + propane-1,3-diamine + NADPH + H+
-
 Agrobacterium tumefaciens carboxynorspermidine + H2O + NADP+ ? ?
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + propane-1,3-diamine + NADPH + H+ the enzyme is involved in polyamine biosynthesis pathway Agrobacterium fabrum carboxynorspermidine + H2O + NADP+
-
 ?
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + propane-1,3-diamine + NADPH + H+
-
 Agrobacterium fabrum C58 carboxynorspermidine + H2O + NADP+
-
 ?
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + propane-1,3-diamine + NADPH + H+ the enzyme is involved in polyamine biosynthesis pathway Agrobacterium fabrum C58 carboxynorspermidine + H2O + NADP+
-
 ?
L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + putrescine + NADPH + H+
-
 Agrobacterium tumefaciens carboxyspermidine + H2O + NADP+ ? ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
Atu4170
-
 Agrobacterium tumefaciens
carboxyspermidine dehydrogenase
-
 Agrobacterium tumefaciens
CASDH
-
 Agrobacterium tumefaciens
CASDH
-
 Agrobacterium fabrum

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NADPH
-
 Agrobacterium tumefaciens

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction accumulation of the precursor putrescine in the CASDH mutant The mutant accumulates homospermidine, which requires a homospermidine synthase (hss) homologue. Agrobacterium tumefaciens mutants with diminished levels of the polyamine spermidine are stimulated for biofilm formation, and exogenous provision of spermidine decreases biofilm formation. Spermidine is also essential for Agrobacterium tumefaciens growth, but the related polyamine norspermidine exogenously rescues growth and does not diminish biofilm formation, the growth requirement and biofilm control are separable. Exogenous spermidine and norspermidine restore prototrophic growth for CASDH and CASDC mutants, but only spermidine inhibits biofilm formation. CASDH and CASDC mutants accumulate homospermidine via a homospermidine synthase homologue Agrobacterium tumefaciens
malfunction exogenous spermidine and norspermidine restore prototrophic growth for DELTA(CASDH) carboxynorspermidine synthase and DELTA(CASDC) carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase mutants Agrobacterium fabrum
metabolism in an alternative pathway (alternate to the pathway via S-adenosyl-L-methionine), putrescine is first converted into carboxyspermidine with the precursor L-aspartate beta-semialdehyde by the enzyme carboxyspermidine dehydrogenase (CASDH), and then carboxyspermidine is converted to spermidine by carboxyspermidine decarboxylase (CASDC). Spermidine is an essential metabolite in Agrobacterium tumefaciens and is synthesized from putrescine via the stepwise actions of carboxyspermidine dehydrogenase (CASDH) and carboxyspermidine decarboxylase (CASDC) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
physiological function spermidine is an essential metabolite in Agrobacterium tumefaciens and is synthesized from putrescine via the stepwise actions of carboxyspermidine dehydrogenase (CASDH) and carboxyspermidine decarboxylase (CASDC). Spermidine is essential for Agrobacterium tumefaciens growth, growth requirement and biofilm control are separable. Polyamine control of biofilm formation appears to function via effects on the cellular second messenger cyclic diguanylate monophosphate, regulating the transition from a freeliving to a surface-attached lifestyle Agrobacterium tumefaciens