Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
gene ANR, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of His-Trx-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3), recombinant expression of GFP-tagged enzyme in Arabidopsis thaliana ban mutant | Vitis bellula |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | generation of an ANR T-DNA insertion that lack flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins | Vitis bellula |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
NaCl | purified recombinant VbANR almost loses its catalytic activity at 500 mM | Vitis bellula |
KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | - |
additional information | kinetics of Trx-VbANR with NADPH and NADH, overview | Vitis bellula | |
0.1308 | - |
delphinidin | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula | |
0.1345 | - |
pelargonidin | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula | |
0.1757 | - |
cyanidin | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula | |
0.1929 | - |
NADPH | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula | |
0.8169 | - |
NADH | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
cyanidin + 2 NADPH + H+ | Vitis bellula | - |
(2R,3R)-epicatechin + 2 NADP+ | ? | ? | |
delphinidin + 2 NADPH + H+ | Vitis bellula | - |
(2R,3R)-epigallocatechin + 2 NADP+ | ? | ? | |
pelargonidin + 2 NADPH + H+ | Vitis bellula | - |
(2R,3R)-epiafzelechin + 2 NADP+ | ? | ? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Vitis bellula | H9TZS7 | - |
- |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
recombinant His-Trx-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography | Vitis bellula |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
leaf | - |
Vitis bellula | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
anthocyanidin + 2 NADPH + H+ | - |
Vitis bellula | 2,3-trans-(2S,3R)-flavan-3-ol + 2 NADP+ | ? | ? | |
cyanidin + 2 NADH + H+ | - |
Vitis bellula | (2R,3R)-epicatechin + 2 NAD+ | ? | ? | |
cyanidin + 2 NADPH + H+ | - |
Vitis bellula | (2R,3R)-epicatechin + 2 NADP+ | ? | ? | |
delphinidin + 2 NADH + H+ | - |
Vitis bellula | (2R,3R)-epigallocatechin + 2 NAD+ | ? | ? | |
delphinidin + 2 NADPH + H+ | - |
Vitis bellula | (2R,3R)-epigallocatechin + 2 NADP+ | ? | ? | |
additional information | the recombinant protein in vitro converts anthocyanidins to 2R,3R-cis-flavan-3-ols and 2S,3R-trans-flavan-3-ols, two stereo configurations at the C2 and C3 positions, such as (-)-epicatechin and (-)-catechin. flavan-3-ols produced from the catalysis of Trx-VbANR result from the reduction activity of VbANR but not Trx. Stereochemistry of the enzyme reaction, overview | Vitis bellula | ? | - |
? | |
pelargonidin + 2 NADH + H+ | - |
Vitis bellula | (2R,3R)-epiafzelechin + 2 NAD+ | ? | ? | |
pelargonidin + 2 NADPH + H+ | - |
Vitis bellula | (2R,3R)-epiafzelechin + 2 NADP+ | ? | ? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
? | x * 56000, recombinant His-Trx-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Vitis bellula |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
ANR | - |
Vitis bellula |
anthocyanidin reductase | - |
Vitis bellula |
VbANR | - |
Vitis bellula |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
40 | - |
recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula |
Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
30 | 50 | activity profile, overview | Vitis bellula |
Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.665 | - |
cyanidin | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula | |
2 | - |
pelargonidin | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula | |
2.012 | - |
delphinidin | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
4 | - |
recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula |
pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
3 | 8 | activity range, profile overview | Vitis bellula |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | enzyme VbANR uses both NADPH and NADH but prefers to employ NADPH | Vitis bellula | |
NADH | - |
Vitis bellula | |
NADPH | - |
Vitis bellula |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | the putative enzymatic activity triad is composed of Ser136, Tyr173, and Lys177 | Vitis bellula |
physiological function | anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) is an NADPH-/NADH-dependent enzyme that transfers two hydrides to anthocyanidins to produce three types of isomeric flavan-3-ols | Vitis bellula |
kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] | kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
9.48 | - |
cyanidin | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula | |
14.87 | - |
pelargonidin | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula | |
15.38 | - |
delphinidin | pH 4.0, 40°C, recombinant enzyme | Vitis bellula |