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Literature summary for 1.2.1.36 extracted from

  • Gagnon, I.; Duester, G.; Bhat, P.V.
    Kinetic analysis of mouse retinal dehydrogenase type-2 (RALDH2) for retinal substrates (2002), Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1596, 156-162.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
expression of isozyme type-2 in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) as N-terminally fusion protein to glutathione-S-transferase Mus musculus
recombinant in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) Mus musculus

General Stability

General Stability Organism
DTT stabilizes isozyme type-2 Mus musculus

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
citral complete inhibition at 1 mM; strongly suppress enzyme reaction Mus musculus
additional information all-trans-retinol and chloral hydrate do not inhibit enzyme reaction Mus musculus
p-hydroxymercuribenzoate complete inhibition at 1 mM in absence of DTT, 2 mM DTT protect nearly completely; strongly suppress enzyme reaction, reversed by addition of DTT Mus musculus

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
additional information
-
additional information kinetic analysis, isozyme type-2 Mus musculus
0.0006
-
13-cis-retinal
-
Mus musculus
0.00062
-
13-cis-retinal recombinant isozyme type-2, pH 9.0, 25°C Mus musculus
0.00066
-
all-trans-retinal recombinant isozyme type-2, pH 9.0, 25°C Mus musculus
0.0007
-
all-trans-retinal
-
Mus musculus
0.00225
-
9-cis-retinal recombinant isozyme type-2, pH 9.0, 25°C Mus musculus
0.0023
-
9-cis-retinal
-
Mus musculus

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
mitochondrion
-
Mus musculus 5739
-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ stimulate the type-2 isozyme by 40% at 2 mM MgCl2 Mus musculus
MgCl2 40% stimulation of enzyme activity with 2 mM MgCl2 Mus musculus

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
55000
-
x * 55000, SDS-PAGE Mus musculus
55000
-
x * 55000, recombinant detagged isozyme type-2, SDS-PAGE Mus musculus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
13-cis-retinal + NAD+ + H2O Mus musculus type-2 isozyme 13-cis-retinoate + NADH
-
?
9-cis-retinal + NAD+ + H2O Mus musculus type-2 isozyme 9-cis-retinoate + NADH
-
?
all-trans-retinal + NAD+ + H2O Mus musculus type-2 isozyme all-trans-retinoate + NADH
-
?
additional information Mus musculus type-2 isozyme catalyzes the last step in biosynthesis of retinoic acid in embryos and adult reproductive organs, isozyme type-2 regulates the retinoic acid level during embryogenesis and tissue differentiation ?
-
?
retinal + NAD+ + H2O Mus musculus
-
retinoate + NADH
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Mus musculus
-
-
-
Mus musculus
-
type-2 isozyme
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
after recombinant production in Escherichia coli BL-21DE3 Mus musculus
recombinant isozyme type-2 as fusion protein from Escherichia coli by GST-affinity chromatography, cleavage by thrombin to eliminate the fusion tag Mus musculus

Reaction

Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
retinal + NAD+ + H2O = retinoate + NADH + H+ sulfhydryl group involved in activity Mus musculus

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
embryo midgestational Mus musculus
-
additional information specific expression in embryos and adult reproductive organs Mus musculus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
13-cis-retinal + NAD+ + H2O type-2 isozyme Mus musculus 13-cis-retinoate + NADH
-
?
13-cis-retinal + NAD+ + H2O type-2 isozyme, 2fold lower activity compared to all-trans-retinal Mus musculus 13-cis-retinoate + NADH
-
?
9-cis-retinal + NAD+ + H2O type-2 isozyme Mus musculus 9-cis-retinoate + NADH
-
?
9-cis-retinal + NAD+ + H2O type-2 isozyme, 5fold lower activity compared to all-trans-retinal Mus musculus 9-cis-retinoate + NADH
-
?
all-trans-retinal + NAD+ + H2O type-2 isozyme Mus musculus all-trans-retinoate + NADH
-
?
all-trans-retinal + NAD+ + H2O preferred substrate, type-2 isozyme Mus musculus all-trans-retinoate + NADH
-
?
additional information type-2 isozyme catalyzes the last step in biosynthesis of retinoic acid in embryos and adult reproductive organs, isozyme type-2 regulates the retinoic acid level during embryogenesis and tissue differentiation Mus musculus ?
-
?
retinal + NAD+ + H2O
-
Mus musculus retinoate + NADH
-
?
retinal + NAD+ + H2O efficiency of conversion of all-trans-retinal to retinoic acid is 2fold and 5fold higher than 13-cis and 9-cis-retinal, respectively Mus musculus retinoate + NADH
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
? x * 55000, SDS-PAGE Mus musculus
? x * 55000, recombinant detagged isozyme type-2, SDS-PAGE Mus musculus

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
RALDH2
-
Mus musculus
retinal dehydrogenase type-2
-
Mus musculus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
25
-
all retinal isomer substrates are converted to respective retinoic acids more efficiently compared to 37°C, might be due to instability of substrates at 37°C Mus musculus
25
-
assay at, recombinant isozyme type-2, probably higher activity than at 37°C due to higher stability of the substrates at 25°C Mus musculus

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
25 37 lower activity at 37°C is also due to instability of the substrates Mus musculus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
9
-
all-trans-retinal oxidation Mus musculus
9
-
recombinant isozyme type-2 Mus musculus

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NAD+
-
Mus musculus