Literature summary for 1.17.3.2 extracted from

Dai, Y.; Cao, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Vallurupalli, S.; Mehta, J.L.
Xanthine oxidase induces foam cell formation through LOX-1 and NLRP3 activation (2017), Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther., 31, 19-27 .

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Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Homo sapiens	-	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
THP-1 cell	-	Homo sapiens	-
vascular smooth muscle cell	-	Homo sapiens	-

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
physiological function	xanthine oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. Uric acid in serum is acts as an anti-oxidant. Xanthine oxidase is a key enzyme in uric acid production. This process generates excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that play an important role in atherogenesis. Xanthine oxidase induces foam cell formation in large part through activation of LOX-1/NLRP3 pathway in both vascular smooth muscle cells and THP-1 cells, but uric acid-induced foam cell formation occurs exclusively through the CD36 pathway. Xanthine oxidase enhances the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, cleaved interleukin-1beta and interleukin-18 in vascular smooth muscle cells and THP-1 cells, while uric acid has no effect	Homo sapiens

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)