Literature summary for 1.14.99.63 extracted from

Zhou, P.; Xie, W.; Li, A.; Wang, F.; Yao, Z.; Bian, Q.; Zhu, Y.; Yu, H.; Ye, L.
Alleviation of metabolic bottleneck by combinatorial engineering enhanced astaxanthin synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2017), Enzyme Microb. Technol., 100, 28-36 .

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Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
astaxanthin yield in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is enhanced by combinational metabolic engineering and protein engineering targeting at the insufficient precursor supply and the weak downstream pathway capacity. Through introducing the positive GGPP synthase mutant CrtE03M together with overexpression of tHMG1, CrtI and CrtYB (from the cDNA of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous), the supply of the precursor beta-carotene is increased. Efficient conversion of beta-carotene to astaxanthin is achieved through increasing beta-carotene ketolase activity via directed evolution	Haematococcus lacustris

Cloned (Comment)

Organism

astaxanthin yield in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is enhanced by combinational metabolic engineering and protein engineering targeting at the insufficient precursor supply and the weak downstream pathway capacity. Through introducing the positive GGPP synthase mutant CrtE03M together with overexpression of tHMG1, CrtI and CrtYB (from the cDNA of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous), the supply of the precursor beta-carotene is increased. Efficient conversion of beta-carotene to astaxanthin is achieved through increasing beta-carotene ketolase activity via directed evolution

Haematococcus lacustris

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
F298Y	improvement in canthaxanthin production	Haematococcus lacustris
H165R	improvement in canthaxanthin production	Haematococcus lacustris
H165R/F298Y	improvement in canthaxanthin production	Haematococcus lacustris
H165R/V264D	improvement in canthaxanthin production	Haematococcus lacustris
H165R/V264D/F298Y	mutant enzyme with 2.4fold improved activity	Haematococcus lacustris
V264D	improvement in canthaxanthin production	Haematococcus lacustris
V264D/F298Y	improvement in canthaxanthin production	Haematococcus lacustris

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
beta-carotene + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2	Haematococcus lacustris	the enzyme is involved in the astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway	echinenone + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O	-	?
echinenone + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2	Haematococcus lacustris	the enzyme is involved in the astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway	canthaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Haematococcus lacustris	E2DRF9	-	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
beta-carotene + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2	the enzyme is involved in the astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway	Haematococcus lacustris	echinenone + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O	-	?
echinenone + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2	the enzyme is involved in the astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway	Haematococcus lacustris	canthaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
beta-carotene ketolase	-	Haematococcus lacustris
OBKT	-	Haematococcus lacustris

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
metabolism	the enzyme is involved in the astaxanthin biosynthesis pathway	Haematococcus lacustris