Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
gene KDM4A, recombinant expression of GFP-tagged enzyme-deficient mutant and of point mutants in fibroblasts, overexpression of JmjD2A under the control beta-actin promoter in chicken fibroblasts specifically depletes H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 | Gallus gallus |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
G133A | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation in the catalytic domain abrogates enzyme activity | Gallus gallus |
G138A | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation in the catalytic domain abrogates enzyme activity | Gallus gallus |
G165A | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation in the catalytic domain abrogates enzyme activity | Gallus gallus |
G170A | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation in the catalytic domain abrogates enzyme activity | Gallus gallus |
additional information | overexpression of JmjD2A in fibroblasts specifically depletes H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 | Gallus gallus |
S288N | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation in the catalytic domain abrogates enzyme activity | Gallus gallus |
T289B | site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation in the catalytic domain abrogates enzyme activity | Gallus gallus |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
nucleus | - |
Gallus gallus | 5634 | - |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | Gallus gallus | JmjD2A is specific for H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 substrates. JmjD2A directly binds to regulatory regions of neural crest specifier genes in vivo | ? | - |
? | |
[histone H3]-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine 36 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | Gallus gallus | - |
[histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 36 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Gallus gallus | E1C6D5 | - |
- |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
embryo | neural folds | Gallus gallus | - |
neural crest | JmjD2A transcripts are observed in the neural plate, neural plate border, and non-neural ectoderm, highest expression of JmjD2A at stage 5, decreasing from stage 8 onward | Gallus gallus | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | JmjD2A is specific for H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 substrates. JmjD2A directly binds to regulatory regions of neural crest specifier genes in vivo | Gallus gallus | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | JmjD2A is specific for H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 substrates | Gallus gallus | ? | - |
? | |
[histone H3]-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine 36 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | - |
Gallus gallus | [histone H3]-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine 36 + succinate + formaldehyde + CO2 | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
JMJD2A | - |
Gallus gallus |
JumonjiD2A | - |
Gallus gallus |
KDM4A | - |
Gallus gallus |
More | see also EC 1.14.11.66 | Gallus gallus |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | loss of JmjD2A function causes dramatic downregulation of neural crest specifier genes analyzed by multiplex NanoString and in situ hybridization. Cells overexpressing JmjD2A completely lack either H3K9me3 or H3K36me3 marks. Overexpression of JmjD2A in chicken fibroblasts specifically depletes H3K9me3 and H3K36me3. JmjD2A loss of function depletes Sox10 expression and expression of neural crest specifier genes Sox9, FoxD3, and Snail2, but not dorsal neural tube markers. JmjD2A knockdown inhibits demethylation of H3K9me3 on the Sox10 promoter | Gallus gallus |
physiological function | histone demethylases such as members of the Jumonji family revert histone trimethylation. Unlike other demethylases, JmjD2/KDM4 proteins have been shown to remove both lysine 9 and 36 trimethyl marks. Dynamic histone modifications are critical for proper temporal control of neural crest gene expression in vivo. The histone demethylase, JumonjiD2A (JmjD2A/KDM4A), is expressed in the forming neural folds. Direct stage-specific interactions of JmjD2A with regulatory regions of neural crest genes, associated temporal modifications in methylation states of lysine residues are directly affected by JmjD2A activity. Chromatin modifications directly control neural crest genes in vertebrate embryos via modulating histone methylation. JmjD2A plays an important role in neural crest development. H3K9me3 and H3K36me3 occupancy regulates neural crest specifier expression in vivo | Gallus gallus |