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Literature summary for 1.14.11.1 extracted from
- Hydroxylation of gamma-butyrobetaine to carnitine in rat liver (1967), Biochemistry, 6, 1271-1282.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| catalase | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| Microsomal preparation | increase of activity | Rattus norvegicus | |
| NADPH | NADPH-regenerating system, increase of activity, no absolute requirement | Rattus norvegicus |  |
| nicotinamide | increase of activity | Rattus norvegicus | |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| ascorbate | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| FMN | in high concentrations | Rattus norvegicus | |
| H2O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| Quinacrine | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytoplasm | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 5737 | - |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fe2+ | requirement | Rattus norvegicus | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
Oxidation Stability
| Oxidation Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| O2, irreversible inactivation during preincubation | Rattus norvegicus |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| partial | Rattus norvegicus |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| liver | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| additional information | no activity found: muscle, kidney | Rattus norvegicus | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0014 | - |
- |
Rattus norvegicus |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3-trimethylaminopropionic acid + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 20% of the hydroxylation rate of gamma-butyrobetaine | Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 4-dimethylaminobutyric acid + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | poor substrate | Rattus norvegicus | 4-dimethylamino-3-hydroxybutyric acid + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 3-hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | - |
assay at | Rattus norvegicus |
Temperature Stability [°C]
| Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60 | - |
complete inactivation after 15 min | Rattus norvegicus |
pH Range
| pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 8.4 | half-maximal activity at pH 6.0 and 8.4, partially purified preparation | Rattus norvegicus |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| ascorbate | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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