Literature summary for 1.1.1.40 extracted from

Bovdilova, A.; Alexandre, B.M.; Hoeppner, A.; Luis, I.M.; Alvarez, C.E.; Bickel, D.; Gohlke, H.; Decker, C.; Nagel-Steger, L.; Alseekh, S.; Fernie, A.R.; Drincovich, M.F.; Abreu, I.A.; Maurino, V.G.
Posttranslational Modification of the NADP-malic enzyme involved in C4 photosynthesis modulates the enzymatic activity during the day (2019), Plant Cell, 31, 2525-2539 .

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Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta(DE3) cells	Zea mays

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
S419A	the variant presents 72.3% of the wild type activity	Zea mays
S419E	the variant presents 8.7% of the wild type activity. The mutation dramatically decreases the affinity for the cofactor, as saturation is not observed even at NADP+ concentrations as high as 5 mM	Zea mays

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM]	KM Value Maximum [mM]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
0.0123	-	NADP+	wild type enzyme, at pH 8.0 and 25°C	Zea mays
0.1595	-	NADP+	mutant enzyme S419A, at pH 8.0 and 25°C	Zea mays
0.19	-	(S)-malate	wild type enzyme, at pH 8.0 and 25°C	Zea mays
0.47	-	(S)-malate	mutant enzyme S419A, at pH 8.0 and 25°C	Zea mays
2.68	-	(S)-malate	mutant enzyme S419A, at pH 8.0 and 25°C	Zea mays

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
chloroplast	-	Zea mays	9507	-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions	Comment	Organism	Structure
Mg2+	10 mM used in assay conditions	Zea mays

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
(S)-malate + NADP+	Zea mays	-	pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH + H+	-	r
pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH + H+	Zea mays	-	(S)-malate + NADP+	-	r

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Zea mays	P16243	-	-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification	Comment	Organism
phosphoprotein	phosphorylation of the enzyme at Ser419 drastically decreases its activity. Phosphorylation of isoform C4-NADP-ME at Ser419 during the first hours in the light is a cellular mechanism that fine tunes the enzymatic activity to coordinate the carbon concentration mechanism with the CO2 fixation rate, probably to avoid CO2 leakiness from bundle sheath cells	Zea mays

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment)	Organism
Ni-NTA agarose column chromatography	Zea mays

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
leaf	-	Zea mays	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
(S)-malate + NADP+	-	Zea mays	pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH + H+	-	r
pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH + H+	-	Zea mays	(S)-malate + NADP+	-	r

Subunits

Subunits	Comment	Organism
homotetramer	4 * 63400, calculated from amino acid sequence	Zea mays

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
C4-NADP-ME	isoform	Zea mays
NADP-malic enzyme	-	Zea mays
NADP-ME	-	Zea mays

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s]	Turnover Number Maximum [1/s]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
2.1	-	NADP+	mutant enzyme S419A, at pH 8.0 and 25°C	Zea mays
8.3	-	NADP+	mutant enzyme S419A, at pH 8.0 and 25°C	Zea mays
12.2	-	NADP+	wild type enzyme, at pH 8.0 and 25°C	Zea mays

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
8	-	-	Zea mays

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
NADP+	-	Zea mays
NADPH	-	Zea mays

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)