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Literature summary for 1.1.1.195 extracted from
- Purification and characterization of a zinc-dependent cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Leucaena leucocephala, a tree legume (2014), Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 172, 3414-3423.
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| caffeic acid | - |
Leucaena leucocephala |  |
| ferulic acid | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | |
| additional information | no inhibition by salicylic acid | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| Zn2+ | inhibitory at 2.0 mM, Zn2+ treatment leads to the formation of a bigger oligomer of CAD which is catalytically inactive. EDTA treatment prevents the formation of the bigger CAD oligomer and hence increases the CAD activity | Leucaena leucocephala | |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0015 | - |
NADPH | pH 6.5, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 0.0015 | - |
cinnamaldehyde | pH 6.5, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 0.0038 | - |
cinnamyl alcohol | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 0.0045 | - |
coniferyl aldehyde | pH 6.5, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 0.005 | - |
coniferyl alcohol | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 0.0062 | - |
sinapyl alcohol | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 0.0085 | - |
NADP+ | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cell wall | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | 5618 | - |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| EDTA | activates at 2.0 mM, Zn2+ treatment leads to the formation of a bigger oligomer of CAD which is catalytically inactive. EDTA treatment prevents the formation of the bigger CAD oligomer and hence increases the CAD activity | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| Mg2+ | 30% activating at 2.0 mM | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| additional information | Ca2+ shows no significant effect | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| Zn2+ | dependent on, zinc-dependent metalloenzyme | Leucaena leucocephala | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38000 | - |
2 * 38000, SDS-PAGE | Leucaena leucocephala |
| 76000 | - |
gel filtration | Leucaena leucocephala |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cinnamaldehyde + NADPH + H+ | Leucaena leucocephala | - |
cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
| coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+ | Leucaena leucocephala | the forward reaction is the physiological reaction | coniferyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
| sinapyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+ | Leucaena leucocephala | - |
sinapyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leucaena leucocephala | - |
cv. K-29, from the garden of Department of Biochemistry, Lucknow University, India | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| native enzyme 514.2fold from secondary xylem by ammonium sulfate fractionation, anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration, and affinity chromatography (elution with NADP+) | Leucaena leucocephala |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| stem | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | - |
| xylem | secondary | Leucaena leucocephala | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 48.74 | - |
purified native enzyme, pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cinnamaldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
| cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | cinnamaldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
| coniferyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
| coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | coniferyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
| coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+ | the forward reaction is the physiological reaction | Leucaena leucocephala | coniferyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
| additional information | no activity with methanol and ethanol as alcoholic substrates | Leucaena leucocephala | ? | - |
? | |
| p-coumaryl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | p-coumaryl aldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
| sinapyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | sinapyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
r | |
| sinapyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+ | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | sinapyl alcohol + NADP+ | - |
r | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| homodimer | 2 * 38000, SDS-PAGE | Leucaena leucocephala |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| CAD | - |
Leucaena leucocephala |
| cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase | - |
Leucaena leucocephala |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | - |
- |
Leucaena leucocephala |
Temperature Range [°C]
| Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | 42 | good activity between 30°C to 42°C with maximum activity at 40°C, beyond which activity declined sharply | Leucaena leucocephala |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.63 | - |
cinnamaldehyde | pH 6.5, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 6.41 | - |
cinnamyl alcohol | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 8.75 | - |
coniferyl alcohol | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 9.22 | - |
NADP+ | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 14.38 | - |
sinapyl alcohol | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 15.31 | - |
NADPH | pH 6.5, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 16.56 | - |
coniferyl aldehyde | pH 6.5, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6.5 | - |
coniferyl aldehyde reduction | Leucaena leucocephala |
| 8.8 | - |
coniferyl alcohol oxidation | Leucaena leucocephala |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NADP+ | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | |
| NADPH | - |
Leucaena leucocephala | |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | purified CAD by MALDI-TOF shows a significant homology to alcohol dehydrogenases of MDR superfamily | Leucaena leucocephala |
| physiological function | cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible conversion of hydroxycinnamyl aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols, before their oxidative polymerization to lignin, a major constituent of the plant cell wall | Leucaena leucocephala |
kcat/KM [mM/s]
| kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] | kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1090 | - |
NADP+ | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 1690 | - |
cinnamyl alcohol | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 1750 | - |
coniferyl alcohol | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 2320 | - |
sinapyl alcohol | pH 8.8, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 3680 | - |
coniferyl aldehyde | pH 6.5, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 3750 | - |
cinnamaldehyde | pH 6.5, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
| 10210 | - |
NADPH | pH 6.5, 40°C | Leucaena leucocephala | |
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