Any feedback?
Information on EC 5.4.99.40 - alpha-amyrin synthase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC5.4.99.40Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
EC Tree
5.4.99.40 alpha-amyrin synthaseIUBMB Comments
A multifunctional enzyme which produces both alpha- and beta-amyrin (see EC 5.4.99.39, beta-amyrin synthase).
Specify your search results
Word Map
- 5.4.99.40
-
triterpene
-
triterpenoids
- cycloartenol
-
pentacyclic
- lupeol
- lanosterol
-
squalene-hopene
-
amyrins
- beta-amyrin
-
oleanane
- taraxerol
- friedelin
- taraxasterol
- tirucalli
- germanicol
- hopene
- alicyclobacillus
-
3s-2,3-oxidosqualene
- cucurbitadienol
-
methylococcus
- dammarenediol-ii
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
oxidosqualene cyclases, mixed amyrin synthase, bmosc, obas2, mdosc3, 
more
topPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
BmOSC
enzyme shows similarity with Olea europaea mixed amyrin synthase and Panax notoginseng dammarenediol synthase
CrAS
MdOSC3
mixed amyrin synthase
ObAS2
-
a mixed amyrin synthase that produces both alpha-amyrin and beta-amyrin but it has a product preference for alpha-amyrin
OPSC 1
OSC
OSC1
OSC3
mixed amyrin synthase
a multifunctional enzyme which produces both alpha- and beta-amyrin (see EC 5.4.99.39, beta-amyrin synthase)
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene = alpha-amyrin
-
-
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene mutase (cyclizing, alpha-amyrin-forming)
A multifunctional enzyme which produces both alpha- and beta-amyrin (see EC 5.4.99.39, beta-amyrin synthase).
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(S)-2,3-oxidosqualene
alpha-amyrin + beta-amyrin
-
OSC1 produces a 5:1 ratio of alpha-amyrin to beta-amyrin
-
?
(S)-2,3-oxidosqualene
delta-amyrin + beta-amyrin + alpha-amyrin + multiflorenol + psi-taraxasterol + taraxasterol + ?
-
-
isoform SITT1 produces 48% delta-amyrin, 13% beta-amyrin, 18% alpha-amyrin, and 3-7% each of multiflorenol, psi-taraxasterol, taraxasterol, and one unidentified triterpene alcohol isomer
-
?
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene
alpha-amyrin
the product alpha-amyrin is a precursor of ursolic acid
-
-
?
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene
alpha-amyrin
the mixed amyrin synthase produces both alpha- and beta-amyrin in a ration of 5:1
-
-
?
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene
alpha-amyrin
PSM produces both alpha- and beta-amyrin in about 3 : 2 ratio together with at least six other minor triterpenes
-
-
?
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene
alpha-amyrin
-
-
isoform SITT1 produces 18% alpha-amyrin
-
?
additional information
?
-
MdOSC1 is a mixed amyrin synthase, with a 5:1 ratio of alpha-amyrin to beta-amyrin. The alpha-amyrin to beta-amyrin to lupeol production ratio for MdOSC1 is 85:13:2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
MdOSC1 is a mixed amyrin synthase, with a 5:1 ratio of alpha-amyrin to beta-amyrin. The alpha-amyrin to beta-amyrin to lupeol production ratio for MdOSC1 is 85:13:2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MdOSC1 is a mixed amyrin synthase, with a 5:1 ratio of alpha-amyrin to beta-amyrin. The alpha-amyrin to beta-amyrin to lupeol production ratio for MdOSC1 is 85:13:2
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene
alpha-amyrin
the product alpha-amyrin is a precursor of ursolic acid
-
-
?
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene
alpha-amyrin
PSM produces both alpha- and beta-amyrin in about 3 : 2 ratio together with at least six other minor triterpenes
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
hybrid, cultivars Merton Russet and Royal Gala, grown in New Zealand
UniProt
brenda
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
metabolism
physiological function
the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of pentacyclic triterpenes, which, in apple, account for 32-70% of the epicuticular waxes, depending on the cultivar
additional information
metabolism
-
CrAS is multifunctional 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC) producing alpha- and beta-amyrin in a ratio of 2.5:1
metabolism
-
functional expressions of ObAS2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to the production of both alpha-amyrin and beta-amyrin but with a preference for alpha-amyrin
metabolism
analysis of biosynthetic pathway of triterpenic acids in apple fruits, overview
metabolism
MdOSC1 and MdOSC5 are key genes in apple fruit triterpene biosynthesis, analysis of biosynthetic pathway of triterpenic acids in apple, overview. The gene expression of MdOSC1 is linked to the concentrations of ursolic and oleanolic acid
additional information
analysis of triterpenes from apple fruits in a collection of 20 contrasting apple cultivars, expression patterns of triterpene-related genes in different apple cultivars, overview
additional information
analysis of triterpenes from apple fruits in a collection of 20 contrasting apple cultivars, expression patterns of triterpene-related genes in different apple cultivars, overview
additional information
-
analysis of triterpenes from apple fruits in a collection of 20 contrasting apple cultivars, expression patterns of triterpene-related genes in different apple cultivars, overview
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). DAMS_SOLLC
763
0
88036
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 4)
ABAMS_PEA
764
0
88277
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
LUP2_ARATH
763
0
87515
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A2P6RZF8_ROSCH
498
0
57675
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
A0A2P6RZE6_ROSCH
84
0
9688
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A2P6QEY2_ROSCH
514
0
59199
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 5)
A0A2P6QEY0_ROSCH
226
0
26060
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A396GFQ4_MEDTR
190
0
21704
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A396GGH1_MEDTR
209
0
23415
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
transient expression of MdOSC1 and MdOSC5 together with CYP716A175 confirms the ratio between the different triterpene backbones observed after transient expression of MdOSC1 and MDOSC5 alone, overview
additional information
transient expression of MdOSC1 and MdOSC5 together with CYP716A175 confirms the ratio between the different triterpene backbones observed after transient expression of MdOSC1 and MDOSC5 alone, overview
additional information
-
transient expression of MdOSC1 and MdOSC5 together with CYP716A175 confirms the ratio between the different triterpene backbones observed after transient expression of MdOSC1 and MDOSC5 alone, overview
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and by expression in the yeast Pichia methanolica
functional expressions of ObAS1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to the production of beta-amyrin
-
gene OSC1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, quantitative real-time PCR expression analysis of the enzyme in apple fruits, functional recombinant expression in Nicotiana benthamiana via transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 resulting in production of alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, and lupeol. MdOSC1 produces predominantly alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin to a lesser extent, and small amounts of lupeol
gene OSC3, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, quantitative real-time PCR expression analysis of the enzyme in apple fruits, recombinant expression in Nicotiana benthamiana via transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 resulting in production of alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, and lupeol
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Morita, M.; Shibuya, M.; Kushiro, T.; Masuda, K.; Ebizuka, Y.
Molecular cloning and functional expression of triterpene synthases from pea (Pisum sativum) new alpha-amyrin-producing enzyme is a multifunctional triterpene synthase
Eur. J. Biochem.
267
3453-3460
2000
Pisum sativum (Q9LRH7), Pisum sativum
brenda
Brendolise, C.; Yauk, Y.K.; Eberhard, E.D.; Wang, M.; Chagne, D.; Andre, C.; Greenwood, D.R.; Beuning, L.L.
An unusual plant triterpene synthase with predominant alpha-amyrin-producing activity identified by characterizing oxidosqualene cyclases from Malus domestica
FEBS J.
278
2485-2499
2011
Malus domestica, Malus domestica (C7SCX0)
brenda
Wang, Z.; Guhling, O.; Yao, R.; Li, F.; Yeats, T.H.; Rose, J.K.; Jetter, R.
Two oxidosqualene cyclases responsible for biosynthesis of tomato fruit cuticular triterpenoids
Plant Physiol.
155
540-552
2011
Solanum lycopersicum
brenda
Vishwakarma, R.K.; Sonawane, P.; Singh, S.; Kumari, U.; Ruby, U.; Khan, B.M.
Molecular characterization and differential expression studies of an oxidosqualene cyclase (OSC) gene of Brahmi (Bacopa monniera)
Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants
19
547-553
2013
Bacopa monnieri (G0WVE6), Bacopa monnieri
brenda
Misra, R.C.; Maiti, P.; Chanotiya, C.S.; Shanker, K.; Ghosh, S.
Methyl jasmonate-elicited transcriptional responses and pentacyclic triterpene biosynthesis in sweet basil
Plant Physiol.
164
1028-1044
2014
Ocimum basilicum
brenda
Huang, L.; Li, J.; Ye, H.; Li, C.; Wang, H.; Liu, B.; Zhang, Y.
Molecular characterization of the pentacyclic triterpenoid biosynthetic pathway in Catharanthus roseus
Planta
236
1571-1581
2012
Catharanthus roseus
brenda
Andre, C.; Legay, S.; Deleruelle, A.; Nieuwenhuizen, N.; Punter, M.; Brendolise, C.; Cooney, J.; Lateur, M.; Hausman, J.; Larondelle, Y.; Laing, W.
Multifunctional oxidosqualene cyclases and cytochrome P450 involved in the biosynthesis of apple fruit triterpenic acids
New Phytol.
211
1279-1294
2016
Malus domestica (C7SCX0), Malus domestica (C7SCX2), Malus domestica
brenda
Select items on the left to see more content.
EXTERNAL LINKS (specific for EC-Number 5.4.99.40)
html completed
Use of this online version of BRENDA is free under the CC BY 4.0 license. See terms of use for full details.
Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
About BRENDA
Social media
Help
Survey
Download
Contribution
Legal
Curated at
Member of
