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Information on EC 4.2.1.122 - tryptophan synthase (indole-salvaging)
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4.2.1.122 tryptophan synthase (indole-salvaging)IUBMB Comments
Most mesophilic bacteria have a multimeric tryptophan synthase complex (EC 4.2.1.20) that forms L-tryptophan from L-serine and 1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate via an indole intermediate. This intermediate, which is formed by the alpha subunits, is transferred in an internal tunnel to the beta units, which convert it to tryptophan. In thermophilic organisms the high temperature enhances diffusion and causes the loss of indole. This enzyme, which does not combine with the alpha unit to form a complex, salvages the lost indole back to L-tryptophan. It has a much lower Km for indole than the beta subunit of EC 4.2.1.20.
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Archaea, Bacteria
Synonyms
PfTrpB, PfTrpS, StTrpS (beta2), Trp synthase, TrpB2, TrpBbeta, TRPS, tryptophan synthase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
StTrpS (beta2)
TrpB2
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
L-serine + indole = L-tryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
L-serine + indole = L-tryptophan + H2O
reaction mechanism, overview
-
L-serine + indole = L-tryptophan + H2O
reaction mechanism, overview
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
MetaCyc
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
L-serine hydro-lyase [adding indole, L-tryptophan-forming]
Most mesophilic bacteria have a multimeric tryptophan synthase complex (EC 4.2.1.20) that forms L-tryptophan from L-serine and 1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate via an indole intermediate. This intermediate, which is formed by the alpha subunits, is transferred in an internal tunnel to the beta units, which convert it to tryptophan. In thermophilic organisms the high temperature enhances diffusion and causes the loss of indole. This enzyme, which does not combine with the alpha unit to form a complex, salvages the lost indole back to L-tryptophan. It has a much lower Km for indole than the beta subunit of EC 4.2.1.20.
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
L-serine + 4-hydroxyindole
4-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-serine + 5-hydroxyindole
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-serine + 7-hydroxyindole
7-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 2-methylindole
(2S,3S)-2-methyl-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 4-fluoroindole
(2S,3S)-4-fluoro-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 4-methylindole
(2S,3S)-4-methyl-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 5-bromoindole
(2S,3S)-5-bromo-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 5-chloroindole
(2S,3S)-5-chloro-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 5-phenylindole
(2S,3S)-5-phenyl-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 6-methylindole
(2S,3S)-6-methyl-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 7-azaindole
(2S,3S)-2-amino-3-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)butanoic acid + H2O
-
engineered mutant enzyme PfTrpB2B9
-
-
?
L-threonine + 7-chloroindole
(2S,3S)-7-chloro-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 7-fluoroindole
(2S,3S)-7-fluoro-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 7-methoxyindole
(2S,3S)-7-methoxy-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 7-methylindole
(2S,3S)-7-methyl-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-serine + indole
L-tryptophan + H2O
L-serine is the preferred substrate
-
-
?
L-serine + indole
L-tryptophan + H2O
-
L-serine is the preferred substrate
-
-
?
L-serine + indole
L-tryptophan + H2O
-
Ser and IGP react with a coupling efficiency of over 99% and only trace indole is released into solution by cells
-
-
?
L-serine + indole
L-tryptophan + H2O
-
L-serine is the preferred substrate
-
-
?
L-serine + indole
L-tryptophan + H2O
-
the enzyme is involved in L-tryptophan biosynthesis. TrpB2 does not interact with TrpA as in the case of TrpB1. TrpB2 provides an alternate route to generate Trp from serine and free indole (indole salvage)
-
-
?
L-threonine + indole
(2S,3S)-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + indole
(2S,3S)-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
only 17% of the indole that is released from the alpha-subunit goes on to form beta-MeTrp, demonstrating that the release of indole is decoupled from product formation. Thr binds non-covalently to the isolated beta-subunit, indicating that the beta-methyl group hinders entry into the catalytic cycle. The beta-methyl of Thr causes a steric clash that destabilizes the E(Aex1) intermediate
-
-
?
L-threonine + indole
(2S,3S)-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
veryl low activity of the wild-type enzyme, higher activity with engineered mutant enzymes
-
-
?
L-threonine + indole
(2S,3S)-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzymatic production of psilocybin formation from 4-hydroxyindole and L-serine and of 7-phosphoryloxytryptamine (isonorbaeocystin), a non-natural congener of the Psilocybe alkaloid norbaeocystin (4-phosphoryloxytryptamine), and of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) by means of the same in vitro approach, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the rate of Thr deamination by PfTrpS is 8.5fold faster than with Ser, competitive with the rate of beta-substitution. Substrate differentiation mechanism of the enzyme, molecular dynamics simulations analysis, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
beta-substitution occurs in vitro with a 3.4fold higher catalytic efficiency for Ser over Thr using saturating indole, despite over 82000fold preference for Ser in direct competition using IGP. When the reaction is conducted with a 1000fold molar excess of Thr over Ser, only Trp is observed, with no trace of beta-MeTrp. Atypical mechanism of specificity: Thr binds efficiently but decreases the affinity for indole and disrupts the allosteric signaling that regulates the catalytic cycle
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
no activity of engineered mutant enzyme with 5-chloro-, 5-bromo, and 6-hydroxyindoles combined with L-threonine
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
activity and isolated yields of L-beta-methyl-Trp are low compared to the wild-type reaction with l-Ser, which gives over 90% of L-Trp under the same conditions. Preperative scale synthesis (2S,3S)-L-beta-methyl tryptophan and derivatives
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
TrpB2 does not bind to TrpA but is catalytically highly active, has an extremely low Km value for indole
-
-
-
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
-
the rate of Thr deamination by PfTrpS is 8.5fold faster than with Ser, competitive with the rate of beta-substitution. Substrate differentiation mechanism of the enzyme, molecular dynamics simulations analysis, overview
-
-
-
L-serine + indole
L-tryptophan + H2O
-
Ser and IGP react with a coupling efficiency of over 99% and only trace indole is released into solution by cells
-
-
?
L-serine + indole
L-tryptophan + H2O
-
L-serine is the preferred substrate
-
-
?
L-serine + indole
L-tryptophan + H2O
-
the enzyme is involved in L-tryptophan biosynthesis. TrpB2 does not interact with TrpA as in the case of TrpB1. TrpB2 provides an alternate route to generate Trp from serine and free indole (indole salvage)
-
-
?
L-threonine + indole
(2S,3S)-beta-methyltryptophan + H2O
-
only 17% of the indole that is released from the alpha-subunit goes on to form beta-MeTrp, demonstrating that the release of indole is decoupled from product formation. Thr binds non-covalently to the isolated beta-subunit, indicating that the beta-methyl group hinders entry into the catalytic cycle. The beta-methyl of Thr causes a steric clash that destabilizes the E(Aex1) intermediate
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00077
indole
-
Km below 0.00077 mM, at 80°C, pH not specified in the publication
0.0076
indole
pH 7.5, 85°C, recombinant TrpB2, with TrpA
0.0081
indole
pH 7.5, 85°C, recombinant TrpB2, without TrpA
0.035
indole
pH 7.5, 85°C, recombinant TrpB1 with TrpA
1.4
L-serine
-
recombinant mutant L166V, pH 7.8, 37°C
1.6
L-serine
-
recombinant wild-type enzyme, pH 7.8, 37°C
52
L-serine
-
recombinant mutant L166A, pH 7.8, 37°C
210
L-threonine
-
recombinant wild-type enzyme, pH 7.8, 37°C
310
L-threonine
-
recombinant mutant L166V, pH 7.8, 37°C
340
L-threonine
-
recombinant mutant L166A, pH 7.8, 37°C
additional information
additional information
steady-state Michaelis-Menten kinetics, overview; steady-state Michaelis-Menten kinetics, overview
-
additional information
additional information
steady-state Michaelis-Menten kinetics, overview; steady-state Michaelis-Menten kinetics, overview
-
additional information
additional information
Michaelis-Menten kinetics
-
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.39
indole
pH 7.5, 85°C, recombinant TrpB2, with or without TrpA
3.46
indole
pH 7.5, 85°C, recombinant TrpB1 with TrpA
0.082
L-serine
-
recombinant mutant L166V, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.18
L-serine
-
recombinant mutant L166A, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.35
L-serine
-
recombinant wild-type enzyme, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.00068
L-threonine
-
recombinant wild-type enzyme, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.0035
L-threonine
-
recombinant mutant L166A, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.007
L-threonine
-
recombinant mutant L166V, pH 7.8, 37°C
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0006
indole
-
KCAT_KM below 0.0006 mM, at 80°C, pH not specified in the publication
48
indole
pH 7.5, 85°C, recombinant TrpB2, without TrpA
0.003
L-serine
-
recombinant mutant L166A, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.058
L-serine
-
recombinant mutant L166V, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.22
L-serine
-
recombinant wild-type enzyme, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.000003
L-threonine
-
recombinant wild-type enzyme, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.00001
L-threonine
-
recombinant mutant L166A, pH 7.8, 37°C
0.000023
L-threonine
-
recombinant mutant L166V, pH 7.8, 37°C
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
TrpB1; gene trpB1, located adjacently to gene trpA in the trpCDEGFB1A operon
UniProt
brenda
TrpB2; gene trpB2, located outside the trpCDEGFB1A operon
UniProt
brenda
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
additional information
malfunction
the double-deletion mutant (DELTAtrpB1DELTAtrpB2) displays Trp auxotrophy, whereas individual single mutants (DELTAtrpB1 and DELTAtrpB2 strains) does not; the double-deletion mutant (DELTAtrpB1DELTAtrpB2) displays Trp auxotrophy, whereas individual single mutants (DELTAtrpB1 and DELTAtrpB2 strains) does not
malfunction
-
double-deletion mutant (DELTAtrpB1DELTAtrpB2) displays Trp auxotrophy, whereas individual single mutants (DELTAtrpB1 and DELTAtrpB2 strains) do not. To examine the capacity of TrpB1 and TrpB2 in Trp synthesis via indole salvage, DtrpEB1 and DtrpEB2 mutant strains are constructed using strain KUW1 (DELTApyrFDtrpE) as a host, eliminating the route for endogenous indole synthesis. Indole complements the Trp auxotrophies of DELTAtrpEB1 (DELTApyrFDELTAtrpEDELTAtrpB1) and DELTAtrpEB2 (DELTApyrFDELTAtrpEDELTAtrpB2) to similar levels. The results indicate that TrpB1 and TrpB2 both contribute to Trp biosynthesis in Thermococcus kodakarensis and can utilize free indole, and that indolesalvage does not necessarily rely on TrpB2 to a greater extent
metabolism
the last two steps of L-tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis are catalyzed by Trp synthase, a heterotetramer composed of TrpA and TrpB. TrpB catalyzes the condensation of indole, synthesized by TrpA, and serine to Trp. TrpB2 catalyzes the TrpB reaction but does not interact with TrpA as in the case of TrpB1. TrpB1 and TrpB2 both contribute to Trp biosynthesis in Thermococcus kodakarensis and can utilize free indole, and indole salvage does not necessarily rely on TrpB2 to a greater extent; the last two steps of L-tryptophan (Trp) biosynthesis are catalyzed by Trp synthase, a heterotetramer composed of TrpA and TrpB. TrpB catalyzes the condensation of indole, synthesized by TrpA, and serine to Trp. TrpB2 catalyzes the TrpB reaction but does not interact with TrpA as in the case of TrpB1. TrpB1 and TrpB2 both contribute to Trp biosynthesis in Thermococcus kodakarensis and can utilize free indole, and indole salvage does not necessarily rely on TrpB2 to a greater extent
physiological function
-
TrpB2 acts as an indole rescue protein, which prevents the escape of this costly hydrophobic metabolite from the cell at the high growth temperatures of hyperthermophiles
physiological function
trpB2 contributes in Trp biosynthesis
physiological function
-
tryptophan synthase (TrpS) catalyzes the final steps in the biosynthesis of L-tryptophan from L-serine (Ser) and indole-3-glycerol phosphate (IGP). Native TrpS can also catalyze a productive reaction with L-threonine (Thr), leading to (2S,3S)-beta-methyltryptophan
physiological function
the enzyme is part of the tryptophan synthase complex. Indole formation is catalyzed by the alpha-subunit (TrpBalpha), L-tryptophan production is catalyzed by the beta-subunit (TrpBbeta)
additional information
-
leucine residue Leu166 (betaL166) is in close proximity to the beta-position of the alpha-aminoacrylate species
additional information
-
leucine residue Leu166 (betaL166) is in close proximity to the beta-position of the alpha-aminoacrylate species
-
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
Sequence
A0A3G7BR25_9PSED
157
0
17539
TrEMBL
A0A3G7PUD9_9PSED
157
0
17288
TrEMBL
A0A3G7KMM4_9PSED
157
0
17286
TrEMBL
TRPB1_THEKO
Thermococcus kodakarensis (strain ATCC BAA-918 / JCM 12380 / KOD1)
389
0
42603
Swiss-Prot
TRPB2_THEKO
Thermococcus kodakarensis (strain ATCC BAA-918 / JCM 12380 / KOD1)
442
0
49262
Swiss-Prot
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
heterotetramer
Trp synthase is a heterotetramer composed of TrpA and TrpB, TrpA and TrpB1 assemble to form an alphabetabetaalpha heterotetramer
additional information
additional information
complex formation of TrpB1 and TrpB2 with TrpA is analyzed by gel filtration; complex formation of TrpB1 and TrpB2 with TrpA is analyzed by gel filtration, TrpA and TrpB2 do not form a complex
additional information
complex formation of TrpB1 and TrpB2 with TrpA is analyzed by gel filtration; complex formation of TrpB1 and TrpB2 with TrpA is analyzed by gel filtration, TrpA and TrpB2 do not form a complex
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
I16V/E17G/Q89L/F95L/T292S/V384A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant PfTrpB2B9 exhibits a 6000fold higher activity with L-Thr compared to wild-type
T292S
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits a 6fold higher activity with L-Thr compared to wild-type
T292S/E17G/I68V/F274S/T321A
-
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutant exhibits a 660old higher activity with L-Thr compared to wild-type
L166A
-
site-directed mutagenesis the beta-subunit, the mutant shows altered substrate specificity compared to the wild-type enzyme
L166V
-
site-directed mutagenesis of the beta-subunit, the mutant shows altered substrate specificity compared to the wild-type enzyme, single-step enzymatic synthesis of beta-methyl-Trp derivatives, overview. Although 2-, 4-, 6- or 7-substituted indoles are accepted by StTrpS beta-L66V, along with L-Thr, 5-subsituted indoles prove to be very poor substrates for the enzyme. Variant beta-L166V can better accommodate L-Thr as a substrate
L166A
-
site-directed mutagenesis the beta-subunit, the mutant shows altered substrate specificity compared to the wild-type enzyme
-
L166V
-
site-directed mutagenesis of the beta-subunit, the mutant shows altered substrate specificity compared to the wild-type enzyme, single-step enzymatic synthesis of beta-methyl-Trp derivatives, overview. Although 2-, 4-, 6- or 7-substituted indoles are accepted by StTrpS beta-L66V, along with L-Thr, 5-subsituted indoles prove to be very poor substrates for the enzyme. Variant beta-L166V can better accommodate L-Thr as a substrate
-
additional information
additional information
biocatalytic production of psilocybin and derivatives in tryptophan synthase-enhanced reactions, in vitro reconstituted indole alkaloid synthesis pathway including enzyme PsiD, PsiK and PsiM, and ATP and S-adenosyl-L-methionine, method, overview. Assays run only with TrpB and PsiD result in identical chromatograms
additional information
-
usage of directed evolution to engineer TrpB from Pyrococcus furiosus (PfTrpB) to retain activity in the absence of its TrpA partner. Further engineering of this stand-alone enzyme achieves tha catalysis the of efficient beta-substitution of L-threonine (Thr), yielding (2S,3S)-beta-methyltryptophan (beta-MeTrp) in a single step
additional information
-
Pyrococcus furiosus enzyme engineering by directed evolution of selected TrpB mutant PfTrpB4D11 results in an modified improved enzyme, L-threonine may substitute for L-serine in the beta-substitution reaction of the engineered subunit of tryptophan synthase yielding (2S,3S)-beta-methyltryptophan (beta-MeTrp) in a single step. The trace activity of the wild-type beta-subunit on this substrate is enhanced more than 1000fold by directed evolution. Structural and spectroscopic data indicate that this increase is correlated with stabilization of the electrophilic aminoacrylate intermediate. The engineered biocatalyst also reacts with a variety of indole analogues and thiophenol for diastereoselective C-C, C-N, and C-S bond forming reactions. The new activity circumvents the 3-enzyme pathway that produces beta-MeTrp in nature and offers a simple and expandable route to preparing derivatives of this valuable building block
additional information
-
an engineered variant of tryptophan synthase from Salmonella enterica (StTrpS) can catalyse the efficient condensation of L-threonine and various indoles to generate bmTrp and derivatives in a single step. Although L-serine is the natural substrate for TrpS, targeted mutagenesis of the StTrpS active site provides a variant (bL166V) that can better accommodate L-Thr as a substrate. The condensation of L-Thr and indole proceeds with retention of configuration at both alpha- and beta-positions to give (2S,3S)-beta-methyl-Trp
additional information
-
an engineered variant of tryptophan synthase from Salmonella enterica (StTrpS) can catalyse the efficient condensation of L-threonine and various indoles to generate bmTrp and derivatives in a single step. Although L-serine is the natural substrate for TrpS, targeted mutagenesis of the StTrpS active site provides a variant (bL166V) that can better accommodate L-Thr as a substrate. The condensation of L-Thr and indole proceeds with retention of configuration at both alpha- and beta-positions to give (2S,3S)-beta-methyl-Trp
-
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PURIFICATION/commentary
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
recombinant C-terminally His-tagged wild-type and mutant enzymes from Escherichia coli strain BL21-A1(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography, ultrafiltration, and desalting gel filtration
-
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CLONED/commentary
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene trpB1, phylogenetic tree, expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21, transcript levels of trpB1 in the host, DELTAtrpB1 strains by quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis; gene trpB2, phylogenetic tree, expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21, transcript levels of trpB2 in the host, DELTAtrpB2 strains by quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis
recombinant expression of C-terminally His-tagged wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
-
recombinant expression of N-terminally His6-tagged TrpB in Escherichia coli strain KRX
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
transcript level of trpB1 (within the trp operon) increases by 110fold in Trp(-) medium compared to those in Trp(+) medium; transcript level of trpB2 increases by 45fold in Trp(-) medium compared to those in Trp(+) medium
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
synthesis
the enzyme participates in psilocybin formation from 4-hydroxyindole and L-serine, which are less cost-intensive substrates, compared to the previous method. The pharmaceutical interest in this psychotropic natural product as a future medication to treat depression and anxiety is strongly reemerging. Enzymatic production of 7-phosphoryloxytryptamine (isonorbaeocystin), a non-natural congener of the Psilocybe alkaloid norbaeocystin (4-phosphoryloxytryptamine), and of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) by means of the same in vitro approach
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Hettwer, S.; Sterner, R.
A novel tryptophan synthase beta-subunit from the hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima. Quaternary structure, steady-state kinetics, and putative physiological role
J. Biol. Chem.
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8194-8201
2002
Thermotoga maritima
brenda
Hiyama, T.; Sato, T.; Imanaka, T.; Atomi, H.
The tryptophan synthase beta-subunit paralogs TrpB1 and TrpB2 in Thermococcus kodakarensis are both involved in tryptophan biosynthesis and indole salvage
FEBS J.
281
3113-3125
2014
Thermococcus kodakarensis (Q5JDJ1), Thermococcus kodakarensis (Q9YGB0)
brenda
Buller, A.; Van Roye, P.; Murciano-Calles, J.; Arnold, F.
tryptophan synthase uses an atypical mechanism to achieve substrate specificity
Biochemistry
55
7043-7046
2016
Pyrococcus furiosus
brenda
Francis, D.; Winn, M.; Latham, J.; Greaney, M.; Micklefield, J.
An engineered tryptophan synthase opens new enzymatic pathways to beta-methyltryptophan and derivatives
ChemBioChem
18
382-386
2017
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 37845
brenda
Blei, F.; Baldeweg, F.; Fricke, J.; Hoffmeister, D.
Biocatalytic production of psilocybin and derivatives in tryptophan synthase-enhanced reactions
Chemistry
24
10028-10031
2018
Psilocybe cubensis (A0A2U8JPY3)
brenda
Hiyama, T.; Sato, T.; Imanaka, T.; Atomi, H.
The tryptophan synthase beta-subunit paralogs TrpB1 and TrpB2 in Thermococcus kodakarensis are both involved in tryptophan biosynthesis and indole salvage
FEBS J.
281
3113-3125
2014
Thermococcus kodakarensis
brenda
Herger, M.; Van Roye, P.; Romney, D.; Brinkmann-Chen, S.; Buller, A.; Arnold, F.
Synthesis of beta-branched tryptophan analogues using an engineered subunit of tryptophan synthase
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
138
8388-8391
2016
Pyrococcus furiosus
brenda
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