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2-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + D-fucopyranose
-
-
-
?
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + beta-D-galactopyranose
-
-
-
-
?
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + D-galactopyranose
-
-
-
?
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactoside
2-nitrophenol + beta-D-galactose
-
-
-
r
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
4-nitrophenyl alpha-L-arabinoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + L-arabinopyranose
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-fucopyranose
hydrolytic activity with 4-nitrophenyl substrates in the order of decreasing efficiency: 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-mannopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-galactopyranose
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-mannopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-mannopyranose
hydrolytic activity with 4-nitrophenyl substrates in the order of decreasing efficiency: 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-mannopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-xylopyranose
hydrolytic activity with 4-nitrophenyl substrates in the order of decreasing efficiency: 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-mannopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-L-arabinopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + L-arabinopyranose
cellobiose + H2O
2 D-glucose
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rd + ?
ginsenoside Rb2 + H2O
ginsenoside Y + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of the 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl linkage in panaxadiol, activity is higher than hydrolysis of the 20-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranose linkage in ginsenoside Y
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rc + H2O
ginsenoside Mc + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of the 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl linkage in panaxadiol, activity is higher than hydrolysis of the 20-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranose linkage in ginsenoside Y
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside K + D-glucopyranose
ginsenoside Y + H2O
ginsenoside K + L-arabinopyranose
hydrolysis of alpha-L-arabinopyranose linkage in 20-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranose, activity is lower than hydrolysis of the 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl linkage in panaxadiol
-
-
?
lactose + H2O
D-galactose + D-glucose
lactose + H2O
D-glucose + D-galactose
-
-
-
r
methyl beta-D-galactoside
methanol + beta-D-galactose
-
-
-
r
additional information
?
-
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl alpha-L-arabinoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + L-arabinopyranose
17% of the activity compared to 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl alpha-L-arabinoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + L-arabinopyranose
17% of the activity compared to 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-galactopyranose
hydrolytic activity with 4-nitrophenyl substrates in the order of decreasing efficiency: 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-mannopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-galactopyranose
28% of the activity compared to 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-galactopyranose
28% of the activity compared to 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
hydrolytic activity with 4-nitrophenyl substrates in the order of decreasing efficiency: 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-mannopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
hydrolytic activity with 4-nitrophenyl substrates in the order of decreasing efficiency: 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-mannopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-xylopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-L-arabinopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + L-arabinopyranose
8% of the activity compared to 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-L-arabinopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + L-arabinopyranose
8% of the activity compared to 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
?
cellobiose + H2O
2 D-glucose
-
-
-
?
cellobiose + H2O
2 D-glucose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rd + ?
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rd + ?
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside K + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside K + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside K + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of the 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl linkage in panaxadiol, activity is higher than hydrolysis of the 20-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranose linkage in ginsenoside Y
the enzyme does not convert compound Mc to compound K due to no activity for the alpha-L-arabinofuranose linkage in 20-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranose
-
?
lactose + H2O
D-galactose + D-glucose
-
-
-
?
lactose + H2O
D-galactose + D-glucose
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme shows low activity on the alpha-L-arabinofuranoside linkages in ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme additionally catalyzes transglycosylation reactions, making new beta(1->3) and beta(1->6) glycosidic bonds by intermolecular as well as intramolecular transfer reactions. The intramolecular galactosyl transfer of CelB yields beta-D-Galp-(1->6)-D-glucose and beta-D-Galp-(1->3)-D-glucose in a molar ratio of about 1 : 2. Galactosyl transfer from CelB to D-glucose occurs with partitioning ratios, kNu /kwater, which are 170 times those for the reactions of the galactosylated enzyme with 2-propanol. Therefore, the binding interactions with nucleophiles contribute chiefly to formation of new beta-glycosides during lactose conversion. Likewise, noncovalent interactions with the glucose leaving group govern the catalytic efficiencies for the hydrolysis of lactose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme additionally catalyzes transglycosylation reactions, making new beta(1->3) and beta(1->6) glycosidic bonds by intermolecular as well as intramolecular transfer reactions. The intramolecular galactosyl transfer of CelB yields beta-D-Galp-(1->6)-D-glucose and beta-D-Galp-(1->3)-D-glucose in a molar ratio of about 1 : 2. Galactosyl transfer from CelB to D-glucose occurs with partitioning ratios, kNu /kwater, which are 170 times those for the reactions of the galactosylated enzyme with 2-propanol. Therefore, the binding interactions with nucleophiles contribute chiefly to formation of new beta-glycosides during lactose conversion. Likewise, noncovalent interactions with the glucose leaving group govern the catalytic efficiencies for the hydrolysis of lactose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme shows low activity on the alpha-L-arabinofuranoside linkages in ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity toward aryl-alpha-glycosides or 4-nitrophenyl beta-L-arabinofuranoside. The enzyme exhibits transglycosylation activity with 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, and 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside in decreasing order of activity, in the reverse order of its hydrolytic activity. The hydrolytic activity is higher toward cellobiose than toward lactose, but the transglycosylation activity is lower with cellobiose than with lactose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme shows transglycosylation activity, producing close to 40% and 60% amounts of trisaccharide compared to the glucose in one h reaction with 100 and 200 g/l cellobiose, respectively
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity toward aryl-alpha-glycosides or 4-nitrophenyl beta-L-arabinofuranoside. The enzyme exhibits transglycosylation activity with 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside, 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, and 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside in decreasing order of activity, in the reverse order of its hydrolytic activity. The hydrolytic activity is higher toward cellobiose than toward lactose, but the transglycosylation activity is lower with cellobiose than with lactose
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme shows transglycosylation activity, producing close to 40% and 60% amounts of trisaccharide compared to the glucose in one h reaction with 100 and 200 g/l cellobiose, respectively
-
-
?
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0.116
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside
pH 5.5, 90°C
0.5 - 11
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside
1.1
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactoside
release of 2-nitrophenol, pH 7.5, 80°C
0.138
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
pH 5.5, 90°C
0.139
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-fucopyranoside
pH 5.5, 90°C
1.45
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside
pH 5.5, 90°C
0.318
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
pH 5.5, 90°C
196
lactose
release of D-glucose, pH 7.5, 80°C
192
methyl beta-D-galactoside
relase, of methanol, pH 7.5, 80°C
additional information
cellobiose
0.5
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside
-
pH 7.4, 30°C, presence of 80 mM 1-butanol
1
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside
-
pH 7.4, 30°C, absence of 1-butanol
3.18
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside
pH 5.5, 90°C
4
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside
-
pH 7.4, 75°C, absence of 1-butanol
11
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside
-
pH 7.4, 75°C, presence of 80 mM 1-butanol
additional information
cellobiose
wild-type, Km value 17 mg/ml, mutant V212T, 102 mg/ml, respectively, pH 5.0, 50°C
additional information
lactose
wild-type, Km value 101 mg/ml, mutant V212T, 75 mg/ml, respectively, pH 5.0, 50°C
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biotechnology
construction of a series of Sulfolobus-Escherichia coli shuttle vectors based on the small multicopy plasmid pRN1 from Sulfolobus islandicus. The shuttle vectors do not integrate into the genome and do not rearrange. They allow functional overexpression of genes, and the beta-glycosidase (lacS) gene of ulfolobus solfataricus could function as selectable marker in Suldfolobus solfataricus
biotechnology
-
construction of a series of Sulfolobus-Escherichia coli shuttle vectors based on the small multicopy plasmid pRN1 from Sulfolobus islandicus. The shuttle vectors do not integrate into the genome and do not rearrange. They allow functional overexpression of genes, and the beta-glycosidase (lacS) gene of ulfolobus solfataricus could function as selectable marker in Suldfolobus solfataricus
-
synthesis
enzyme is a potential producer of the rare ginsenosides compound K, compound Y, and compound Mc from the major ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd
synthesis
use of alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus, EC 3.2.1.55, along with beta-glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus to produce ginsenoside compound K from the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides in red-ginseng extract. The optimal reaction conditions are as follows: pH 6.0, 80°C, 2 U/ml Sulfolobus solfataricus enzyme, 3 U/ml Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus enzyme, and 7.5 g/l protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides. The enzymes produce 4.2 g/l ginsenoside compound K from 7.5 g/l ginsenosides in 12 h without other ginsenosides, with a molar yield of 100% and a productivity of 348 mg/l/h
synthesis
-
enzyme is a potential producer of the rare ginsenosides compound K, compound Y, and compound Mc from the major ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd
-
synthesis
-
use of alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus, EC 3.2.1.55, along with beta-glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus to produce ginsenoside compound K from the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides in red-ginseng extract. The optimal reaction conditions are as follows: pH 6.0, 80°C, 2 U/ml Sulfolobus solfataricus enzyme, 3 U/ml Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus enzyme, and 7.5 g/l protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides. The enzymes produce 4.2 g/l ginsenoside compound K from 7.5 g/l ginsenosides in 12 h without other ginsenosides, with a molar yield of 100% and a productivity of 348 mg/l/h
-
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Petzelbauer, I.; Reiter, A.; Splechtna, B.; Kosma, P.; Nidetzky, B.
Transgalactosylation by thermostable beta-glycosidases from Pyrococcus furiosus and Sulfolobus solfataricus. Binding interactions of nucleophiles with the galactosylated enzyme intermediate make major contributions to the formation of new beta-glycosides
Eur. J. Biochem.
267
5055-5066
2000
Saccharolobus solfataricus (P22498), Saccharolobus solfataricus DSM 1617 (P22498)
brenda
Park, A.R.; Kim, H.J.; Lee, J.K.; Oh, D.K.
Hydrolysis and transglycosylation activity of a thermostable recombinant beta-glycosidase from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol.
160
2236-2247
2010
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (P14288), Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (P14288)
brenda
D'Auria, S.; Nucci, R.; Rossi, M.; Bertoli, E.; Tanfani, F.; Gryczynski, I.; Malak, H.; Lakowicz, J.R.
beta-Glycosidase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus: structure and activity in the presence of alcohols
J. Biochem.
126
545-552
1999
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
brenda
Noh, K.H.; Oh, D.K.
Production of the rare ginsenosides compound K, compound Y, and compound Mc by a thermostable beta-glycosidase from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
Biol. Pharm. Bull.
32
1830-1835
2009
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (P14288), Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (P14288)
brenda
Shin, K.C.; Choi, H.Y.; Seo, M.J.; Oh, D.K.
Compound K production from red ginseng extract by beta-glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus supplemented with alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus
PLoS One
10
e0145876
2015
Saccharolobus solfataricus (P22498), Saccharolobus solfataricus DSM 1617 (P22498)
brenda
Anbarasan, S.; Timoharju, T.; Barthomeuf, J.; Pastinen, O.; Rouvinen, J.; Leisola, M.; Turunen, O.
Effect of active site mutation on pH activity and transglycosylation ofSulfolobus acidocaldarius beta-glycosidase
J. Mol. Catal. B
118
62-69
2015
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (P14288), Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639 (P14288)
-
brenda
Berkner, S.; Grogan, D.; Albers, S.V.; Lipps, G.
Small multicopy, non-integrative shuttle vectors based on the plasmid pRN1 for Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and Sulfolobus solfataricus, model organisms of the (cren-)archaea
Nucleic Acids Res.
35
e88
2007
Saccharolobus solfataricus (P22498), Saccharolobus solfataricus DSM 1617 (P22498)
brenda