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Information on EC 2.4.1.165 - N-acetylneuraminylgalactosylglucosyl-glucoside beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC2.4.1.165
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EC Tree 2 Transferases
2.4 Glycosyltransferases
2.4.1 Hexosyltransferases
2.4.1.165 N-acetylneuraminylgalactosylglucosyl-glucoside beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
IUBMB Comments
Requires Mn2+. The enzyme, found in mammals, is only active with substrates containing (2→3) linked sialic acid residues [2,3]. It is active with glycoproteins, but not with gangliosides. The enzyme is involved in synthesis of the blood group antigen Sda.
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
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an alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-R
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an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-R
Synonyms
galgt2, beta4galnact-ii, ct galnac transferase, beta4galnac-t, udp-galnac:beta1,4-n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, beta-1,4-n-acetylgalactosyltransferase ii, cytotoxic t cell galnac transferase, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-acetylneuraminyl(alpha2-->3)galactosyl(beta1-->4)glucosyl beta1-->4-
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B4GALNT2
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CT GalNAc transferase
N-acetylneuraminylgalactosylglucosylceramide beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
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incorrect
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Sda-beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
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Sda-beta-GalNAc-transferase
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UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl(1<->1)ceramide 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
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incorrect
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UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
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incorrect
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UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine:N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-alpha-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
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incorrect
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uridine diphosphoacetylgalactosamine-acetylneuraminyl(alpha2->3)galactosyl(beta1->4)glucosyl beta1->4-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
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additional information
the short- and long-form human Sd(alpha) beta4GalNAcT-II transcripts are composed of different exon 1, exon 1S, and exon 1L
CT GalNAc transferase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + an alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-R = UDP + an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-R
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hexosyl group transfer
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine:alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-R 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase
Requires Mn2+. The enzyme, found in mammals, is only active with substrates containing (2->3) linked sialic acid residues [2,3]. It is active with glycoproteins, but not with gangliosides. The enzyme is involved in synthesis of the blood group antigen Sda.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
109136-50-7
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha(2-3)-sialylated glycoprotein
UDP + GalNAc-beta(1-4)(Neu5Ac(2-3))Gal-beta-1-protein
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha1-acid glycoprotein
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminyl-alpha1-acid glycoprotein
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + di-sialyl-lacto-N-tetraose
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminyl-di-sialyl-lacto-N-tetraose
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + fetuin
UDP + ?
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + glycophorin
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminyl glycophorin
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Substrates: good acceptor
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + glycophorin A
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminyl glycophorin A
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Substrates: weak activity
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + human chorionic gonadotropin
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminyl human chorionic gonadotropin
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + Neu5Ac-alpha(2-3)Gal-beta(1-3)GlcNAc-beta-1-O-benzyl
UDP + ?
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)GlcNAc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: responsible for addition of the immunodominant sugar of the Sda-isto-blood-group determinant
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: enzymic activity correlates with the degree of enterocytic differentiation
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: overexpression of the enzyme in skeletal muscles inhibits muscular dystrophy in mdx mice. The enzyme produces the terminal beta1,4GalNAc linkage on the cytotoxic T cell carbohydrate antigen which is also localized to the neuromuscular junction in adult animals
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: the enzyme can affect the post-translational processing of dystroglycan and the extent of muscular dystrophy even in muscles where the VIA4-1 antigen is not present
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: -
Products: -
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?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha1-acid glycoprotein
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminyl-alpha1-acid glycoprotein
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha1-acid glycoprotein
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminyl-alpha1-acid glycoprotein
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + asialofetuin
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminylasialofetuin
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + asialofetuin
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminylasialofetuin
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Substrates: -
Products: -
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?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + fetuin
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminylfetuin
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + fetuin
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminylfetuin
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + human chorionic gonadotropin
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminyl human chorionic gonadotropin
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + human chorionic gonadotropin
UDP + N-acetylgalactosaminyl human chorionic gonadotropin
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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Substrates: i.e. 3'-sialyllactose
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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Substrates: strictly requires the presence of sialic acid in alpha-2,3-linkage to subterminal galactose
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
Substrates: responsible for the final step in the formation of the Sda/Cad antigenic epitopes, Sd(alpha) beta4GalNAcT-II mRNA transcript is drastically reduced in oncogenetic processes in gastrointestinal tissues
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)GlcNAc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)GlcNAc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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Substrates: i.e. 3'-sialyllactosamine
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)GlcNAc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
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Substrates: the enzyme strictly requires the presence in acceptors of NeuAc in alpha2,3-linkage to subterminal galactose
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
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Substrates: involved in formation of blood group Sda/CAD antigen
Products: -
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?
additional information
?
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Substrates: analysis of acceptor substrate specificity, no substrate: ganglioside GM3, 3-sulfolactose, 3-O-methylcarboxyllactose
Products: -
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?
additional information
?
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Substrates: the enzyme strictly recognizes the NeuAcalpha2,3Galbeta terminal sequence of N- and O-linked oligosaccharides bound to glycoproteins
Products: -
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?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + NeuAcalpha(2-3)Galbeta(1-4)Glc
UDP + GalNAcbeta(1-4)(NeuAcalpha(2-3))Galbeta(1-4)Glc
Substrates: responsible for the final step in the formation of the Sda/Cad antigenic epitopes, Sd(alpha) beta4GalNAcT-II mRNA transcript is drastically reduced in oncogenetic processes in gastrointestinal tissues
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
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Substrates: involved in formation of blood group Sda/CAD antigen
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: responsible for addition of the immunodominant sugar of the Sda-isto-blood-group determinant
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: enzymic activity correlates with the degree of enterocytic differentiation
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: overexpression of the enzyme in skeletal muscles inhibits muscular dystrophy in mdx mice. The enzyme produces the terminal beta1,4GalNAc linkage on the cytotoxic T cell carbohydrate antigen which is also localized to the neuromuscular junction in adult animals
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: the enzyme can affect the post-translational processing of dystroglycan and the extent of muscular dystrophy even in muscles where the VIA4-1 antigen is not present
Products: -
Products: -
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide
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Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Mn2+
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
n-octylglucoside
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20-30% enhancement of activity with the proteins that behave as good acceptors: fetuin, alpha1-glycoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin. 3fold enhancement of activity of the poor acceptor glycophorin
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Carcinoma
Molecular cloning of the human beta1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase responsible for the biosynthesis of the Sd(a) histo-blood group antigen: the sequence predicts a very long cytoplasmic domain.
Colonic Neoplasms
Biosynthesis and expression of the Sda and sialyl Lewis x antigens in normal and cancer colon.
Colorectal Neoplasms
Biosynthesis and expression of the Sda and sialyl Lewis x antigens in normal and cancer colon.
Gastrointestinal Neoplasms
Expression of the human Sd(a) beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase II gene is dependent on the promoter methylation status.
Leukemia
Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of chronic lymphocytic leukemia allows identification of epigenetically repressed molecular pathways with clinical impact.
Muscular Diseases
Overexpression of Galgt2 reduces dystrophic pathology in the skeletal muscles of alpha sarcoglycan-deficient mice.
Muscular Dystrophies
B4GALNT2 (GALGT2) Gene Therapy Reduces Skeletal Muscle Pathology in the FKRP P448L Mouse Model of Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 2I.
Muscular Dystrophies
Comparative Proteomic Profiling of Dystroglycan-Associated Proteins in Wild Type, mdx, and Galgt2 Transgenic Mouse Skeletal Muscle.
Muscular Dystrophies
Deletion of Galgt2 (B4Galnt2) reduces muscle growth in response to acute injury and increases muscle inflammation and pathology in dystrophin-deficient mice.
Muscular Dystrophies
Overexpression of Galgt2 in skeletal muscle prevents injury resulting from eccentric contractions in both mdx and wild-type mice.
Muscular Dystrophies
Overexpression of Galgt2 reduces dystrophic pathology in the skeletal muscles of alpha sarcoglycan-deficient mice.
Muscular Dystrophies
Overexpression of the CT GalNAc transferase inhibits muscular dystrophy in a cleavage-resistant dystroglycan mutant mouse.
Muscular Dystrophies
Overexpression of the cytotoxic T cell GalNAc transferase in skeletal muscle inhibits muscular dystrophy in mdx mice.
Muscular Dystrophies
Postnatal overexpression of the CT GalNAc transferase inhibits muscular dystrophy in mdx mice without altering muscle growth or neuromuscular development: evidence for a utrophin-independent mechanism.
Muscular Dystrophies
Soluble Heparin Binding Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Growth Factor Is a Regulator of GALGT2 Expression and GALGT2-Dependent Muscle and Neuromuscular Phenotypes.
Muscular Dystrophies
The synaptic CT carbohydrate modulates binding and expression of extracellular matrix proteins in skeletal muscle: partial dependence on utrophin.
Muscular Dystrophies
Vascular Delivery of rAAVrh74.MCK.GALGT2 to the Gastrocnemius Muscle of the Rhesus Macaque Stimulates the Expression of Dystrophin and Laminin ?2 Surrogates.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
B4GALNT2 (GALGT2) Gene Therapy Reduces Skeletal Muscle Pathology in the FKRP P448L Mouse Model of Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 2I.
Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle
Overexpression of Galgt2 reduces dystrophic pathology in the skeletal muscles of alpha sarcoglycan-deficient mice.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Congenital muscular dystrophies involving the O-mannose pathway.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Deletion of Galgt2 (B4Galnt2) reduces muscle growth in response to acute injury and increases muscle inflammation and pathology in dystrophin-deficient mice.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
Overexpression of Galgt2 in skeletal muscle prevents injury resulting from eccentric contractions in both mdx and wild-type mice.
Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne
The modulation of skeletal muscle glycosylation as a potential therapeutic intervention in muscular dystrophies.
Stomach Neoplasms
Expression of the human Sd(a) beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase II gene is dependent on the promoter methylation status.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7.5
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
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enzymic activity correlates with the degree of enterocytic differentiation
brenda
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colon mucosa or colon carcinoma cell line CaCo-2, not in cell lines SW-948, SW-948FL, SW-480, SW-48, SW-1417, COLO-205, LOVO or HT-29
brenda
additional information
other cell lines than differentiated Caco2 cells or normal colonic mucosa show low level of enzyme
brenda
additional information
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other cell lines than differentiated Caco2 cells or normal colonic mucosa show low level of enzyme
brenda
additional information
detected in various amounts in all cell types studied
brenda
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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large amounts of the enzyme is released in soluble form, particularly when CaCo-2 cells are maintained in culture for more than 3 weeks in order to ensure an higher degree of enterocyte differentiation
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brenda
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
protein has a typical type II glycosyltransferase organization and a 67 amino acid cytoplasmic tail
additional information
-
protein has a typical type II glycosyltransferase organization and a 67 amino acid cytoplasmic tail
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POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
medicine
medicine
-
the enzyme can alter alpha dystroglycan glycosylation, either directly or indirectly, in ways that may be therapeutic even in congenital muscular dystrophies where the glycosylation of dystroglycan is abnormal
medicine
-
Galgt2 overexpression inhibits muscular dystrophy in old dystrophic muscles and may have therapeutic impact in many types of muscle injury
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Takeya, A.; Hosomi, O.; Kogure, T.
Identification and characterization of UDP-GalNAc: NeuAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-4Glc(NAc) beta 1-4(GalNAc to Gal)N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase in human blood plasma
J. Biochem.
101
251-259
1987
Homo sapiens
brenda
Malagolini, N.; Dall'Olio, F.; Serafini-Cessi, F.
UDP-GalNAc: NeuAc alpha 2,3Gal beta-R (GalNAc to Gal) beta 1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase responsible for the Sda specificity in human colon carcinoma CaCo-2 cell line
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
180
681-686
1991
Homo sapiens
brenda
Morton, J.A.; Pickles, M.M.; Vanhegan, R.I.
The Sda antigen in the human kidney and colon
Immunol. Invest.
17
217-224
1988
Homo sapiens
brenda
Malagolini, N.; Dall'Olio, F.; Guerrini, S.; Serafini-Cessi, F.
Identification and characterization of the Sda beta1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from pig large intestine
Glycoconj. J.
11
89-95
1994
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
brenda
Serafini-Cessi, F.; Malagolini, N.; Guerrini, S.; Turrini, I.
A soluble form of Sda-beta1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase is released by differentiated human colon carcinoma CaCo-2 cells
Glycoconj. J.
12
773-779
1995
Homo sapiens
brenda
Nguyen, H.H.; Jayasinha, V.; Xia, B.; Hoyte, K.; Martin, P.T.
Overexpression of the cytotoxic T cell GalNAc transferase in skeletal muscle inhibits muscular dystrophy in mdx mice
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
99
5616-5621
2002
Mus musculus
brenda
Jayasinha, V.; Hoyte, K.; Xia, B.; Martin, P.T.
Overexpression of the CT GalNAc transferase inhibits muscular dystrophy in a cleavage-resistant dystroglycan mutant mouse
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
302
831-836
2003
Mus musculus
brenda
Montiel, M.D.; Krzewinski-Recchi, M.A.; Delannoy, P.; Harduin-Lepers, A.
Molecular cloning, gene organization and expression of the human UDP-GalNAc:Neu5Acalpha2-3Galbeta-R beta1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase responsible for the biosynthesis of the blood group Sda/Cad antigen: evidence for an unusual extended cytoplasmic domain
Biochem. J.
373
369-379
2003
Homo sapiens (Q8NHY0)
brenda
Lo Presti, L.; Cabuy, E.; Chiricolo, M.; Dall'Olio, F.
Molecular cloning of the human beta1,4N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase responsible for the biosynthesis of the Sda histo-blood group antigen: The sequence predicts a very long cytoplasmic domain
J. Biochem.
134
675-682
2003
Homo sapiens (Q8NHY0), Homo sapiens
brenda
Wang, H.R.; Hsieh, C.Y.; Twu, Y.C.; Yu, L.C.
Expression of the human Sda beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase II gene is dependent on the promoter methylation status
Glycobiology
18
104-113
2008
Homo sapiens (Q8NHY0), Homo sapiens
brenda
Martin, P.T.; Xu, R.; Rodino-Klapac, L.R.; Oglesbay, E.; Camboni, M.; Montgomery, C.L.; Shontz, K.; Chicoine, L.G.; Clark, K.R.; Sahenk, Z.; Mendell, J.R.; Janssen, P.M.
Overexpression of Galgt2 in skeletal muscle prevents injury resulting from eccentric contractions in both mdx and wild-type mice
Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.
296
C476-C488
2009
Mus musculus
brenda
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