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6-O-dansyl-N-acetylglucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
?
Kluyveromyces bulgaricus
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
Kluyveromyces bulgaricus
-
-
-
-
?
chitobiose + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
UDP + 1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)x
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-GlcNAc + GlcNAc
UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
UDP + 1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)2
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [(1-4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-]n
UDP + [(1-4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-]n+1
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1-)]n
UDP + [4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1-)]n+1
additional information
?
-
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
UDP + 1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)2
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
UDP + 1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)2
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
UDP + 1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)2
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
UDP + 1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)2
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
UDP + 1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)2
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
UDP + 1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)2
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [(1-4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-]n
UDP + [(1-4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [(1-4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-]n
UDP + [(1-4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
key enzyme in chitin biosynthesis
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
Amylomyces rouxii IM-80 / CCUG 22422 / CBS 416.77 / CCM F-220 / DSM 1191 / ATCC 24905
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
Apodachlya sp.
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthase B is essential for hyphal growth
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthase 1 is involved in repair functions at the end of cytokinesis, chitin synthase 2 is responsible for the synthesis of the primary septum that separates mother and daughter cells, chitin synthase 3 is responsible for the formation of the ring where most of the cell wall chitin is located
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
deletion of chsE causes a significant decrease in the chitin content of the cell wall during early sexual development. Expression of chsE is increased by substituting glucose with lactose or by addition of 0.6 M KCl or NaCl, but affected little by substituting glucose with sodium acetate. ChsE has a mode of expression distinct from those of the other chitin synthase genes, chsA, chsB and chsC
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
subapical branching may be regulated though an interplay between chitinolytic enzymes and chitin synthases, chitin synthase B may represent the main chitin synthase activity involved in apical hyphal extension
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
the enzyme is likely to be essential to oogenesis and embryonic development
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthase III from Candida albicans plays an important role in maintaining cell wall integrity, being essential when invading surrounding tissues. Candida albicans strains deficient in CHS7, a key regulator of chitin synthase III, exhibit morphogenetic alterations and attenuated virulence
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
Chlorovirus CVK2
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
Chlorovirus CVK2
-
chlorovirus CVK2 encodes a chitin synthase gene and produces hairy chitin polysaccharides on the infected cell surface
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
chitin
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthase activity is required for normal development of nematodes and removal of this activity delays emergency of juveniles in Meloidogyne artiellia
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
Mortierella candelabrum
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
Mortierella pusilla
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
chitin
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
existence of a unique secretory pathway based on chitosome microvesicles as the main conveyors of chitin synthetase to the cell surface
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
chitin
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
chitin
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
chitin
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
the enzyme itself is capable both of initiating chitin chains without a primer and of determining their length
at low concentrations of UDP-GlcNAc, no insoluble chitin is formed. Instead N-acetylglucosamine is incorporated into water-soluble products
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthetase 2 is responsible for chitin synthesis in vivo, chitin synthase 1 is not essential
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthetase 2 is the physiological agent for chitin deposition in strains with a disrupted CHS1 gene
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthetase 2 is essential for primary septum formation, chitin synthetase 1 is a repair enzyme
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
chitin synthase III activity is required for remedial septa formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
most chitin is synthesized by Chs3p, which deposites chitin in the lateral cell wall and in the bud-neck region during cell division. Chs3p-dependent chitin synthesis is regulated both by the level of intermediates of the UDP-GlcNAc-biosynthetic pathways and by an increase in the activity of the enzyme in the plasma membrane
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
chitin
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1-)]n
UDP + [4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1-)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1-)]n
UDP + [4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1-)]n+1
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
method optimzation to assay chitin synthase activity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
ChsA and ChsC share overlapping roles in septum formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
ChsA and ChsC share overlapping roles in septum formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CsmA and CsmB play compensatory roles that are essential for normal tip growth
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CsmA and CsmB play compensatory roles that are essential for normal tip growth
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CsmA and CsmB play compensatory roles that are essential for normal tip growth
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chitin synthase, CsmA contains a myosin motor-like domain
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chs-1 is critical for eggshell production. Complete loss of function in a chs-1 deletion results in embryos that lack chitin in their eggshells and fail to divide
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
knocking down chs-2 by RNAi causes a defect in the pharynx and leads to L1 larval arrest, indicating that chitin is involved in the development and function of the pharynx
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chitin synthesis and hydrolysis are not coupled, but both are regulated during yeast - hyphe morphogenesis in Candida albicans
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
class II CaChs1p is involved in septum formation in both the yeast and hyphal forms and for cell integrity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the hyphal-specific chitin synthase gene CHS2 is not essential for growth, dimorphism, or virulence. The class I CaChs2p enzyme is responsible for part of the hyphal chitin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the chitin synthase with a myosin-like motor domain is essential for hyphal growth, appressorium differentiation, and pathogenicity of the maize anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the chitin synthase with a myosin-like motor domain is essential for hyphal growth, appressorium differentiation, and pathogenicity of the maize anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the chitin synthase with a myosin-like motor domain is essential for hyphal growth, appressorium differentiation, and pathogenicity of the maize anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 is the most important chitin synthase for vegetative growth. Deletion of chs3 gene leads to cell death at 37°C
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS3 is the most important chitin synthase for vegetative growth. Deletion of chs3 gene leads to cell death at 37°C
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
insect development is dependent on the precisely tuned expression of chitin synthase genes. Ecdysterone has a regulatory role on CHS-1 (DmeChSB) and CHS-2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
WdChs1p is more responsible than WdChs2p for normal yeast cell reproductive growth because strains with defects in the latter exhibited no morphological abnormalities, whereas those with defects in WdChs1p are frequently impaired in one or more yeast developmental processes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
WdChs1p is more responsible than WdChs2p for normal yeast cell reproductive growth because strains with defects in the latter exhibited no morphological abnormalities, whereas those with defects in WdChs1p are frequently impaired in one or more yeast developmental processes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
class V chitin synthase is required for sustained cell growth at the temperature of infection, 37°C, with increased WdCHS5 mRNA synthesis being the major factor responsible for the increased WdCHS5 transcript
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
class V chitin synthase is required for sustained cell growth at the temperature of infection, 37°C, with increased WdCHS5 mRNA synthesis being the major factor responsible for the increased WdCHS5 transcript
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
class VII chitin synthase involved in septation is critical for pathogenicity in Fusarium oxysporum, gene chsVb is likely to function in polarized growth and confirm the critical importance of cell wall integrity in the complex infection process of this fungus, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
class VII chitin synthase involved in septation is critical for pathogenicity in Fusarium oxysporum, gene chsVb is likely to function in polarized growth and confirm the critical importance of cell wall integrity in the complex infection process of this fungus, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
MsCHS1 appears to be inversely regulated because its mRNA is detectable only during the molt at the time when tracheal growth occurs at the basal site of the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
MsCHS1 appears to be inversely regulated because its mRNA is detectable only during the molt at the time when tracheal growth occurs at the basal site of the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MsCHS1 appears to be inversely regulated because its mRNA is detectable only during the molt at the time when tracheal growth occurs at the basal site of the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
chitin synthesis is controlled by an intestinal proteolytic signalling cascade linking chitin synthase activity to the nutritional state of the larvae, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chitin synthesis is controlled by an intestinal proteolytic signalling cascade linking chitin synthase activity to the nutritional state of the larvae, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 interacts with the extracellular chymotrypsin-like protease CTLP1 in the midgut, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS2 interacts with the extracellular chymotrypsin-like protease CTLP1 in the midgut, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Chs4p (Cal2/Csd4/Skt5) is a protein factor physically interacting with Chs3p, the catalytic subunit of chitin synthase III (CSIII), and is indispensable for its enzymatic activity in vivo. Abolition of Chs4p prenylation causes about 60% decrease in CSIII activity, which is correlated with about 30% decrease in chitin content. Lack of Chs4p prenylation decreases the average chain length of the chitin polymer
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Chs2 synthesizes the primary septum after mitosis is completed. It is essential for proper cell separation and expected to be highly regulated. Chs2 is hyperactivated by a soluble yeast protease, which is expressed during logarithmic growth phase, when budding cells require Chs2 activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Chs4p is required for chitin synthase III activity and hence for chitin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Chs4p is required for chitin synthase III activity and hence for chitin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
proper CSIII turnover is maintained through the endocytic internalization of Chs3p, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
proper CSIII turnover is maintained through the endocytic internalization of Chs3p, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
formation of chitin oligosaccharides and insoluble chitin, and by replacing GlcNAc with 2-acylamido analogues of GlcNAc. Synthesis of chitin oligosaccharides is strongly dependent on inclusion of GlcNAc in chitin synthase incubations, and N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is the major reaction product. Formation of both chitin oligosaccharides and insoluble chitin is also stimulated by GlcNAc2 and by N-propanoyl-, N-butanoyl-, and N-glycolylglucosamine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
formation of chitin oligosaccharides and insoluble chitin, and by replacing GlcNAc with 2-acylamido analogues of GlcNAc. Synthesis of chitin oligosaccharides is strongly dependent on inclusion of GlcNAc in chitin synthase incubations, and N,N'-diacetylchitobiose is the major reaction product. Formation of both chitin oligosaccharides and insoluble chitin is also stimulated by GlcNAc2 and by N-propanoyl-, N-butanoyl-, and N-glycolylglucosamine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Chs2 synthesizes the primary septum after mitosis is completed. It is essential for proper cell separation and expected to be highly regulated. Chs2 is hyperactivated by a soluble yeast protease, which is expressed during logarithmic growth phase, when budding cells require Chs2 activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
chitin synthase B is very important in midgut formation and development
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chitin synthase B is very important in midgut formation and development
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme is involved in larval development, and is important for the growth and development of cuticles and trachea in the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in larval development, and is important for the growth and development of cuticles and trachea in the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Chitin synthases are large membrane proteins that catalyze the polymerization of N-acetylglucosamine into chitin, a major component of the exoskeletons and peritrophic membranes of insects
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Chitin synthases are large membrane proteins that catalyze the polymerization of N-acetylglucosamine into chitin, a major component of the exoskeletons and peritrophic membranes of insects
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
RNAi-mediated down-regulation of TcCHS2, but not TcCHS1, leads to cessation of feeding, a dramatic shrinkage in larval size and reduced chitin content in the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
RNAi-mediated down-regulation of TcCHS2, but not TcCHS1, leads to cessation of feeding, a dramatic shrinkage in larval size and reduced chitin content in the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
splice variant 8a of TcCHS1 is required for both the larval-pupal and pupal-adult moults, whereas splice variant 8b is required only for the latter
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
splice variant 8a of TcCHS1 is required for both the larval-pupal and pupal-adult moults, whereas splice variant 8b is required only for the latter
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
chitin, synthesized by chitin synthase, is essential for the structural integrity of the exoskeletal cuticle and midgut peritrophic membrane of insects
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
chitin, synthesized by chitin synthase, is essential for the structural integrity of the exoskeletal cuticle and midgut peritrophic membrane of insects
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chitin, synthesized by chitin synthase, is essential for the structural integrity of the exoskeletal cuticle and midgut peritrophic membrane of insects
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS catalyzes the synthesis of chitin, the beta-1,4-linked polymer of N-acetylglucosamine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS catalyzes the synthesis of chitin, the beta-1,4-linked polymer of N-acetylglucosamine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS catalyzes the synthesis of chitin, the beta-1,4-linked polymer of N-acetylglucosamine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
additional information
?
-
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n
UDP + [(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
key enzyme in chitin biosynthesis
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthase B is essential for hyphal growth
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthase 1 is involved in repair functions at the end of cytokinesis, chitin synthase 2 is responsible for the synthesis of the primary septum that separates mother and daughter cells, chitin synthase 3 is responsible for the formation of the ring where most of the cell wall chitin is located
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
deletion of chsE causes a significant decrease in the chitin content of the cell wall during early sexual development. Expression of chsE is increased by substituting glucose with lactose or by addition of 0.6 M KCl or NaCl, but affected little by substituting glucose with sodium acetate. ChsE has a mode of expression distinct from those of the other chitin synthase genes, chsA, chsB and chsC
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
subapical branching may be regulated though an interplay between chitinolytic enzymes and chitin synthases, chitin synthase B may represent the main chitin synthase activity involved in apical hyphal extension
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
the enzyme is likely to be essential to oogenesis and embryonic development
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthase III from Candida albicans plays an important role in maintaining cell wall integrity, being essential when invading surrounding tissues. Candida albicans strains deficient in CHS7, a key regulator of chitin synthase III, exhibit morphogenetic alterations and attenuated virulence
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
Chlorovirus CVK2
-
chlorovirus CVK2 encodes a chitin synthase gene and produces hairy chitin polysaccharides on the infected cell surface
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthase activity is required for normal development of nematodes and removal of this activity delays emergency of juveniles in Meloidogyne artiellia
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
existence of a unique secretory pathway based on chitosome microvesicles as the main conveyors of chitin synthetase to the cell surface
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
-
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthetase 2 is responsible for chitin synthesis in vivo, chitin synthase 1 is not essential
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthetase 2 is the physiological agent for chitin deposition in strains with a disrupted CHS1 gene
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
chitin synthetase 2 is essential for primary septum formation, chitin synthetase 1 is a repair enzyme
-
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
chitin synthase III activity is required for remedial septa formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
ChsA and ChsC share overlapping roles in septum formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
ChsA and ChsC share overlapping roles in septum formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CsmA and CsmB play compensatory roles that are essential for normal tip growth
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CsmA and CsmB play compensatory roles that are essential for normal tip growth
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CsmA and CsmB play compensatory roles that are essential for normal tip growth
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chs-1 is critical for eggshell production. Complete loss of function in a chs-1 deletion results in embryos that lack chitin in their eggshells and fail to divide
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
knocking down chs-2 by RNAi causes a defect in the pharynx and leads to L1 larval arrest, indicating that chitin is involved in the development and function of the pharynx
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chitin synthesis and hydrolysis are not coupled, but both are regulated during yeast - hyphe morphogenesis in Candida albicans
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
class II CaChs1p is involved in septum formation in both the yeast and hyphal forms and for cell integrity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the hyphal-specific chitin synthase gene CHS2 is not essential for growth, dimorphism, or virulence. The class I CaChs2p enzyme is responsible for part of the hyphal chitin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
shape and integrity of fungal cells is dependent on the skeletal polysaccharides in their cell walls of which beta-1,3-glucan and chitin are of principle importance, individual chitin synthase enzymes synthesize microfibrils of differing structure at specific locations in the Candida albicans cell wall, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the chitin synthase with a myosin-like motor domain is essential for hyphal growth, appressorium differentiation, and pathogenicity of the maize anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the chitin synthase with a myosin-like motor domain is essential for hyphal growth, appressorium differentiation, and pathogenicity of the maize anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the chitin synthase with a myosin-like motor domain is essential for hyphal growth, appressorium differentiation, and pathogenicity of the maize anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 is the most important chitin synthase for vegetative growth. Deletion of chs3 gene leads to cell death at 37°C
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS3 is the most important chitin synthase for vegetative growth. Deletion of chs3 gene leads to cell death at 37°C
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
insect development is dependent on the precisely tuned expression of chitin synthase genes. Ecdysterone has a regulatory role on CHS-1 (DmeChSB) and CHS-2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
WdChs1p is more responsible than WdChs2p for normal yeast cell reproductive growth because strains with defects in the latter exhibited no morphological abnormalities, whereas those with defects in WdChs1p are frequently impaired in one or more yeast developmental processes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
WdChs1p is more responsible than WdChs2p for normal yeast cell reproductive growth because strains with defects in the latter exhibited no morphological abnormalities, whereas those with defects in WdChs1p are frequently impaired in one or more yeast developmental processes
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
class V chitin synthase is required for sustained cell growth at the temperature of infection, 37°C, with increased WdCHS5 mRNA synthesis being the major factor responsible for the increased WdCHS5 transcript
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
class V chitin synthase is required for sustained cell growth at the temperature of infection, 37°C, with increased WdCHS5 mRNA synthesis being the major factor responsible for the increased WdCHS5 transcript
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
class VII chitin synthase involved in septation is critical for pathogenicity in Fusarium oxysporum, gene chsVb is likely to function in polarized growth and confirm the critical importance of cell wall integrity in the complex infection process of this fungus, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
class VII chitin synthase involved in septation is critical for pathogenicity in Fusarium oxysporum, gene chsVb is likely to function in polarized growth and confirm the critical importance of cell wall integrity in the complex infection process of this fungus, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
MsCHS1 appears to be inversely regulated because its mRNA is detectable only during the molt at the time when tracheal growth occurs at the basal site of the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
MsCHS1 appears to be inversely regulated because its mRNA is detectable only during the molt at the time when tracheal growth occurs at the basal site of the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
MsCHS1 appears to be inversely regulated because its mRNA is detectable only during the molt at the time when tracheal growth occurs at the basal site of the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
chitin synthesis is controlled by an intestinal proteolytic signalling cascade linking chitin synthase activity to the nutritional state of the larvae, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chitin synthesis is controlled by an intestinal proteolytic signalling cascade linking chitin synthase activity to the nutritional state of the larvae, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Chs4p (Cal2/Csd4/Skt5) is a protein factor physically interacting with Chs3p, the catalytic subunit of chitin synthase III (CSIII), and is indispensable for its enzymatic activity in vivo. Abolition of Chs4p prenylation causes about 60% decrease in CSIII activity, which is correlated with about 30% decrease in chitin content. Lack of Chs4p prenylation decreases the average chain length of the chitin polymer
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Chs2 synthesizes the primary septum after mitosis is completed. It is essential for proper cell separation and expected to be highly regulated. Chs2 is hyperactivated by a soluble yeast protease, which is expressed during logarithmic growth phase, when budding cells require Chs2 activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Chs4p is required for chitin synthase III activity and hence for chitin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Chs4p is required for chitin synthase III activity and hence for chitin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
Chs2 synthesizes the primary septum after mitosis is completed. It is essential for proper cell separation and expected to be highly regulated. Chs2 is hyperactivated by a soluble yeast protease, which is expressed during logarithmic growth phase, when budding cells require Chs2 activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
chitin synthase B is very important in midgut formation and development
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chitin synthase B is very important in midgut formation and development
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme is involved in larval development, and is important for the growth and development of cuticles and trachea in the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is involved in larval development, and is important for the growth and development of cuticles and trachea in the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
RNAi-mediated down-regulation of TcCHS2, but not TcCHS1, leads to cessation of feeding, a dramatic shrinkage in larval size and reduced chitin content in the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
RNAi-mediated down-regulation of TcCHS2, but not TcCHS1, leads to cessation of feeding, a dramatic shrinkage in larval size and reduced chitin content in the midgut
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
splice variant 8a of TcCHS1 is required for both the larval-pupal and pupal-adult moults, whereas splice variant 8b is required only for the latter
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
splice variant 8a of TcCHS1 is required for both the larval-pupal and pupal-adult moults, whereas splice variant 8b is required only for the latter
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
chitin, synthesized by chitin synthase, is essential for the structural integrity of the exoskeletal cuticle and midgut peritrophic membrane of insects
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
chitin, synthesized by chitin synthase, is essential for the structural integrity of the exoskeletal cuticle and midgut peritrophic membrane of insects
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
chitin, synthesized by chitin synthase, is essential for the structural integrity of the exoskeletal cuticle and midgut peritrophic membrane of insects
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS1 supports the tip growth of yeastlike cells
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS2 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS3 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS4 plays a minor role during infection process and becomes crucial when the plant grows under optimal conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs5 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs6 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth. Chs7 is important for mating tube and dikaryotic hyphae formation
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
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(2R,3R,4R,5R)-2-[(1-ethylphosphonyl)-1,1-difluoromethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidine
-
IC50: 1.6 mM
(2R,3R,4R,5S)-2-[(1-ethylphosphonyl)-1,1-difluoromethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidine
-
IC50: 38 mM
(2S,3R,4R,5R)-2-[(1-ethylphosphonyl)-1,1-difluoromethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidine
-
IC50: 4.0 mM
1-(2,2-dibutyl-5-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3(2H)-yl)ethanone
-
0.25 mM, about 30% residual activity
1-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
-
75.5% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
1-Geranyl-2-methylbenzimidazole
-
weak
1-[2,2-dibutyl-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3(2H)-yl]ethanone
-
0.25 mM, about 10% residual activity
1-[2,2-dibutyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3(2H)-yl]ethanone
-
0.25 mM, about 30% residual activity
1-[2,2-dibutyl-N-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)carbonyl]-5-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3(2H)-yl]ethanone
-
0.25 mM, about 20% residual activity
1-[2,2-dibutyl-N-[(2-chlorophenyl)carbonyl]-5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3(2H)-yl]ethanone
-
0.25 mM, about 15% residual activity
1-[2,2-dibutyl-N-[(2-chlorophenyl)carbonyl]-5-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3(2H)-yl]ethanone
-
0.25 mM, about 25% residual activity
2,2'-methylenebis(3,4,6-trichlorophenol)
-
0.25 mM, 56% inhibition
2,3,5,6-Tetrachloro-4-methoxyphenol
-
0.25 mM, 48% inhibition
2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-D-glucitol
-
IC50: 5.7 mM
2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)-N,N-dipropylacetamide
-
-
2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)-N-(2-nitrophenyl)acetamide
-
-
2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)-N-(3-nitrophenyl)acetamide
-
-
2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)-N-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)acetamide
-
-
2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetamide
-
-
2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)-N-(4-nitrophenyl)acetamide
-
-
2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)-N-(ptolyl)acetamide
-
-
2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)-N-methyl-N-phenylacetamide
-
-
2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)-N-phenylacetamide
-
-
2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)-3-(4-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetoxy)phenyl)propanoic acid
-
65.3% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)-3-phenylpropanoic acid
-
-
2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid
-
-
2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)acetic acid
-
-
2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)butanoic acid
-
-
2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)propanoic acid
-
-
3,5-Dichloro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde
-
0.25 mM, 17% inhibition
3,5-Dichloro-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol
-
0.25 mM, 40% inhibition
3,5-Dichlorobenzyl alcohol
-
0.25 mM, 15% inhibition
3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)propanoic acid
-
61.5% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)propanoic acid
-
-
3-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)propanoic acid
-
-
3-(2-hydroxy-3-(methyl(2-oxo-2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)propyl)-1-methylquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione
-
-
3-hydroxy-2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)propanoic acid
-
-
3-methyl-2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)butanoic acid
-
-
4-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)butanoic acid
-
68.2% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
4-methyl-2-(2-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetamido)pentanoic acid
-
-
5'-(N-succinyl)-5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine
-
-
-
5'-(N-succinyl)-5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine methyl ester
-
inhibits the yeast enzyme, and exhibits synergistic interaction with caspofungin against Candida albicans
-
5'-(N-succinylglycyl)-5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine
-
-
5'-(N-succinylglycyl)-5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine methyl ester
-
-
5'-deoxy-5'-(glycylamino)uridine
-
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-((2-methoxyphenyl)amino)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(naphthalen-1-ylamino)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(o-tolylamino)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(p-tolylamino)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(phenylamino)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(piperazin-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(piperidin-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-morpholinopropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-((2,6-dimethylphenyl)amino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-((2-chlorophenyl)amino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-((4-bromophenyl)amino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-((4-chlorobenzyl)amino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-((4-chlorophenyl)amino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-(azepan-1-yl)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-(benzylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-(bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-(butylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-(4-(3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline hydrochloride
-
-
5-[(3,6,6-trimethylhept-4-yn-1-yl)amino]quinolin-2(1H)-one
-
-
5-[(6,6-dimethylhepta-2,4-diyn-1-yl)(methyl)amino]-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one
-
-
8,20-dihydroxy-9(11),13-abietadien-12-one
8-[(6,6-dimethylhepta-2,4-diyn-1-yl)(methyl)amino]-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one
-
-
amphotericin
-
noncompetitive
Amphotericin B methyl ester
-
-
Ba2+
-
10 mM, 61% inhibition
bis(5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine) 2,2'-[(1,4-dioxobutane-1,4-diyl)diazanediyl]diacetate
-
50% inhibition at 3 mM
bis(5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine) 4-[(carboxymethyl)amino]-4-oxobutanoate
-
-
bis(5'-amino-5'-deoxyuridine) succinate
-
-
c3',5'-AMP
-
2 mM, slight inhibition
Calcofluor white
-
noncompetitive
Cd2+
-
complete inhibition of wild-type and mutant enzymes
chitin oligosaccharides
-
slight
edifenphos
-
non-competitive
Hexachlorophene
-
inhibition can be reversed by lecithin
insecticidal benzoylphenyl ureas
-
-
-
K+
-
10 mM, 14% inhibition
kanakugiol
-
inhibition of chitin synthase 2 and antifungal activity of the lignan from the stem bark of Lindera erythrocarpa, overview
linderone
-
inhibition of chitin synthase 2 and antifungal activity of the lignan from the stem bark of Lindera erythrocarpa, overview
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy) (phenoxy)phosphorylamino)-3-phenylpropanoate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy) (phenoxy)phosphorylamino)acetate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)propanoate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)-3-phenylpropanoate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)acetate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)propanoate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(6-tert-butyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)-3-phenylpropanoate
-
a noncompetitive inhibitor against chitin synthase
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(6-tert-butyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)acetate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(6-tert-butyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)propanoate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(7-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)-3-phenylpropanoate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(7-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)-acetate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(7-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)propanoate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(8-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)-3-phenylpropanoate
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(8-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)-acetate}
-
-
methyl 2-((2-(methyl(8-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)propanoate
-
-
methyl 2-(2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)acetamido)benzoate
-
-
methyl 3-methyl-2-((2-(methyl(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)butanoate
-
-
methyl 3-methyl-2-((2-(methyl(6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)butanoate
-
-
methyl 3-methyl-2-((2-(methyl(6-tert-butyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)butanoate
-
-
methyl 3-methyl-2-((2-(methyl(7-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)butanoate
-
-
methyl 3-methyl-2-((2-(methyl(8-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)amino)ethoxy)(phenoxy)phosphorylamino)butanoate
-
-
methyllinderone
-
inhibition of chitin synthase 2 and antifungal activity of the lignan from the stem bark of Lindera erythrocarpa, overview
N,N'-diacetylchitobiose
-
-
N,N-dibenzyl-2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl) (methyl) amino)acetamide
-
-
N,N-diethyl-2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl) (methyl) amino)acetamide
-
-
N- benzyl-2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl) amino)acetamide
-
-
N-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)acetamide
-
-
N-(4-(cyanomethyl)phenyl)-2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)acetamide
-
-
N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)acetamide
-
-
N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl)amino)acetamide
-
-
N-(tert-butyl)-2-((2-hydroxy-3-(1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)propyl)(methyl) amino)acetamide
-
-
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
-
-
N1-(2-bromophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
39.9% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
46.7% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(2-fluorophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
48.9% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-12,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
82.3% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(2-nitrophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
53.3% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl)-N4-(p-tolyl)fumaramide
-
58.7% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl)-N4-phenylfumaramide
-
35.7% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
66.5% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
71.5% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(3-bromophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
45.2% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(3-nitrophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
49.3% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(4-bromophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
40.3% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(4-chlorophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
50.5% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(4-fluorophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
51.2% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
74.6% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(4-nitrophenyl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
65.2% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
N1-(naphthalen-1-yl)-N4-(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) fumaramide
-
27.8% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
NaCl
-
0.5 M, 86% inhibition of Chs1 and 29% inhibition of Chs2
oudemansin B
-
0.25 mM, 31% inhibition
Pentachlorophenol
-
0.25 mM, 67% inhibition
Primulin
-
noncompetitive
strobilurin A
-
0.25 mM, 24% inhibition
strobilurin B
-
0.25 mM, 29% inhibition
terpenoyl benzimidazole
-
weak
UDPgalacturonic acid
-
1 mM, about 20% inhibition
UDPglucose
-
1 mM, about 20% inhibition
UDPglucuronic acid
-
1 mM, about 20% inhibition
UDPmannose
-
1 mM, about 20% inhibition
UDPxylose
-
1 mM, about 20% inhibition
uracil polyoxin C methyl ester
[5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethyl]-carbamic acid 2-[5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethylcarbamoyloxy]-ethyl ester
-
1 mM, 32% inhibition, competitive. IC50: 2.2 mM
[5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethyl]-carbamic acid 2-{2-[5-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydro-furan-2-ylmethylcarbamoyloxy]-ethoxy}-ethyl ester
-
1 mM 45% inhibition. IC50: 11.8 mM
8,20-dihydroxy-9(11),13-abietadien-12-one
-
8,20-dihydroxy-9(11),13-abietadien-12-one
a diterpene compoud isolated from leaves of Chamaecyparis pisifera, inhibits Chs1p; a diterpene compoud isolated from leaves of Chamaecyparis pisifera, inhibits Chs2p
ADP
-
6.25 mM
ADP
-
2.0 mM, 14% inhibition
ATP
-
6.25 mM
ATP
-
2.0 mM, 12% inhibition
Ca2+
-
5-10 mM
Ca2+
-
10 mM, 60% inhibition
Captan
-
-
Co2+
-
10 mM CoCl2, 20% inhibition
Co2+
-
strongly inhibits chitin synthase 1
Co2+
-
inhibits the wild-type Chs2 and mutant Chs2DELTAN222
Cu2+
-
10 mM CuSO4, 95% inhibition
Cu2+
Apodachlya sp.
-
strong
Cu2+
-
10 mM, 47% inhibition
Diflubenzuron
-
slight in vitro inhibition
EDTA
-
10 mM, complete inhibition
EDTA
-
0.1 mM, Chs1 and Chs2 are almost completely inhibited
EDTA
-
inhibition of chitin synthase 1 and 2
EDTA
-
complete inhibition of wild-type and mutant enzymes
Fe3+
-
-
Fe3+
-
10 mM, 71% inhibition
Mg2+
-
low concentration of Mg2+ at 1.0-4.0 mmol/l significantly increase CHS activity, whereas 10.0 mmol/l or higher significantly inhibit CHS enzyme activity
Mg2+
-
inhibits the wild-type Chs2
Mn2+
-
2.5 mM, 50% inhibition of chitin synthase 1 and 2
Mn2+
-
10 mM, 12% inhibition
Ni2+
-
inhibition of chitin synthase 1 and 2, no inhibition of chitin synthase 3
Ni2+
-
inhibits the wild-type enzyme and mutant Chs2DELTAN222
Nikkomycin
-
nikkomycin X and nikkomycin Z
Nikkomycin
-
nikkomycin Z
Nikkomycin
-
nikkomycin Z
Nikkomycin
Kluyveromyces bulgaricus
-
0.015 for chitin synthetase III; IC50: 0.022 mM for chitin synthetase II; IC50: 0.032 mM for chitin synthetase I
Nikkomycin
-
linear competitive inhibitor
Nikkomycin
-
competitive; competitive inhibitor of chitin synthetase 2; nikkomycin X and nikkomycin Z; nikkomycin Z is more inhibitory to chitin synthetase 1 than for chitin synthetase 2
Nikkomycin
-
nikkomycin Z
nikkomycin Z
-
slight in vitro inhibition
nikkomycin Z
exposure to nikkomycin Z, a CHS inhibitor, reduces the amount of chitin in the peritrophic membrane of molted larvae
nikkomycin Z
a chitin synthase inhibitor that downregulates the expression of BmChsA and decreases the amount of epidermis chitin during the molting process
nikkomycin Z
specific for Chs1
nikkomycin Z
competitive inhibition, presence of inhibitor leads to increased expression; competitive inhibition, presence of inhibitor leads to increased expression
O-methyl pisiferic acid
a diterpene compound isolated from leaves of Chamaecyparis pisifera, inhibition of chitin synthase 1
O-methyl pisiferic acid
a diterpene compound isolated from leaves of Chamaecyparis pisifera, specifically inhibits Chs2p in a mixed competitive manner versus UDP-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine
Polyoxin B
-
-
Polyoxin B
-
87.5% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
Polyoxin B
-
85.1% inhibition at 0.3 mg/ml
Polyoxin D
-
0.01 mM, 80% loss of activity; 0.1 mM, complete inhibition
Polyoxin D
Apodachlya sp.
-
-
Polyoxin D
-
no inhibition
Polyoxin D
Mortierella candelabrum
-
-
Polyoxin D
Mortierella pusilla
-
-
Polyoxin D
-
linear competitive inhibitor
Polyoxin D
-
Chs2 shows less sensitivity to inhibition than Chs1
Polyoxin D
-
competitive inhibitor of chitin synthetase 2; more inhibitory to chitin synthetase 1 than for chitin synthetase 2
polyoxin L
-
-
UDP
-
0.05 mM, 50% loss of activity; 0.1 mM, 95% inhibition
UDP
-
2.0 mM, 86% inhibition
UDP
-
linear competitive inhibitor
UDP
-
competitive with respect to UDP-GlcNAc
UDP
-
0.5 mM, 28% inhibition
uracil polyoxin C methyl ester
-
stereoselective synthesis routes of both the natural (C5'-S) and unnatural (C5'-R) diastereoisomers of uracil polyoxin C methyl ester as specific substrate analogue-inhibitors of chirin synthase, conjugation of the methyl ester of uracil polyoxin C with activated isoxazole carboxylic acids, detailed overview
uracil polyoxin C methyl ester
-
stereoselective synthesis routes of both the natural (C5'-S) and unnatural (C5'-R) diastereoisomers of uracil polyoxin C methyl ester as specific substrate analogue-inhibitors of chirin synthase, conjugation of the methyl ester of uracil polyoxin C with activated isoxazole carboxylic acids, detailed overview
UTP
-
6.25 mM
UTP
-
2.0 mM, 50% inhibition
Zn2+
-
10 mM ZnCl2, 95% inhibition
Zn2+
Apodachlya sp.
-
strong
Zn2+
-
2.5 mM, complete inhibition of both chitin synthase 1 and 2
additional information
-
purification of a soluble protein inhibitor from cytoplasm of Mucor rouxii, which forms part of the regulatory mechanism of chitin synthesis in the cells
-
additional information
-
no in vitro inhibition by polyoxin D. Inhibition of chitin synthesis by the chemicals is not due to direct inhibition of chitin synthase in Anopheles gambiae
-
additional information
-
synthesis and biological evaluation of phosphoramidate derivatives of coumarin as chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents, overview
-
additional information
-
synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 3-substituted amino-4-hydroxylcoumarin derivatives as chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents, overview. Most of the compounds have good inhibitory activity against CHS, in which the best compound with IC50 of 0.10 mmol/l has stronger activity than that of polyoxin B As far as the antifungal activity is concerned, most of the compounds possessed moderate to excellent activity against some representative pathogenic fungi. The most potent agent against Cryptococcus neoformans has a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.004 mg/ml. The compounds have negligible actions to some tested bacteria and are promising to develop selective antifungal agents
-
additional information
-
no inhibition by BAY SIR 8514; no inhibition by diflubenzuron
-
additional information
-
(2S,3R,4R,5S)-2-[(1-ethylphosphonyl)-1,1-difluoromethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidine shows no inhibition at 8 mM. 2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-L-iditol shows no inhibition at 5 mM
-
additional information
the absence of Chs4p renders CSIII functionally inactive, independently of Chs3p accumulation at the plasma membrane
-
additional information
-
the absence of Chs4p renders CSIII functionally inactive, independently of Chs3p accumulation at the plasma membrane
-
additional information
-
no inhibition of chitin synthase 1 and 3 by methyllinderone, linderone, and kanakugiol from stem bark of Lindera erythrocarpa
-
additional information
-
design, synthesis and evaluation of 1-methyl-3-substituted quinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives as chitin synthase inhibitors and antifungal agents, NMR and mass spectrometry structure analysis, overview
-
additional information
-
no inhibition by diflubenzuron
-
additional information
-
no inhibition by BAY SIR 8514; no inhibition by diflubenzuron
-
additional information
-
a pH-dependent, heat-stable inhibitor is present in the soluble cytoplasm from the mycelium
-
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-
brenda
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
strong expression
brenda
class A CHS
brenda
-
synthesis of chitin continues to take place in nematode eggs within the egg sac in the parasitic nematode. The removal of the activity affects egg development
brenda
-
-
brenda
early embryos contain large amounts of Bm-chs-1 transcripts, later stage embryos within the maternal uterus show little or no Bm-chs-1 transcripts
brenda
Lucilia sp.
-
underlying the procuticle
brenda
isoform IIIb appears to be involved exclusively in cell wall construction during haustorium development
brenda
strong expression
brenda
Chlorovirus CVK2
-
the chitin synthase gene from chlorovirus CVK2 is expressed 10 min postinfection in Chlorella cells
brenda
lower expression
brenda
-
enzyme predominantly localizes at polarized growth sites and between vesicles and metulae, between metulae and phialides, and between phalides and conidia in asexual development
brenda
-
brenda
-
enzyme predominantly localizes at polarized growth sites and between vesicles and metulae, between metulae and phialides, and between phalides and conidia in asexual development
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
Chs3p and Chs4p appear to co-localize at the neck region of the budding yeast
brenda
-
growth of wild-type and enzyme mutant cells, overview
brenda
-
growth of wild-type and enzyme mutant cells, overview
-
brenda
MsCHS1
brenda
-
of midgut. The enzyme is restricted to the apical tips of microvilli
brenda
moderate expression
brenda
-
ChsA is localized in the plasma membrane of growing apices of hyphal branches, conidiophores, and falcate and oval conidia
brenda
-
enzyme predominantly localizes at polarized growth sites and between vesicles and metulae, between metulae and phialides, and between phalides and conidia in asexual development
brenda
-
brenda
-
ChsA is localized in the plasma membrane of growing apices of hyphal branches, conidiophores, and falcate and oval conidia
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
-
substantial amounts of CHS-1 and CHS-2 RNA are present 4 to 8 hours after induction of cyst formation by glucose deprivation. In contrast to CHS-1 RNA, expression of CHS-2 RNA is more transient and no plateau is observed between 8 and 16 hours of encystation. Both CHS RNAs are no longer detectable after 48 hours when most of the cells are transformed into mature cysts
brenda
germinated cyst
brenda
-
germinated cyst
-
brenda
highest expression of isoform CHS1 in germinated cyst
brenda
-
highest expression of isoform CHS1 in germinated cyst
-
brenda
gene BmChsA is an epidermis-specific expressed gene during the molting stage, BmChsA gene in the epidermis of the head
brenda
-
CHS-A gene is exclusively expressed in the epidermis and related ectodermal cells such as tracheal cells
brenda
very low expression level
brenda
presence of alternative exons CHSA-2a and CHSA-2b. Transcripts of both exons are preferentially expressed in epidermis. During growth and development of Ostrinia furnacalis, CHSA-2a is mainly expressed during larval-larval molting and larval-pupal transformation, as well as in newly-laid eggs, while CHSA-2b is expressed only during the larval-larval molting
brenda
-
CHS-A gene is exclusively expressed in the epidermis and related ectodermal cells such as tracheal cells
brenda
lower expression
brenda
-
brenda
high expression
brenda
chsB is ubiquitously expressed throughout the fungal body and quite indenpendently of the change in status of the cell
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
tips of germ tube
brenda
isoform IIIa is restricted to fungal infection structures growing on the surface of the plant, such as germ tubes and, predominantly, appressoria and may be involved in cell wall construction during germ tube and, particularly, appressoria development
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
expression of CHS-B gene is restricted to gut epithelial cells that produce chitin in the formation of the peritrophic matrix
brenda
predominant expression
brenda
lowest expression
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
expression of CHS-B gene is restricted to gut epithelial cells that produce chitin in the formation of the peritrophic matrix
brenda
-
-
brenda
BmChsA gene in the epidermis of the head
brenda
-
brenda
lowest expression
brenda
-
-
brenda
ChsC, but not of ChsA, is observed at hyphal tips
brenda
CsmA is concentrated at hyphal tips and forming septa
brenda
CsmB is concentrated at hyphal tips and forming septa
brenda
-
localization to hyphal tips and forming septa during hyphal growth
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
hyphal-specific chitin synthase gene CHS2
brenda
-
-
brenda
vegetative
brenda
-
ChsA is localized in the plasma membrane of growing apices of hyphal branches, conidiophores, and falcate and oval conidia
brenda
vegetative
brenda
-
-
brenda
hyphal apex, septa, and Spitzenkoerper
brenda
-
hyphal apex, septa, and Spitzenkoerper
-
brenda
-
hyphal apex, septa, and Spitzenkoerper
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
hyphal tip
brenda
CHS2 is localized at the septum of yeast-like cells and hyphae
brenda
CHS3 is localized at the septum of yeast-like cells and hyphae
brenda
CHS4 is localized at the septum of yeast-like cells and hyphae
brenda
CHS5 is localized at the septum of yeast-like cells and hyphae
brenda
CHS6 is localized at the septum of yeast-like cells and hyphae
brenda
CHS7 is localized at the septum of yeast-like cells and hyphae
brenda
CHS5 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
BmChsA is an integument-specific expressed gene
brenda
lower enzyme level
brenda
high expression
brenda
-
brenda
predominant expression
brenda
CHS is localized in the underlying epidermal cells of the integument and tracheal cells
brenda
-
activity decreases in starved larva or larva about to pupa
brenda
-
maximally active after 72 h of larval growth
brenda
-
brenda
gene BmChsA is an epidermis-specific expressed gene during the molting stage
brenda
-
brenda
distribution of CTLP1 and CHS2 in cryosections of the anterior midgut from fifth instar larvae, overview
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
larval, columnar cell of
brenda
larval, expression of MsCHS1 and MsCHS2. MsCHS1 appeared to be inversely regulated because its mRNA is detectable only during the molt at the time when tracheal growth occurs at the basal site of the midgut
brenda
-
chitin synthase is expressed in brush border of columnar cells
brenda
chitin is synthesized by columnar cells
brenda
-
located at the apical tips of the brush border microvilli
brenda
lower expression
brenda
mainly expressed in midgut
brenda
specific expression of chitin synthase B, constitutively in the midgut from the 3rd instar larval stage to prepupae reaching highest expression on the first day of the fifth instar larval stage, overview
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
chsC is moderately expressed in young vegetative mycelia, weak expression of chsC in old vegetative mycelium
brenda
vegetative, moderate expression
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
Mortierella candelabrum
-
-
brenda
Mortierella pusilla
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
-
the transcriptional level of gene Pochs1 in mycelia increases significantly by the temperature-downshift treatment, which is one of the important factors for inducing the onset of fruit-body formation
brenda
-
-
brenda
high expression
brenda
-
brenda
-
both two CHS genes, AgCHS1 and AgCHS2, are highly expressed in the pupal stage
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
of midgut, MsCHS1
brenda
-
tracheal cell of midgut
brenda
-
CHS-A gene is exclusively expressed in the epidermis and related ectodermal cells such as tracheal cells
brenda
high expression
brenda
class A CHS is localized in the trachea and the underlying epidermal cells of the tracheal cells
brenda
-
CHS-A gene is exclusively expressed in the epidermis and related ectodermal cells such as tracheal cells
brenda
highest expression
brenda
-
highest expression
-
brenda
-
brenda
-
-
-
brenda
additional information
chsA is expressed specifically during asexual differentiation
brenda
additional information
chsA is expressed specifically during asexual differentiation
brenda
additional information
chsA is expressed specifically during asexual differentiation
brenda
additional information
-
chsA is expressed specifically during asexual differentiation
brenda
additional information
little expression in mature sexual structures
brenda
additional information
-
little expression in mature sexual structures
brenda
additional information
-
enzyme predominantly localizes at polarized growth sites and between vesicles and metulae, between metulae and phialides, and between phalides and conidia in asexual development
brenda
additional information
gene BmChsB expression profiles in the midgut during molting and the mulberry-leaf ingestion processes
brenda
additional information
-
gene BmChsB expression profiles in the midgut during molting and the mulberry-leaf ingestion processes
brenda
additional information
semiquantitative RT-PCR expression analysis and expression pattern, overview
brenda
additional information
-
semiquantitative RT-PCR expression analysis and expression pattern, overview
brenda
additional information
enzyme is transcribed in adult females, independent of their fertilization status, but is also expressed in males and microfilariae
brenda
additional information
-
enzyme is transcribed in adult females, independent of their fertilization status, but is also expressed in males and microfilariae
brenda
additional information
-
total specific activity is higher in hyphal form than in yeast form
brenda
additional information
the architecture of the chitin skeleton of Candida albicans is shaped by the action of more than one chitin synthase at the site of cell wall synthesis
brenda
additional information
the architecture of the chitin skeleton of Candida albicans is shaped by the action of more than one chitin synthase at the site of cell wall synthesis
brenda
additional information
the architecture of the chitin skeleton of Candida albicans is shaped by the action of more than one chitin synthase at the site of cell wall synthesis
brenda
additional information
the architecture of the chitin skeleton of Candida albicans is shaped by the action of more than one chitin synthase at the site of cell wall synthesis
brenda
additional information
-
the architecture of the chitin skeleton of Candida albicans is shaped by the action of more than one chitin synthase at the site of cell wall synthesis
brenda
additional information
-
chitin synthase expression during vegetative and pathogenic growth
brenda
additional information
chitin synthase expression during vegetative and pathogenic growth
brenda
additional information
chitin synthase expression during vegetative and pathogenic growth
brenda
additional information
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chitin synthase isozymes of different classes are all expressed during vegetative and pathogenic growth
brenda
additional information
chitin synthase isozymes of different classes are all expressed during vegetative and pathogenic growth
brenda
additional information
chitin synthase isozymes of different classes are all expressed during vegetative and pathogenic growth
brenda
additional information
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stage-specific expression of the chitin synthase DmeChSA and DmeChSB genes during the onset of metamorphosis
brenda
additional information
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genes corresponding to CHS-1 and CHS-2 are not expressed in Entamoeba trophozoites
brenda
additional information
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genes corresponding to CHS-1 and CHS-2 are not expressed in Entamoeba trophozoites
brenda
additional information
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genes corresponding to CHS-1 and CHS-2 are not expressed in Entamoeba trophozoites
brenda
additional information
Lucilia sp.
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GlcNAc acceptors functioning as primers for chain assembly transcripts are detectable in all developmental stages of the fly
brenda
additional information
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suncellular localization study of CHS-3, CHS proteins are delivered to the cell surface via an alternative route distinct from the classical ER-Golgi body secretory pathway, overview
brenda
additional information
suncellular localization study of CHS-3, CHS proteins are delivered to the cell surface via an alternative route distinct from the classical ER-Golgi body secretory pathway, overview
brenda
additional information
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suncellular localization study of CHS-6, CHS proteins are delivered to the cell surface via an alternative route distinct from the classical ER-Golgi body secretory pathway, overview
brenda
additional information
suncellular localization study of CHS-6, CHS proteins are delivered to the cell surface via an alternative route distinct from the classical ER-Golgi body secretory pathway, overview
brenda
additional information
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suncellular localization study of CHS-3, CHS proteins are delivered to the cell surface via an alternative route distinct from the classical ER-Golgi body secretory pathway, overview
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brenda
additional information
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suncellular localization study of CHS-6, CHS proteins are delivered to the cell surface via an alternative route distinct from the classical ER-Golgi body secretory pathway, overview
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brenda
additional information
growth and conidia production of wild-type and disruption mutant strains, and relative expression of chs genes in Penicillium digitatum strain CECT20796 under different growth conditions, overview
brenda
additional information
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growth and conidia production of wild-type and disruption mutant strains, and relative expression of chs genes in Penicillium digitatum strain CECT20796 under different growth conditions, overview
brenda
additional information
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growth and conidia production of wild-type and disruption mutant strains, and relative expression of chs genes in Penicillium digitatum strain CECT20796 under different growth conditions, overview
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brenda
additional information
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the transcriptional level of Pochs1 is higher in the stage of immature fruit body than in the stages of mycelia and mature fruit body
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additional information
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chitin synthase II shows highest specific activities in extracts from logarithmically growing cultures. Chitin synthetase I, whether from growing cultures or stationary phase cultures, is only measurable after trypsin treatment, and levels of zymogen do not change
brenda
additional information
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level of chitin synthase 1 remains constant during vegetative growth in synchronised cells
brenda
additional information
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expression, localization and degradation of Chs2 are cell cycle dependent
brenda
additional information
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expression, localization and degradation of Chs2 are cell cycle dependent
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brenda
additional information
CHSB is not expressed in the cuticle, fat body, tracheae, and the Malpighian tubules, CHSB tissue distribution and developmental expression, overview
brenda
additional information
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CHSB is not expressed in the cuticle, fat body, tracheae, and the Malpighian tubules, CHSB tissue distribution and developmental expression, overview
brenda
additional information
developmental expression and tissue distribution of CHSA, CHSA mRNA is highly expressed in the early and late stages of each larval instar, and consistently expressed in high level during the pupal stage, CHS is further localized in the underlying epidermal cells of the integument and tracheal cells, but not in the fat body or Malpighian tubules, overview
brenda
additional information
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developmental expression and tissue distribution of CHSA, CHSA mRNA is highly expressed in the early and late stages of each larval instar, and consistently expressed in high level during the pupal stage, CHS is further localized in the underlying epidermal cells of the integument and tracheal cells, but not in the fat body or Malpighian tubules, overview
brenda
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gene TcCHS-A expression during embryonic and adult development, overview
brenda
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gene TcCHS-A expression during embryonic and adult development, overview
brenda
additional information
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gene TcCHS-A expression during embryonic and adult development, overview
brenda
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gene TcCHS-B expression during embryonic and adult development, overview
brenda
additional information
gene TcCHS-B expression during embryonic and adult development, overview
brenda
additional information
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gene TcCHS-B expression during embryonic and adult development, overview
brenda
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CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
additional information
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
additional information
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
additional information
CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
additional information
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CHS6 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
additional information
CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
additional information
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CHS7 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tips, indicating that they participate in tip growth
brenda
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metabolism
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chitin production in arthropods is a complicated process and a series of biochemical pathways are involved in individual chitin polymer biosynthesis in which the terminal step is catalyzed by chitin synthase
evolution
chitin synthase genes (chs) constitute a complex family in filamentous fungi and are involved in fungal development, morphogenesis, pathogenesis and virulence, phylogenetic analysis of chsI-VII
evolution
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the enzyme belongs to the family of beta-glycosyltransferases
evolution
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chitin synthase genes (chs) constitute a complex family in filamentous fungi and are involved in fungal development, morphogenesis, pathogenesis and virulence, phylogenetic analysis of chsI-VII
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malfunction
exposure to nikkomycin Z, a CHS inhibitor, reduces the amount of chitin in the peritrophic membrane of molted larvae
malfunction
isozyme mutant DELTAchs-6 strain displays less chitin content, slow colony growth, and apical hyperbranching. Mycelium biomass (dry weight) is reduced in the mutant strain with reduced chitin content
malfunction
knockdown of BmChsA gene in third instar larvae increases the number of non-molting and abnormal molting larvae
malfunction
mycelium biomass (dry weight) is reduced in the mutant strain with no apparent reduction in chitin content or growth rate, but less production of aerial hyphae and conidia
malfunction
PdchsVII mutants have reduced virulence on citrus fruit. Disruption of gene chsVII has an effect on the expression of other isozymes during growth in liquid PDB medium. The largest increase of expression is shown in both disruption mutant strains PDMG672 and PDMG439 by gene PdchsII, which is induced up to 50fold during growth, while in strain CECT20796 it remains almost constant or even declines. Expression of PdchsIV, PdchsV and PdchsVI genes is also induced in disruption mutants compared to the parental strain. Expression of PdchsI and PdchsIII remaines at similar levels in the mutant and wild-type strains
malfunction
the Bcchs6 disruption mutant exhibits a 45.5% increasing in its chitin content when compared with the wild-type strain. In Bcchs6 mutant the expression of BcChs6 is significantly decreased, while the expression of genes BcChs2 and BcChs3a is increased when compared with wild-type. It is probable that the disruption of gene Bcchs6 provokes a compensatory mechanism regulatingthe cellular response to cell wall damage. The radial growth of Bcchs6 mutant is drastically reduced when 50% solute is removed from the regular PDA medium, and they are more sensitive to Calcofluor white and other cell wall disturbing chemicals. Pathogenicity assays on tomato leaves indicate that the mutant is significantly reduced in their ability to cause disease. The radial lesion produced by Bcchs6 mutant is almost not detected even at 6 days after inoculation, indicating the pathogenicity is drastically reduced in Bcchs6 mutant
malfunction
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the chs2DELTA mutant forms chained cells in which daughter cells are connected with mother cells and have abnormally thick septa at the bud neck. The chs4DELTA mutant shows remarkably reduced chitin content in its cell wall. The chs2DELTA, csm1DELTA, and csm2DELTA mutants are highly sensitive to chitin binding dyes, calcofluor white and Congo red, whereas the chs4DELTA mutant is resistant to calcofluor white. The lengths of the cellular long and short axes of populations of filamentous cells are decreased in the chs3DELTA mutant
malfunction
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an enzyme deletion mutant exhibits reduced mycelial growth and virulence. In addition, the mutant produces thickened and wavy septa
malfunction
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enzyme deletions lead to cytokinetic defects upon spore germination
malfunction
enzyme gene disruption retards vegetative growth and asexual reproduction and reduces virulence of Phytophthora capsici
malfunction
enzyme gene disruption retards vegetative growth and asexual reproduction and reduces virulence of Phytophthora sojae
malfunction
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enzyme inhibition leads to hyphal tip rupture in P. infestans
malfunction
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PdchsVII mutants have reduced virulence on citrus fruit. Disruption of gene chsVII has an effect on the expression of other isozymes during growth in liquid PDB medium. The largest increase of expression is shown in both disruption mutant strains PDMG672 and PDMG439 by gene PdchsII, which is induced up to 50fold during growth, while in strain CECT20796 it remains almost constant or even declines. Expression of PdchsIV, PdchsV and PdchsVI genes is also induced in disruption mutants compared to the parental strain. Expression of PdchsI and PdchsIII remaines at similar levels in the mutant and wild-type strains
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malfunction
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the chs2DELTA mutant forms chained cells in which daughter cells are connected with mother cells and have abnormally thick septa at the bud neck. The chs4DELTA mutant shows remarkably reduced chitin content in its cell wall. The chs2DELTA, csm1DELTA, and csm2DELTA mutants are highly sensitive to chitin binding dyes, calcofluor white and Congo red, whereas the chs4DELTA mutant is resistant to calcofluor white. The lengths of the cellular long and short axes of populations of filamentous cells are decreased in the chs3DELTA mutant
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malfunction
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mycelium biomass (dry weight) is reduced in the mutant strain with no apparent reduction in chitin content or growth rate, but less production of aerial hyphae and conidia
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malfunction
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isozyme mutant DELTAchs-6 strain displays less chitin content, slow colony growth, and apical hyperbranching. Mycelium biomass (dry weight) is reduced in the mutant strain with reduced chitin content
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malfunction
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enzyme gene disruption retards vegetative growth and asexual reproduction and reduces virulence of Phytophthora sojae
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malfunction
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an enzyme deletion mutant exhibits reduced mycelial growth and virulence. In addition, the mutant produces thickened and wavy septa
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malfunction
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enzyme deletions lead to cytokinetic defects upon spore germination
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malfunction
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the Bcchs6 disruption mutant exhibits a 45.5% increasing in its chitin content when compared with the wild-type strain. In Bcchs6 mutant the expression of BcChs6 is significantly decreased, while the expression of genes BcChs2 and BcChs3a is increased when compared with wild-type. It is probable that the disruption of gene Bcchs6 provokes a compensatory mechanism regulatingthe cellular response to cell wall damage. The radial growth of Bcchs6 mutant is drastically reduced when 50% solute is removed from the regular PDA medium, and they are more sensitive to Calcofluor white and other cell wall disturbing chemicals. Pathogenicity assays on tomato leaves indicate that the mutant is significantly reduced in their ability to cause disease. The radial lesion produced by Bcchs6 mutant is almost not detected even at 6 days after inoculation, indicating the pathogenicity is drastically reduced in Bcchs6 mutant
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malfunction
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enzyme gene disruption retards vegetative growth and asexual reproduction and reduces virulence of Phytophthora capsici
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physiological function
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deletion mutants of isoform ChsB show multilayered cell walls and intrahyphal hyphae in their hyphae. ChsB functions in the formation of normal cell walls of hyphae, as well as in conidiophore and conidia development
physiological function
enzyme deletion mutants are unable to form appressoria on artificial surfaces, except following the application of the exogenous inducers 1,16-hexadecanediol and cyclic adenosine monophosphate. The appressoria formed have a reduced chitin content and are often smaller and misshapen compared with the wild-type. Mutants are significantly reduced in their ability to enter rice plants, but growth in planta is not affected
physiological function
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gene disruption mutant is not significantly affected in either growth characteristics or pathogenicity on tomato leaves. Mutant exhibits a 31% increase in its chitin content and displays increased sensitivity to Caclofluor White and slightly enhanced tolerance to cell-wall disturbing substances and osmosis regulators
physiological function
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mutants lacking isoform CHS7 or isoform CHS5 do not produce perithecia or cause disease on barley heads. Mutant cells form balloon-shaped hyphae and intrahyphal hyphae, their cell wall rigidity is weaker than that of wild-type
physiological function
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specific disruption of the CHS1 gene results in a 58% reduction of chitin synthase activity, accompanied by decreases of 35% in chitin content, 22% in conidiation, and 16% in macroconidium length. The mutant strain has a growth rate comparable to that of the wild-type on PDA medium but has a 35% increase in the number of nuclear cellulae and exhibits a remarkably increased sensitivity to osmosis stresses. Mutant shows substantial changes in cell wall structures of the macroconidium, ascospore, and mycelium, with the most profound changes in the mycelium. The mutant displays significantly reduced pathogenicity on wheat spikes and seedlings
physiological function
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treatment of Candida albicans with low levels of echinocandins such as caspofungin, echinocandin B, cilofungin and anidulafungin stimulates chitin synthase gene expression, increases Chs activity, elevates chitin content and reduced efficacy of these drugs. Elevation of chitin synthesis is mediated via the PKC, HOG, and Ca2+-calcineurin signalling pathways. Stimulation of isoforms Chs2p and Chs8p by activators of these pathways enables cells to survive otherwise lethal concentrations of echinocandins, even in the absence of Chs3p and the normally essential Chs1p, which synthesize the chitinous septal ring and primary septum of the fungus. Under such conditions, a novel proximally offset septum is synthesized that restores the capacity for cell division, sustaines the viability of the cell, and abrogates morphological and growth defects associated with echinocandin treatment and the chs mutations
physiological function
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in the conidia, chitin content in the cell wall of a mutant strain lacking activity of isoform csmA is less than half the amount found in the parental strain. The isoform csmB mutant strain and the isoform csmA/csmB double mutant strain do not show any modification of chitin content in their conidial cell walls. In contrast to the hydrophobic conidia of the parental strain, conidia of all of the chitin synthase mutants are hydrophilic due to the presence of an amorphous material covering the hydrophobic surface-rodlet layer. The deletion of chitin synthase genes also results in an increased susceptibility of resting and germinating conidia to echinocandins
physiological function
isoform Chs1 protein contains N-terminal microtubule interacting and trafficking domains involved in protein recycling by endocytosis. Chitin is vital for the micro-organisms despite its very low abundance in the cell walls. It is most likely synthesized transiently at the apex of the cells before cellulose, the major cell wall component in oomycetes
physiological function
isoform Chs2 protein contains N-terminal microtubule interacting and trafficking domains involved in protein recycling by endocytosis. Chitin is vital for the micro-organisms despite its very low abundance in the cell walls. It is most likely synthesized transiently at the apex of the cells before cellulose, the major cell wall component in oomycetes
physiological function
isoform CHS5 and CHS7 single deletion mutants and the CHS5/CHS7 double mutant grow poorly and exhibit small, hyperpigmented colonies with very little aerial mycelia as compared to the wild-type strain. The mutant strains also tend to grow into the potato dextrose agar media rather than growing evenly over the surface as compared to the wild type. The addition of 0.2 M KCl into the medium suppresses the mutant phenotype. Both isoforms are required for normal hyphal growth and maximal disease of maize seedlings and ear. Mutant strains are more sensitive to cell wall stressing compounds, e.g., Nikkomycin Z, than wild type. Mutant strains are significantly reduced in their ability to cause disease
physiological function
isoform CHS5 and CHS7single deletion mutants and the CHS5/CHS7 double mutant grow poorly and exhibit small, hyperpigmented colonies with very little aerial mycelia as compared to the wild-type strain. The mutant strains also tend to grow into the potato dextrose agar media rather than growing evenly over the surface as compared to the wild type. The addition of 0.2 M KCl into the medium suppresses the mutant phenotype. Both isoforms are required for normal hyphal growth and maximal disease of maize seedlings and ear. Mutant strains are more sensitive to cell wall stressing compounds, e.g., Nikkomycin Z, than wild type. Mutant strains are significantly reduced in their ability to cause disease
physiological function
isoform Mcs1 consists of a myosin motor domain fused to a membrane-spanning chitin synthase region. Both domains are required for fungal virulence. Fungi carrying mutations in the chitin synthase domain are rapidly recognized and killed by the plant, whereas fungi carrying a deletion of the motor domain show alterations in cell wall composition but can invade host tissue and cause a moderate plant response. Mcs1-bound vesicles exhibit long-range movement for up to 20 mm at a velocity of ;1.75 microm/s. Apical Mcs1 localization depends on F-actin and the motor domain, whereas Mcs1 motility requires microtubules and persists when the Mcs1 motor domain is deleted
physiological function
presence of alternative exons CHSA-2a and CHSA-2b. Transcripts of both exons are preferentially expressed in epidermis. Gene silencing of CHSA-2a causes incomplete molting, while silencing of CHSA-2b exclusively influences the head cuticle formation of the 3rd instar larval
physiological function
chitin synthase is the key regulatory enzyme for chitin synthesis and excretion in insects, as well as a specific target of insecticides. Chitin synthase A gene BmChsA is an epidermis-specific expressed gene during the molting stage. Expression of gene BmChsA is regulated by endocrine hormones, which directly affect the chitin synthesis-dependent epidermal regeneration and molting process. BmChsA gene expression is strongly regulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone
physiological function
chitin synthase is the key regulatory enzyme in chitin synthesis and excretion in insects, and a specific target of insecticides. Expression of BmChsB is regulated by insect hormones, and directly affects the chitin-synthesis-dependent form of the peritrophic membrane and protects the food intake and molting process of silkworm larvae. Gene BmChsB is a midgut-specific gene induced by insect hormones and involved in protecting the food intake of Bombyx mori larvae
physiological function
chitin synthase PdChsVII is required for development, cell wall integrity and virulence in the citrus postharvest pathogen Penicillium digitatum. Differential expression of chitin synthase genes in PdchsVII mutants in response to infection
physiological function
chitin synthases transfer GlcNAc from UDP-GlcNAc to preexisting chitin chains in reactions that are typically stimulated by free GlcNAc. The enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of chitin, a homopolymer of beta-1,4-linked GlcNAc residues and a key component of fungal cell walls and the arthropod exoskeleton
physiological function
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CHS catalyzes the transfer of sugar moieties from activated sugar donors to specific acceptors in all chitin-containing organisms
physiological function
enzyme BcChsVI is necessary for proper hyphal growth and pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea on tomato leaves, the radial lesion induced by the wild-type strain B05.10 spread rapidly and totally invaded the leaf at 4 days post inoculation
physiological function
isozyme CHS-6 is important for apical growth and hyphal morphology, it is involved in vegetative growth
physiological function
isozymes CHS-3 and CHS-5 have an important role during asexual and sexual reproduction
physiological function
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isozymes Chs2 and Chs4 may play major roles in septum formation and cell wall chitin synthesis respectively, whereas isozymes Csm1 and Csm2 are involved in the maintenance of cell wall architecture and/or cell wall integrity. Isozyme Chs3 seems to be involved in cellular morphogenesis
physiological function
the extracellular domain ArCS1_E22 is involved in regulating the multiple enzyme activities of Ar-CS1 such as chitin synthesis and myosin movements by interaction with mineral surfaces and eventually by protein assembly. The protein complexes can locally probe the status of mineralization according to pH unless ions and pCO2 are balanced with suitable buffer substances. The intact enzyme can act as a force sensor. The shell formation is coordinated physiologically with precise adjustment of cellular activities to the structure, topography and stiffness at the mineralizing interface
physiological function
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isoform CHSA-2b is responsible for mid-pupal wing growth
physiological function
the enzyme is involved in mycelial growth, sporangial production, zoospore release and pathogenesis of Phytophthora capsici
physiological function
the enzyme is involved in mycelial growth, sporangial production, zoospore release and pathogenesis of Phytophthora sojae
physiological function
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the enzyme plays essential role an in cytokinesis
physiological function
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the enzyme regulates mycelial growth and co-regulates conidiation. The enzyme also plays an important role in the response to cell wall stress
physiological function
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chitin synthase PdChsVII is required for development, cell wall integrity and virulence in the citrus postharvest pathogen Penicillium digitatum. Differential expression of chitin synthase genes in PdchsVII mutants in response to infection
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physiological function
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isozymes Chs2 and Chs4 may play major roles in septum formation and cell wall chitin synthesis respectively, whereas isozymes Csm1 and Csm2 are involved in the maintenance of cell wall architecture and/or cell wall integrity. Isozyme Chs3 seems to be involved in cellular morphogenesis
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physiological function
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isozymes CHS-3 and CHS-5 have an important role during asexual and sexual reproduction
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physiological function
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isozyme CHS-6 is important for apical growth and hyphal morphology, it is involved in vegetative growth
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physiological function
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the enzyme is involved in mycelial growth, sporangial production, zoospore release and pathogenesis of Phytophthora sojae
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physiological function
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the enzyme regulates mycelial growth and co-regulates conidiation. The enzyme also plays an important role in the response to cell wall stress
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physiological function
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the enzyme plays essential role an in cytokinesis
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physiological function
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mutants lacking isoform CHS7 or isoform CHS5 do not produce perithecia or cause disease on barley heads. Mutant cells form balloon-shaped hyphae and intrahyphal hyphae, their cell wall rigidity is weaker than that of wild-type
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physiological function
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enzyme BcChsVI is necessary for proper hyphal growth and pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea on tomato leaves, the radial lesion induced by the wild-type strain B05.10 spread rapidly and totally invaded the leaf at 4 days post inoculation
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physiological function
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the enzyme is involved in mycelial growth, sporangial production, zoospore release and pathogenesis of Phytophthora capsici
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additional information
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chitin content in and morphological features of wild-type and enzyme mutant cells, overview
additional information
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chitin content in and morphological features of wild-type and enzyme mutant cells, overview
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D562A
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almost complete loss of activity
E561A
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almost complete loss of activity
Q601A
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almost complete loss of activity
R563A
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almost complete loss of activity
R602A
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almost complete loss of activity
R603A
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almost complete loss of activity
R604A
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almost complete loss of activity
V377I
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enhanced emzymic activity in vitro. Mutation suppresses mutations in the C2 domain of INN1 protein, which is required for ingression
W605A
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almost complete loss of activity
Y521A
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almost complete loss of activity
additional information
gene BmChsB RNA interfering analysis, overview
additional information
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gene BmChsB RNA interfering analysis, overview
additional information
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expression of the central domain of chitin synthase isoform 3a, i.e. Spsa GntI Core, as inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli. The fragment does not show chitin synthase activity but shows specific binding for the substrate UDP-GlcNAc with a dissociation constant similar to the Michaelis constant, and a major contribution of the uracil moiety for recognition is confirmed
additional information
the gene is disrupted through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation
additional information
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the gene is disrupted through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation
additional information
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the gene is disrupted through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation
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additional information
construction of isozyme deficient mutant cells, analysis of chitin ghosts of chs mutant strains by shadow-cast transmission electron microscopy show that the long-chitin microfibrils are absent in chs8 mutants and the short-chitin rodlets are absent in chs3 mutants. The inferred site of chitin microfibril synthesis of these Chs enzymes is corroborated by their localization determined in Chsp-YFP-expressing strains, overview
additional information
construction of isozyme deficient mutant cells, analysis of chitin ghosts of chs mutant strains by shadow-cast transmission electron microscopy show that the long-chitin microfibrils are absent in chs8 mutants and the short-chitin rodlets are absent in chs3 mutants. The inferred site of chitin microfibril synthesis of these Chs enzymes is corroborated by their localization determined in Chsp-YFP-expressing strains, overview
additional information
construction of isozyme deficient mutant cells, analysis of chitin ghosts of chs mutant strains by shadow-cast transmission electron microscopy show that the long-chitin microfibrils are absent in chs8 mutants and the short-chitin rodlets are absent in chs3 mutants. The inferred site of chitin microfibril synthesis of these Chs enzymes is corroborated by their localization determined in Chsp-YFP-expressing strains, overview
additional information
construction of isozyme deficient mutant cells, analysis of chitin ghosts of chs mutant strains by shadow-cast transmission electron microscopy show that the long-chitin microfibrils are absent in chs8 mutants and the short-chitin rodlets are absent in chs3 mutants. The inferred site of chitin microfibril synthesis of these Chs enzymes is corroborated by their localization determined in Chsp-YFP-expressing strains, overview
additional information
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construction of isozyme deficient mutant cells, analysis of chitin ghosts of chs mutant strains by shadow-cast transmission electron microscopy show that the long-chitin microfibrils are absent in chs8 mutants and the short-chitin rodlets are absent in chs3 mutants. The inferred site of chitin microfibril synthesis of these Chs enzymes is corroborated by their localization determined in Chsp-YFP-expressing strains, overview
additional information
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construction of null mutants of CHS V isozyme, which shows srongly impaired vegetative growth and pathogenicity, CHS class V mutants do not develop macroscopically visible anthracnose disease symptoms and are nonpathogenic, phenotype, overview
additional information
construction of null mutants of CHS V isozyme, which shows srongly impaired vegetative growth and pathogenicity, CHS class V mutants do not develop macroscopically visible anthracnose disease symptoms and are nonpathogenic, phenotype, overview
additional information
construction of null mutants of CHS V isozyme, which shows srongly impaired vegetative growth and pathogenicity, CHS class V mutants do not develop macroscopically visible anthracnose disease symptoms and are nonpathogenic, phenotype, overview
additional information
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mutants of class I isozyme do not differ from the wild-type isozyme
additional information
mutants of class I isozyme do not differ from the wild-type isozyme
additional information
mutants of class I isozyme do not differ from the wild-type isozyme
additional information
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mutants of class III isozyme do not differ from the wild-type isozyme
additional information
mutants of class III isozyme do not differ from the wild-type isozyme
additional information
mutants of class III isozyme do not differ from the wild-type isozyme
additional information
expression of a 12 kDa Myo12p epitope located in the C-terminal end of the N-terminal myosin motorlike domain with a P-loop, and use for generation of antibodies
additional information
targeted disrupted single DELTAchsVb and double DELTAchsVDELTAchsVb mutants are unable to infect and colonize tomato plants or grow invasively on tomato fruit tissue, the strains are hypersensitive to compounds that interfere with fungal cell wall assembly, produce lemon-like shaped conidia, and show swollen balloon-like structures in hyphal subapical regions, thickened walls, aberrant septa, and intrahyphal hyphae, phenotypes, overview
additional information
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targeted disrupted single DELTAchsVb and double DELTAchsVDELTAchsVb mutants are unable to infect and colonize tomato plants or grow invasively on tomato fruit tissue, the strains are hypersensitive to compounds that interfere with fungal cell wall assembly, produce lemon-like shaped conidia, and show swollen balloon-like structures in hyphal subapical regions, thickened walls, aberrant septa, and intrahyphal hyphae, phenotypes, overview
additional information
construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-1
additional information
construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-1
additional information
construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-1
additional information
construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-1
additional information
construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-1
additional information
construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-1
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-1
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-2
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-2
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-2
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-2
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-2
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-2
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-2
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-3
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-3
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-3
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-3
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-3
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-3
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-3
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-4
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-4
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-4
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-4
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-4
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-4
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-4
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-5
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-5
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-5
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-5
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-5
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-5
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-5
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-6
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-6
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-6
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-6
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-6
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-6
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-6
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-1
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-3
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-2
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-4
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-5
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construction of a deletion mutant of isozyme CHS-6
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determination and analysis of the polymorphism patterns of the class II chitin synthase gene chs2, sequence tree, detailed overview
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determination and analysis of the polymorphism patterns of the class II chitin synthase gene chs2, sequence tree, detailed overview
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determination and analysis of the polymorphism patterns of the class II chitin synthase gene chs2, sequence tree, detailed overview
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functional expression in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae chs3 null mutant results in an increase in total chitin synthase activity and in chitin content in its cell wall
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functional expression in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae chs3 null mutant results in an increase in total chitin synthase activity and in chitin content in its cell wall
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disruption of the gene coding PdChsVII, which contains a short version of a myosin motor domain, has been achieved by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL-1-mediated transformation, morphological changes and chitin content in Penicillium digitatum PdchsVII disruption strains, overview
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disruption of the gene coding PdChsVII, which contains a short version of a myosin motor domain, has been achieved by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL-1-mediated transformation, morphological changes and chitin content in Penicillium digitatum PdchsVII disruption strains, overview
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disruption of the gene coding PdChsVII, which contains a short version of a myosin motor domain, has been achieved by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL-1-mediated transformation, morphological changes and chitin content in Penicillium digitatum PdchsVII disruption strains, overview
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construction of a Chs2 mutant Chs2DELTAN222 lacking the N-terminal region
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screening for mutations synthetically lethal with chs3 in the indicator strain ECY46-4-1B, the thin cell wall phenotype is caused by a mutation of the Cdc28-activating kinase CAK1 gene, phenotype, reduced or increased CSIII activity, overview
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screening for mutations synthetically lethal with chs3 in the indicator strain ECY46-4-1B, the thin cell wall phenotype is caused by a mutation of the Cdc28-activating kinase CAK1 gene, phenotype, reduced or increased CSIII activity, overview
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mutations in isoform CHS2 may suppress mutations in the C2 domain of INN1 protein, which is required for ingression. The dominant CHS2 alleles also suppress cytokinesis defects produced by lack of the Cyk3 protein
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construction of a Chs2 mutant Chs2DELTAN222 lacking the N-terminal region
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recombinant protein does not show in vitro activity
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recombinant protein does not show in vitro activity
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recombinant protein does not show in vitro activity
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disruption of Spodoptera exigua larval development by silencing chitin synthase gene A with RNA interference, injection of synthesized dsRNA/siRNA into the 4th instar larvae, resulting in cuticles that are disordered and epithelial walls of larval trachea that do not expand uniformly in injected individuals, phenotype, overview
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disruption of Spodoptera exigua larval development by silencing chitin synthase gene A with RNA interference, injection of synthesized dsRNA/siRNA into the 4th instar larvae, resulting in cuticles that are disordered and epithelial walls of larval trachea that do not expand uniformly in injected individuals, phenotype, overview
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adults treated with dsRNA for TcCHS-B exhibit little or no chitin in their PM and die about 2 weeks after injection, none of the TcCHS-B-treated females oviposite, which is probably a secondary effect caused by starvation, overview
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adults treated with dsRNA for TcCHS-B exhibit little or no chitin in their PM and die about 2 weeks after injection, none of the TcCHS-B-treated females oviposite, which is probably a secondary effect caused by starvation, overview
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adults treated with dsRNA for TcCHS-B exhibit little or no chitin in their PM and die about 2 weeks after injection, none of the TcCHS-B-treated females oviposite, which is probably a secondary effect caused by starvation, overview
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when dsRNA for gene TcCHS-A is injected into male or female pharate adults, all insects die 5-7 d after the adult molt, and the females fail to oviposit prior to death, when dsTcCHS-A is injected into young adults 1-2 d post-eclosion, a similar lethal phenotype is obtained after 5 d and no oviposition occurs, when dsTcCHS-A injections are delayed until after adult maturation 7-10 d post-eclosion, the treated females do oviposit and the resulting embryos appear to develop normally, however, the chitin content of the eggs is dramatically reduced, the embryos became twisted and enlarged, and the eggs do not hatch, overview
additional information
when dsRNA for gene TcCHS-A is injected into male or female pharate adults, all insects die 5-7 d after the adult molt, and the females fail to oviposit prior to death, when dsTcCHS-A is injected into young adults 1-2 d post-eclosion, a similar lethal phenotype is obtained after 5 d and no oviposition occurs, when dsTcCHS-A injections are delayed until after adult maturation 7-10 d post-eclosion, the treated females do oviposit and the resulting embryos appear to develop normally, however, the chitin content of the eggs is dramatically reduced, the embryos became twisted and enlarged, and the eggs do not hatch, overview
additional information
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when dsRNA for gene TcCHS-A is injected into male or female pharate adults, all insects die 5-7 d after the adult molt, and the females fail to oviposit prior to death, when dsTcCHS-A is injected into young adults 1-2 d post-eclosion, a similar lethal phenotype is obtained after 5 d and no oviposition occurs, when dsTcCHS-A injections are delayed until after adult maturation 7-10 d post-eclosion, the treated females do oviposit and the resulting embryos appear to develop normally, however, the chitin content of the eggs is dramatically reduced, the embryos became twisted and enlarged, and the eggs do not hatch, overview
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construction of deletion mutants of the 4 isozymes CHS1-CHS4, phenotypes, overview
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construction of deletion mutants of the 4 isozymes CHS1-CHS4, phenotypes, overview
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