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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 2.3.3.10 - hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC2.3.3.10
Word Map on EC 2.3.3.10
- 2.3.3.10
- cholesterol
- mevalonate
- sterol
- statin
-
isoprenoids
-
ketogenesis
- simvastatin
-
farnesyl
- lovastatin
- ketone
- peroxisome
- triglyceride
- hypercholesterolemia
- carnitine
-
low-density
-
srebps
-
element-binding
- pravastatin
-
ketogenic
- atorvastatin
-
thiolase
- hmgcr
- acetoacetate
- mevinolin
-
geranylgeranylation
-
isopentenyl
-
lipid-lowering
-
cholesterol-lowering
-
1.1.1.34
- 25-hydroxycholesterol
- squalene
- compactin
-
cholesterogenesis
-
cholesterogenic
-
srebp-1a
- ketosis
-
beta-lactone
-
statin-induced
- cerivastatin
- phosphomevalonate
-
simvastatin-induced
- rosuvastatin
-
non-sterol
- 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coa
- medicine
-
blattella
-
sterol-regulated
- synthesis
- germanica
-
cholestyramine
-
hypocholesterolemic
-
reductase-dependent
- analysis
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
2.3.3.10
-
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA = (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
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-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Acyl group transfer
condensation
hydrolysis
-
-
-
-
transacetylation
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-
-
-
Acyl group transfer
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-
-
-
condensation
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-
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-
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
acetyl-CoA:acetoacetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing, carboxymethyl-forming)
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9027-44-5
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase is transcriptionally regulated by isovalerate
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-
chicken
488093, 488095, 488099, 488100, 488101, 488103, 488105, 488106, 488107, 488111, 488113, 488114, 488116
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rat
488093, 488094, 488096, 488099, 488106, 488108, 488109, 488110, 488111, 488112, 488113, 488114, 488115, 488122
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stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats, SHRSPs, and their ancestral hypertensive but stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats, SHRs
SwissProt
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
metabolism
-
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase is the second enzyme in the cytosolic mevalonate pathway
physiological function
physiological function
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enzyme overexpression up-regulates 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, sterol methyltransferase 2, delta-24 sterol reductase, C-22 sterol desaturase, and brassinosteroid-6-oxidase 2, leading to enhanced sterol content and stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. Enzyme overexpressing Arabidopsis seeds germinate approximately 1 day earlier than wild type seeds. Enzyme overexpressing Arabidopsis seedlings show enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea, and detached leaves are delayed in H2O2-induced cell death
physiological function
the enzyme is involved in the mevalonate pathway in archaea. Archaea are characterized by cell membrane lipids that contain, as a major component, polyisoprenoids in ether linkages to glycerol rather than the ester-linked fatty acids that characterize membranes of other organisms. Archaeal polyisoprenoids derive from isopentenyl 5-diphosphate produced by enzymes of the mevalonate pathway
physiological function
oligodendrocyte progenitor cell migration and myelin gene expression require enzyme function of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthase I
physiological function
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enzyme-overexpressing tobacco plants produce more seeds that germinate earlier and show increased growth compared to the control
physiological function
-
the enzyme is involved in the mevalonate pathway in archaea. Archaea are characterized by cell membrane lipids that contain, as a major component, polyisoprenoids in ether linkages to glycerol rather than the ester-linked fatty acids that characterize membranes of other organisms. Archaeal polyisoprenoids derive from isopentenyl 5-diphosphate produced by enzymes of the mevalonate pathway
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
3-oxobutyryl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
3-hydroxy-3-methyl-5-oxoheptanedioyl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-3'-dephospho-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 3'-dephospho-CoA
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-ACP + H2O
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-ACP
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-
-
-
?
acetylpantetheine + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + pantetheine
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-
-
-
?
acetyl-3'-dephospho-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 3'-dephospho-CoA
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-
-
-
?
acetyl-3'-dephospho-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 3'-dephospho-CoA
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-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
key role in synthesis of various sterols and isoprenoids
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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regulation of isoprenoid synthesis and metabolism
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mevalonate pathway
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
pathway of ketogenesis in the mitochondria, mevalonate synthesis in the cytoplasm
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-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
second enzyme in the cytoplasmic mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
the enzyme is down-regulated by abscisic acid, osmotic stress and dehydration
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis
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-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
cytosolic synthase catalyzes the second step of cholesterogenesis from acetyl-CoA
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
produces a key intermediate in steroidogenic and ketogenic metabolic pathways
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-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme is involved in the synthesis of acetoacetate, cytoplasmic enzyme in that of mevalonate
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-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
commited step in the pathways for isoprenoid, cholesterol and ketone body production, cytosolic isoform involved in isoprenoid/cholesterol biosynthesis
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-
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acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
enzyme involved in ketone body production, control of hepatic fatty acid oxidation, potential control point for ketogenesis
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-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
key intermediate in cholesterogenic and ketogenic pathways, cholesterogenic isoform in cytosol, ketogenic isoform in mitochondria, committed step for both pathways
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
acetoacetate biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA pathway
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
potentially favorable position for the regulation of hepatic ketogenesis
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
key intermediate in cholesterogenic and ketogenic pathways, cholesterogenic isoform in cytosol, ketogenic isoform in mitochondria, committed step for both pathways
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
first committed step in isoprenoid biosynthesis
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-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
major cytoplasmic synthase, synthase II is implicated in cholesterol synthesis
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
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-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
synthesis of isoprenes and steroids
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-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
synthesis of isoprenes and steroids
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
key intermediate in cholesterogenic and ketogenic pathways, cholesterogenic isoform in cytosol, ketogenic isoform in mitochondria, committed step for both pathways
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the mevalonate pathway
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
pathway converting acetyl-CoA to ketone bodies
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + H2O
acetate + CoA
-
in absence of co-substrate enzyme hydrolyzes acetyl-CoA
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
the enzyme is involved in the mevalonate pathway. Archaea are characterized by cell membrane lipids that contain, as a major component, polyisoprenoids in ether linkages to glycerol rather than the ester-linked fatty acids that characterize membranes of other organisms. Archaeal polyisoprenoids derive from isopentenyl 5-diphosphate produced by enzymes of the mevalonate pathway
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
the enzyme is involved in the mevalonate pathway. Archaea are characterized by cell membrane lipids that contain, as a major component, polyisoprenoids in ether linkages to glycerol rather than the ester-linked fatty acids that characterize membranes of other organisms. Archaeal polyisoprenoids derive from isopentenyl 5-diphosphate produced by enzymes of the mevalonate pathway
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
D2DS62
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
A0A0C5ACA9
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
first organism known to have 2 functional cytosolic HMG-CoA synthases
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
first organism known to have 2 functional cytosolic HMG-CoA synthases
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
cholesterol feeding causes a significant reduction in the HMG-CoA synthase activity of the cytosolic fraction of liver
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the natural variant (V227A) of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) significantly attenuates PPARalpha-mediated transactivation of the cytochrome P450 4A6 and mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMGCS2) genes in the presence of fibrate ligands
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
the enzyme catalyzes a three-step ping-pong reaction involving an acylation, a condensation, and a hydrolysis
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
the enzyme catalyzes a three-step ping-pong reaction involving an acylation, a condensation, and a hydrolysis
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase is involved in an alternative pathway for isovaleryl-coA synthesis
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
feeding cholestyramine to rats causes a 2.6fold increase in the cytosolic activities of the synthase in liver
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
reaction is stereospecific and associated with an intramolecular hydrogen isotope effect, condensation proceeds with inversion of configuration at the methyl group
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme activity and mRNA levels are upregulated after 3-thia fatty acid treatment
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
acetyl-CoA homologues do not act as substrates
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
acetyl-CoA analogues can act as substrates, acetoacyl-analogues are no substrates
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
absolutely specific for the acyl-moiety of both its substrates, neither propionyl- nor butyryl CoA can replace acetyl-CoA
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
absolutely specific for acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA in the reaction, neither propionyl- nor butyryl-CoA can replace acetyl-CoA, no reaction observed when 3-oxohexanoyl-CoA is substituted for acetoacetyl-CoA
-
-
-
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54873
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
key role in synthesis of various sterols and isoprenoids
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54870, P54961
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
regulation of isoprenoid synthesis and metabolism
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mevalonate pathway
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
O51626
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
pathway of ketogenesis in the mitochondria, mevalonate synthesis in the cytoplasm
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
second enzyme in the cytoplasmic mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
the enzyme is down-regulated by abscisic acid, osmotic stress and dehydration
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54871
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P13704
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P23228
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
cytosolic synthase catalyzes the second step of cholesterogenesis from acetyl-CoA
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
produces a key intermediate in steroidogenic and ketogenic metabolic pathways
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme is involved in the synthesis of acetoacetate, cytoplasmic enzyme in that of mevalonate
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
commited step in the pathways for isoprenoid, cholesterol and ketone body production, cytosolic isoform involved in isoprenoid/cholesterol biosynthesis
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
enzyme involved in ketone body production, control of hepatic fatty acid oxidation, potential control point for ketogenesis
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P23228
key intermediate in cholesterogenic and ketogenic pathways, cholesterogenic isoform in cytosol, ketogenic isoform in mitochondria, committed step for both pathways
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
acetoacetate biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA pathway
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
potentially favorable position for the regulation of hepatic ketogenesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54868, Q01581
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54868, Q01581
key intermediate in cholesterogenic and ketogenic pathways, cholesterogenic isoform in cytosol, ketogenic isoform in mitochondria, committed step for both pathways
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
mitochondrial enzyme of liver functions in ketogenesis, its cytoplasmic counterpart participates in cholesterogenesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54869
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P93773
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P17425, P22791
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
first committed step in isoprenoid biosynthesis
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
major cytoplasmic synthase, synthase II is implicated in cholesterol synthesis
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54839
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
synthesis of isoprenes and steroids
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
synthesis of isoprenes and steroids
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54839
key intermediate in cholesterogenic and ketogenic pathways, cholesterogenic isoform in cytosol, ketogenic isoform in mitochondria, committed step for both pathways
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54874
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the mevalonate pathway
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
O02734
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
pathway converting acetyl-CoA to ketone bodies
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
D2WS91
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
Q9M6U3
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
H9CTV3
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
B3GDB1
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
A4GKI2
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
Q7ZWE2
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P23228
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
D4GWR6
the enzyme is involved in the mevalonate pathway. Archaea are characterized by cell membrane lipids that contain, as a major component, polyisoprenoids in ether linkages to glycerol rather than the ester-linked fatty acids that characterize membranes of other organisms. Archaeal polyisoprenoids derive from isopentenyl 5-diphosphate produced by enzymes of the mevalonate pathway
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
D4GWR6
the enzyme is involved in the mevalonate pathway. Archaea are characterized by cell membrane lipids that contain, as a major component, polyisoprenoids in ether linkages to glycerol rather than the ester-linked fatty acids that characterize membranes of other organisms. Archaeal polyisoprenoids derive from isopentenyl 5-diphosphate produced by enzymes of the mevalonate pathway
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
Q94ET0
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
A0A024R059
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
G7KER8
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P54869
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
F8QQQ9
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
I7FQY9
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P93773
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P17425
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
P22791
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
B9RC08
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
D2DS62
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
K7NBW5
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
A9LRT6
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
O02734
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
Q693N8
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
A0A061G5Y3
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA
A0A0C5ACA9
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
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the natural variant (V227A) of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) significantly attenuates PPARalpha-mediated transactivation of the cytochrome P450 4A6 and mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMGCS2) genes in the presence of fibrate ligands
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additional information
?
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hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase is involved in an alternative pathway for isovaleryl-coA synthesis
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-
-
additional information
?
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enzyme activity and mRNA levels are upregulated after 3-thia fatty acid treatment
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Mg2+
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INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(E,E)-11-(3-hydroxymethyl-4-oxo-2-oxytanyl)-3,5,7-trimethyl-2,4-undecadienoic acid
-
i.e. F-244
2-benzyl-9-(3,6-dioxocyclohexa-1,4-dienyl)-2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-6H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione
-
-
phenyl arsenious oxide
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in presence of CoA, residual activity 41%; residual activity 75%
(E,E)-11-[3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxo-2-oxytanyl]-3,5,7-trimethyl-2,4-undecadienenoic acid
-
-
(E,E)-11-[3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxo-2-oxytanyl]-3,5,7-trimethyl-2,4-undecadienenoic acid
-
-
acetoacetyl-CoA
-
inhibition of wild-type enzyme, no inhibition of mutant enzyme H188N and H188N/S259A
hymeglusin
i.e. (2E,4E,7R)-11-[(2R,3R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxooxetan-2-yl]-3,5,7-trimethylundeca-2,4-dienoic acid, time-dependent loss of activity is observed with more than 95% inhibition achieved at extended incubation times (10 min at 75-600 nM)
additional information
insensitive to feedback substrate inhibition by acetoacetyl-CoA
-
additional information
-
insensitive to feedback substrate inhibition by acetoacetyl-CoA
-
additional information
-
desulfo-CoA protects against bromoacetyl-CoA inhibition, but not against p-chloromercuribenzoate and N-ethylmaleimide
-
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.073
acetyl-CoA
-
comparison of kinetic parameters measured in spectrophotometric cuvette and microplate format assays, DELTA A412 nm standard assay
0.076
acetyl-CoA
-
comparison of kinetic parameters measured in spectrophotometric cuvette and microplate format assays, DELTA A300 nm standard assay
0.084
acetyl-CoA
-
comparison of kinetic parameters measured in spectrophotometric cuvette and microplate format assays, DELTA A412 nm microplate assay
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0389
(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
-
pH 7.5, 30°C, mutant enzyme H188N/S359A
0.0011
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
-
comparison of kinetic parameters measured in spectrophotometric cuvette and microplate format assays, DELTA A300 nm standard assay
0.0015
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
-
comparison of kinetic parameters measured in spectrophotometric cuvette and microplate format assays, DELTA A412 nm standard assay
0.0031
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
-
comparison of kinetic parameters measured in spectrophotometric cuvette and microplate format assays, DELTA A412 nm microplate assay
0.014
3-oxohexanoyl-CoA
-
pH 8.0, mixed inhibition, substrate acetoacetyl-CoA
0.07
desulfo-CoA
-
pH 8.0, mixed inhibition, substrate acetoacetyl-CoA
0.013
DL-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
-
pH 8.0, competitive inhibition, substrate acetyl-CoA
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IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00032
hymeglusin
Cricetinae
-
IC50: 0.00032 mM, inhibitor binds to the thiol residue of Cys
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
8.5
9.4
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7.5 - 9.5
-
pH 7.5: about 60% of maximal activity, pH 9.5: about 30% of maximal activity
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
30
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
enzyme is a direct target of c-Myc, which represses hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase transcriptional activity
anterior midgut, topically applied juvenile hormone III induced enzyme mRNA levels up to 6.5fold
additional information
-
expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2. No expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
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expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2. No expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
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expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2. No expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
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expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2. No expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
-
-
expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2. No expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
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-
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488093, 488095, 488096, 488098, 488099, 488100, 488101, 488102, 488103, 488105, 488106, 488107, 488110, 488111, 488113, 488114, 488115, 488116, 488122
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hepatic mRNA expression of 3-hydroxyl-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA synthase is significantly decreased (27%) in the liver of gallstone patients compared with gallstone-free patients
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-
488093, 488094, 488096, 488099, 488102, 488106, 488108, 488109, 488110, 488111, 488113, 488114, 488115, 488120, 488122, 657803, 658185
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developmental regulation. Expression is highest in young hypocotyls and is induced during the greening of etiolated cotyledons
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mRNA levels in newborn rats is low, when suckling begins, there is a net increase in gene expression up to day 12, levels then plateau until day 15, and then decreases progressively throughout the suckling period, becoming zero after weaning (day 21) and remains so in the adult rat
additional information
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in flower bud expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2, no expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
additional information
-
in flower bud expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2, no expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
-
additional information
-
in flower bud expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2, no expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
-
additional information
-
in flower bud expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2, no expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
-
additional information
-
in flower bud expression of BjHMGS1 and BjHMGS2, no expression of BjHMGS3 and BjHMGS4
-
additional information
-
no expressed in small intestine, stomach, kidney, ovary or testis
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
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