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Information on EC 2.3.1.149 - Platelet-activating factor acetyltransferase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC2.3.1.149
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EC Tree 2 Transferases
2.3 Acyltransferases
2.3.1 Transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups
2.3.1.149 Platelet-activating factor acetyltransferase
IUBMB Comments
Catalyses the transfer of the acetyl group from 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (platelet-activating factor) to the sn-2 position of lyso-glycerophospholipids containing ethanolamine, choline, serine, inositol or phosphate groups at the sn-3 position as well as to sphingosine and long-chain fatty alcohols. The organyl group can be alkyl, acyl or alk-1-enyl (sometimes also collectively referred to as ’radyl’).
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
- 2.3.1.149
- lipoprotein
- paf-acetylhydrolase
- phospholipase
- hdl
- atherosclerosis
-
low-density
-
hdl-associated
-
lipoprotein-associated
- paraoxonase
-
paf-like
-
atherogenic
-
lyso-paf
- lissencephaly
-
antiatherogenic
- lis1
-
normolipidemic
- pla2g7
-
paf-induced
-
paf-receptor
-
cholinephosphotransferase
Reaction Schemes
showSynonyms
paf-ah, platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase, paf acetyltransferase, platelet-activating factor acetyltransferase, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
PAF acetyltransferase
-
-
-
-
PAF-AH
PAF: acyllyso-GPC transacetylase
-
-
-
-
platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase
PAF-AH
-
enzyme inactivates PAF bioactivity and possesses both acetylhydrolase and transacetylase activities
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid = 1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-organyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Acyl group transfer
-
-
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
1-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine:1-organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid acetyltransferase
Catalyses the transfer of the acetyl group from 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (platelet-activating factor) to the sn-2 position of lyso-glycerophospholipids containing ethanolamine, choline, serine, inositol or phosphate groups at the sn-3 position as well as to sphingosine and long-chain fatty alcohols. The organyl group can be alkyl, acyl or alk-1-enyl (sometimes also collectively referred to as 'radyl').
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9012-30-0
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
1-organyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-acyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
-
Substrates: 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is termed lyso-PC
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acyllyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acyllyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphoinositol
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acyllyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + alkyllyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cis-9-octadecen-1-ol
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + lyso-phosphatidylcholine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + lysoplasmalogen
1-Alk-1-enyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + ?
-
Substrates: 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is platelet-activating factor
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + radyllyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-Alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + radyllyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-decanoyl-2-[4-nitrophenylglutaryl] phosphate + lyso-phosphatidylcholine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
1-organyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-O-hexadecanoyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
-
Substrates: 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is termed C16:0 lyso-PC
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + lyso-phosphatidylcholine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
1-organyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-O-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
-
Substrates: 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is termed lyso-PAF, artificial substrate
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
1-organyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-O-hexadecyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
1-palmitoyl-2-(15-F2-isoprostanoyl)-sn-glycero-e-phosphocholine + lyso-phosphatidylcholine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospocholine + lyso-phosphatidylcholine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-palmitoyl-2-butyryl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + lyso-phosphatidylcholine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
2-thio-platelet activating-factor + lyso-phosphatidylcholine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
Hexadecyl-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + alk-1-enyllyso-sn-glycero-phosphoethanolamine
?
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
1-organyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-O-hexadecyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
-
Substrates: 1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is termed C16:0 lyso-PAF
Products: -
Products: -
?
1-O-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-organyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
1-organyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-O-hexadecyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phospholipid
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: ATP regulates the activity of the enzyme by reversible activation and inactivation via the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation cycle
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme may participate in the biosynthesis of ethanolamine plasmalogen and acyl analogs of platelet-activating factor, in vivo, finetuning of platelet-activating factor biological responses and cross-talk between de novo and remodeling pathways of platelet biosynthesis
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme transfers short-chain fatty acids from platelet-activating factor PAF and its close ether- and ester-linked analogues to ether/ester-linked lysophospholipids, enzyme activity distribution within different LDL-subfactions, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme also has a platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: PAF-AH II is a multifunctional enzyme with three catalytic activities: lysophospholipid transacetylase, sphingosine transacetylase and acetylhydrolase
Products: -
Products: -
-
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: ATP regulates the activity of the enzyme by reversible activation and inactivation via the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation cycle
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme may participate in the biosynthesis of ethanolamine plasmalogen and acyl analogs of platelet-activating factor, in vivo, finetuning of platelet-activating factor biological responses and cross-talk between de novo and remodeling pathways of platelet biosynthesis
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme transfers short-chain fatty acids from platelet-activating factor PAF and its close ether- and ester-linked analogues to ether/ester-linked lysophospholipids, enzyme activity distribution within different LDL-subfactions, overview
Products: -
Products: -
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-sulfonyl fluoride
-
i.e. Pefabloc, complete inhibition of both enzyme activities at 0.05 mM
diisopropylfluorophosphate
-
complete inhibition of both enzyme activities at 20 mM
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7.4
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
immunohistochemistry shows PAF-AH expression in the intima and in the media of the aorta
brenda
-
detected by immunohistochemistry in the media of mammary arteries
brenda
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
-
a deficiency of enzyme catalytic subunits in male mice causes an increase of body weight, food intake, and white adipose tissue weight
physiological function
physiological function
-
lyso- platelet-activating factor accumulation and an increase in platelet-activating factor bioactivity is observed in the aorta of some patients. In atherogenic aortas, an imbalance between PAF-AH and transacetylase activity, as well as lyso-platelet-activating factor accumulation, may lead to unregulated platelet-activating factor formation and to progression of atherosclerosis
physiological function
-
changes in enzyme catalytic subunits are involved in adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 and obesity in mice
physiological function
-
the enzyme participates in regulating platelet activating-factor levels in monocytes and macrophages. The enzyme protects cells against oxidative stress and attenuates mast cell activation
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
homodimer or heterodimer
-
thee catalytic subunits switch from alpha1/alpha2 heterodimer to alpha2/alpha2 homodimer during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 Cells
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
C120S
-
the acetylhydrolase activity of the enzyme is not affected by the mutation
G2A
-
the acetylhydrolase activity of the enzyme is not affected by the mutation
R92H
the mutation leads to increased enzyme mass and activity and is not associated with the risk of preeclampsia in Chinese women
V279F
the mutation leads to completely eliminated enzymatic activity and is associated with the risk of preeclampsia in Chinese women
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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
60
-
60 min, loss of 10% transacetylase activity, acetylhydrolase activity is completely stable
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OXIDATION STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
enzyme activity is increased in the supplement group (receive Aloe gel, grape juice, Polygonum cuspidatum extract as well as vitamins) at 4 and 8 weeks compared with baseline levels
-
high enzyme levels are detected in tumor tissue and in the serum of BRCA1 mutation carriers of ovarian cancer patients
-
mean enzyme activity is reduced in children with severe anaphylaxis versus mild-moderate anaphylaxis
-
the amount of enzyme alpha1 subunit protein and mRNA is significantly reduced in 3T3-L1 differentiation, while the amount of the enzyme alpha2 subunit is not changed
-
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
medicine
medicine
-
decreased serum enzyme activity is a biomarker of severe anaphylaxis in children
medicine
-
the enzyme is an independent positive prognostic factor for overall survival in ovarian carcinoma and correlates with the Wnt signaling proteins pGSK3beta and beta-catenin
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Lee, T.C.; Uemura, Y.; Snyder, F.
A novel CoA-independent transacetylase produces the ethanolamine plasmalogen and acetyl analogs of platelet-activating factor (PAF) with PAF as the actetate donor in HL-60 cells
J. Biol. Chem.
267
19992-20001
1992
Homo sapiens
brenda
Balestrieri, M.L.; Servillo, L.; Lee, T.
The role of platelet-activating factor-dependent transacetylase in the biosynthesis of 1-acyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine by stimulated endothelial cells
J. Biol. Chem.
272
17431-17437
1997
Bos taurus
brenda
Tsoukatos, D.C.; Liapikos, T.A.; Tselepis, A.D.; Chapman, M.J.; Ninio, E.
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase and transacetylase activities in human plasma low-density lipoprotein
Biochem. J.
357
457-464
2001
Homo sapiens
brenda
Tsoukatos, D.C.; Brocheriou, I.; Moussis, V.; Panopoulou, C.P.; Christofidou, E.D.; Koussissis, S.; Sismanidis, S.; Ninio, E.; Siminelakis, S.
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase and transacetylase activities in human aorta and mammary artery
J. Lipid Res.
49
2240-2249
2008
Homo sapiens
brenda
Gavriil, L.; Detopoulou, M.; Petsini, F.; Antonopoulou, S.; Fragopoulou, E.
Consumption of plant extract supplement reduces platelet activating factor-induced platelet aggregation and increases platelet activating factor catabolism a randomised, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial
Br. J. Nutr.
121
982-991
2019
Homo sapiens
brenda
Upton, J.E.M.; Hoang, J.A.; Leon-Ponte, M.; Finkelstein, Y.; Du, Y.J.; Adeli, K.; Eiwegger, T.; Grunebaum, E.; Vadas, P.
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is a biomarker of severe anaphylaxis in children
Allergy
77
2665-2676
2022
Homo sapiens
brenda
Nakamura, Y.; Kihara-Negishi, F.; Tanigawa, K.; Kiriya, M.; Kadowaki, Y.; Imagawa, H.; Nakanishi, H.; Watanabe, S.; Maruyama, K.; Karasawa, K.
A complex of type I platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) catalytic subunits switches from alpha1/alpha2 heterodimer to alpha2/alpha2 homodimer during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells
Biol. Pharm. Bull.
46
257-262
2023
Mus musculus
brenda
Liao, Y.; Badmann, S.; Kaltofen, T.; Mayr, D.; Schmoeckel, E.; Deuster, E.; Mannewitz, M.; Landgrebe, S.; Kolben, T.; Hester, A.; Beyer, S.; Burges, A.; Mahner, S.; Jeschke, U.; Trillsch, F.; Czogalla, B.
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase expression in BRCA1 mutant ovarian cancer as a protective factor and potential negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway
Biomedicines
9
706
2021
Homo sapiens
brenda
Dong, L.; Li, Y.; Wu, H.
Platelet activating-factor acetylhydrolase II A member of phospholipase A2 family that hydrolyzes oxidized phospholipids
Chem. Phys. Lipids
239
105103
2021
Homo sapiens
brenda
Zhou, M.; Chen, M.; Bai, H.; He, G.L.; Liu, Q.Q.; Guan, L.B.; Liu, X.H.; Fan, P.
Association of the G994T and R92H genotypes of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase with risk of preeclampsia in Chinese women
Pregnancy Hypertens.
20
19-26
2020
Homo sapiens (Q13093)
brenda
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