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Information on EC 1.5.3.25 - fructosyl amine oxidase (glucosone-forming)

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
Reducing sugars such as glucose react with amino groups in proteins via the spontaeous Maillard reaction, forming an unstable product that undergoes spontaneous rearrangement to a keto amine compound. These reactions are known as glycation reactions, and the stable products are known as Amadori products. This enzyme, which contains an FAD cofactor, catalyses a deglycation reaction that regenerates the amine reactant. By-products are glucosone and hydrogen peroxide. The enzymes have been reported from fungi and bacteria, but not from higher eukaryotes. Specific enzymes differ in their substrate specificity. cf. EC 1.5.3.26, fructosyl amine oxidase (fructosamine-forming).
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Reaction Schemes
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an N-(1-deoxy-D-fructos-1-yl)amine
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Synonyms
amadoriase i, fructosyl amino acid oxidase, amadoriase ii, amadoriase, agae-like protein, faod-ao2, faoao2, faox-ii, faod-ao1, faoao1, more
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
a 2-[(3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexylidene]amine + H2O = D-glucosone + an amine
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(1b), spontaneous
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an N-(1-deoxy-D-fructos-1-yl)amine + O2 + H2O = D-glucosone + an amine + H2O2
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overall reaction
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an N-(1-deoxy-D-fructos-1-yl)amine + O2 = a 2-[(3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexylidene]amine + H2O2
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(1a)
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