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(+)-catechin + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
? + 2 H2O
high activity
-
-
?
(+)-catechin hydrate + 1/2 O2
?
(+)-catechin hydrate + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
(+/-)-catechin + O2
?
-
58.7% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + 1/2 O2
?
(1R,3R,4S,5R)-3-[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy]-1,4,5-trihydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid + O2
(1R,3R,4S,5R)-3-[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy]-1,4,5-trihydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
(1S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy]-1,3,5-trihydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid + O2
(1S,3R,4S,5R)-4-[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy]-1,3,5-trihydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
(R)-dopaxanthin + dehydroascorbic acid + O2
(R)-dopaxanthin quinone + L-ascorbic acid + H2O
(R)-tyrosine-betaxanthin + L-DOPA + O2
(R)-dopaxanthin + dopaquinone + H2O
-
i.e. (R)-portulacaxanthin II, the activity of the enzyme is not restricted to betaxanthins derived from (S)-amino acids
(R)-dopaxanthin is a pigment, quantitative product analysis
-
?
1,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone + O2
bracteatin + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 2-methyl-L-dopa + O2
2 2-methyldopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 4-methylcatechol + O2
2 4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
2 hydroquinone + O2
2 quinone + 2 H2O
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
2 L-tyrosine + O2
2 L-dopa
2 phenol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 pyrocatechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2',4',6',4-tetrahydroxychalcone + O2
aureusidin + H2O
-
-
-
?
2,3-dimethylphenol + O2
?
-
11% relative activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
2,4,5-trihydroxyphenethylamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
i.e., E-3-carboxy-2-(3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy)pentanedioic acid
-
-
?
2-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
i.e, E-2-(3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy)-3-(methoxycarbonyl)pentanedioic acid
-
-
?
2-hydroxy-1-[[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy]propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid + O2
3-C-carboxy-2-deoxy-4-O-[(2E)-3-(3-methoxy-4-oxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)prop-2-enoyl]pentaric acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2-methyl-L-tyrosine + O2
2-methyldopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2-methylresorcinol + O2
?
-
acts as enzyme substrate and inhibitor, low activity
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
2-O-caffeoylthreonic acid + O2
?
-
i.e., E-2-(3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy)-3,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid
-
-
?
2-[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid + O2
2-[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
3'-hydroxy-larreatricin + O2
3,3'-dihydroxylarreatricin
3-hydroxylation
-
-
?
3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone + 1/2 O2
?
-
quercetin
-
-
?
3,4,5-trihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + O2
?
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid + O2
?
3,4,5-trihydroxyphenethylamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
3,4,6-trihydroxyphenylalanine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyanisol + 1/2 O2
anisol o-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid + 1/2 O2
(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)acetic acid + H2O
-
isoenzymes 1-3, 22%, 13%, and 13% of L-dopa activity respectively
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid + O2
?
-
100% activity
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid + O2
?
-
9% of the activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenyl propionic acid + O2
2-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)propionic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + 1/2 O2
(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)acetic acid + H2O
-
DHPAA
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + O2
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol + O2
2-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)ethanol + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol + O2
2-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)glycol + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid + 1/2 O2
3-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)propanoic acid + H2O
-
DHPPA
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid + O2
3-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)propionic acid
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid + 1/2 O2
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid + H2O
-
-
-
?
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylalanine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid + O2
?
low activity
-
-
?
3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid + 1/2 O2
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid + H2O
-
-
-
?
3-aminophenol + O2
?
-
3.9% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
3-chlorophenol + O2
4-chloro-1,2-quinone + H2O
-
20% of 3-chlorophenol is oxidized after 2 h by tyrosinase
4-chloro-1,2-quinone subsequently undergoes a nucleophilic substitution reaction at the chlorine atom by excess phenol to give the corresponding phenol-quinone adduct 4-(3-chlorophenoxy)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione
-
?
3-fluorophenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxy-larreatricin + O2
3,3'-dihydroxylarreatricin
3'-hydroxylation
-
-
?
3-hydroxyanthranilic acid + O2
cinnabarinic acid + H2O
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxyphloridzin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3-methoxyphenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3-methylcatechol + O2
3-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylaminocarbonyl]-3-methyl-1-(4-acetylphenyl)triazene + O2
(2E)-3-(4-acetylphenyl)-N-[2-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)ethyl]-1-methyltriaz-2-ene-1-carboxamide + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylaminocarbonyl]-3-methyl-1-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)triazene + O2
ethyl 4-[(1E)-3-[[2-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)ethyl]carbamoyl]-3-methyltriaz-1-en-1-yl]benzoate + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
3-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylaminocarbonyl]-3-methyl-1-(4-tolyl)triazene + O2
(2E)-N-[2-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)ethyl]-1-methyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)triaz-2-ene-1-carboxamide + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
3-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylaminocarbonyl]-3-methyl-1-(4-acetylphenyl)triazene + O2
(2E)-3-(4-acetylphenyl)-1-methyl-N-[2-(4-oxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)ethyl]triaz-2-ene-1-carboxamide + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
3-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylaminocarbonyl]-3-methyl-1-(4-cyanophenyl)triazene + O2
(2E)-3-(4-cyanophenyl)-1-methyl-N-[2-(4-oxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)ethyl]triaz-2-ene-1-carboxamide + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
3-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylaminocarbonyl]-3-methyl-1-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)triazene + O2
ethyl 4-[(1E)-3-methyl-3-[[2-(4-oxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)ethyl]carbamoyl]triaz-1-en-1-yl]benzoate + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
3-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylaminocarbonyl]-3-methyl-1-(4-tolyl)triazene + O2
(2E)-1-methyl-3-(4-methylphenyl)-N-[2-(4-oxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)ethyl]triaz-2-ene-1-carboxamide + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-bromophenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-chlorocatechol + 1/2 O2
4-chlorocyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-chlorophenol + O2
4-chloro-1,2-quinone + H2O
4-ethoxyphenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-ethylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-ethylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-ethylresorcinol + O2
?
-
acts as enzyme substrate and inhibitor
-
-
?
4-hexylresorcinol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyanisol + 1/2 O2
3,4-dihydoxyanisol + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyanisole + O2
3,4-dihydoxyanisol + H2O
4-hydroxyanisole + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + 1/2 O2
3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxybenzoic acid + O2 + AH2
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid + H2O + A
4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol + O2
?
4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol + O2 + AH2
3,4-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid + O2
?
4-hydroxyphenyl propionic acid + O2
3,4-dihydroxyphenyl propionic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
4-hydroxyphenyl propionic acid + O2
?
4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid + O2
?
4-iodophenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-methyl catechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
5% of the activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
4-methyl-catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylbenzene-1,2-diol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
4-Methylphenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylresorcinol + O2
?
-
acts as enzyme substrate and inhibitor
-
-
?
4-n-butylresorcinol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-nitrocatechol + 1/2 O2
4-nitrocyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-nitrocatechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-t-butylphenol + O2 + AH2
4-t-butyl 1,2-benzoquinone + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
4-tert-butylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-(tert-butyl)benzo-1,2-quinone + H2O
4-tert-butylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-tert-butylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-tert-butylcatechol + O2
4-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
4-tert-butylcatechol + O2
?
4-tert-butylphenol + O2
4-tert-butyl 1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-tert-butylphenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-tyrosol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-[(4-methylphenyl)azo]-1,2-benzendiol + 1/2 O2
4-[(E)-(4-methylphenyl)diazenyl]cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
4-[(4-methylphenyl)azo]-phenol + O2 + AH2
4-[(4-methylbenzo)azo]-1,2-benzendiol + H2O + A
5,6-dihydroxyindole + 1/2 O2
1H-indole-5,6-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
adrenaline bitartrate + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-arbutin + O2
?
-
alpha-arbutin also has a weaker inhibitory effect on the monophenolase activity of the enzyme, molecular docking, overview. The hydroxyl group establishes hydrogen bonds with the peroxide ion and polar contacts with a copper ion as well as with residues H259 and H263. The aromatic ring position cannot be stabilized by Pi-Pi-interactions
-
-
?
alpha-methyl-DL-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
N-methyl-DL-dopa + H2O + A
alpha-methyl-dopa + O2
alpha-methyldopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
N-methyl-L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
caffeic acid + O2
? + 2 H2O
caffeic acid + O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
catechin + O2
catechin-O-quinone + H2O
catechin dimer + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechin trimer + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2 benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
catechol + 1/2 O2
o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
PPO from butter lettuce shows a higher affinity to 4-methylcatechol than to catechol
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + 1/2 O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
chlorogenic acid + O2
? + 2 H2O
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
Coke gallic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
D-ascorbic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
D-dopa + 1/2 O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
D-dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
D-DOPA + O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
D-dopa + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
D-Tyr + O2
D-dopa + H2O
-
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
D-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
D-tyrosine + O2
D-dopa + H2O
D-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
D-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
D-dopa + H2O + A
D-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
deoxyarbutin + O2
?
oxytyrosinase is able to hydroxylate deoxyarbutin and finishes the catalytic cycle by oxidizing the formed o-diphenol to quinone, while the enzyme becomes deoxytyrosinase, which evolves to oxytyrosinase in the presence of oxygen. deoxyarbutin can alsio act as enzyme inhibitor. This compound is the only one described that does not release o-diphenol after the hydroxylation step. Oxytyrosinase hydroxylates the deoxyarbutin in ortho position of the phenolic hydroxyl group by means of an aromatic electrophilic substitution. As the oxygen orbitals and the copper atoms are not coplanar, but in axial/equatorial position, the concerted oxidation/reduction cannot occur and the release of a copper atom to bind again in coplanar position, enabling the oxidation/reduction or release of the o-diphenol from the active site to the medium. In the case of deoxyarbutin, the o-diphenol formed is repulsed by the water due to its hydrophobicity, and so can bind correctly and be oxidized to a quinone before being released
-
-
?
diphenol + O2
?
Helix vulgaris
-
-
-
-
r
DL-2-methyltyrosine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
DL-dopa + 1/2 O2
DL-dopaquinone + H2O
DL-dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
DL-DOPA + O2
DL-dopaquinone + H2O
-
78% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
DL-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
DL-tyrosine + O2
DL-DOPA + H2O
-
20.6% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
DL-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
DL-dopa + H2O + A
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
Dopa + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
dopa methyl ester + O2
dopaquinone methyl ester + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopaminequinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopamine + O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
epicatechin + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
epicatechin gallate + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
epigallocatechin + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
epigallocatechin + O2
epigallocatechin-O-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
epigallocatechin gallate + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
epigallocatechin gallate + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
esculetin + 1/2 O2
2H-chromene-2,6,7-trione + H2O
-
demonstration, that esculetin is no inhibitor, but a substrate of mushroom polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and horseradish peroxidase (POD)
-
-
?
esculetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2 + AH2
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid + H2O + A
gallate + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
gallic acid + 1/2 O2
5-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
gamma-L-glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene + O2
gamma-L-glutaminyl-3,4-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
gamma-L-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene + O2 + AH2
gamma-L-glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
glycyl-glycyl-L-tyrosine + O2
?
-
3.4fold higher activity compared to Tyr
-
-
?
glycyl-L-tyrosine + O2
?
-
2.9fold higher activity compared to Tyr
-
-
?
guaiacolum + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydroquinone + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydroquinone monomethylether + O2
quinone monomethylether
-
-
-
?
hydroxyhydroquinone + O2
2-hydroxy-p-benzoquinone + H2O
-
the oxidation of hydroxyhydroquinone by O2 catalyzed by tyrosinase occurs simultaneously with the non-enzymatic oxidation of hydroxyhydroquinone at pH 7.0, the identical isosbestic points indicating that there is a stoichiometric transformation from hydroxyhydroquinone to 2-hydroxy p-benzoquinone, a red p-quinone
-
-
?
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + 1/2 O2
L-dopachrome + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
L-3-hydroxytyrosine + L-dopa + O2
?
L-adrenaline + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-alpha-methyl tyrosine + O2
L-alpha-methyldopa + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-alpha-methyldopa + H2O
L-alpha-methyl tyrosine + O2
-
-
-
-
r
L-alpha-methyldopa + O2
L-alpha-methyldopaquinone + H2O
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
dopachrome + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
Vibrio tyrosinaticus
-
-
-
-
r
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopachrome + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
L-DOPA + O2
L-dopachrome + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-Dopa + O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
L-dopa methyl ester + O2
?
L-isoproterenol + O2
1-[1-hydroxy-2-(propan-2-ylamino)ethyl]-3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-diene + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-Tyr + O2
L-Dopa + H2O
-
diphenolase activity
-
-
?
L-Tyr + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
L-tyrosine + H2O2
3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
L-tyrosine + O2
dihydroxyphenylalanine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopachrome + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
L-tyrosine + O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
L-tyrosine methyl ester + O2
?
L-tyrosine methyl ester + O2
L-DOPA methyl ester + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine methyl ester + O2 + AH2
L-dopa methyl ester + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
larreatricin + O2
3'-hydroxy-larreatricin
3'-hydroxylation
-
-
?
larreatricin + O2
3-hydroxy-larreatricin
3-hydroxylation
-
-
?
methyl 3-hydroxy-L-tyrosinate + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
methyl gallate + O2
methyl 5-hydroxy-3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylate + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
methylgallate + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
monophenol + O2
o-diphenol + H2O
-
-
-
?
N-acetyl-3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
N-acetyl-6-hydroxytryptophan + O2
?
-
-
-
?
N-acetyl-L-tyrosine + O2
N-acetyl-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
N-acetyldopamine + 1/2 O2
N-acetyldopamine quinone + H2O
N-acetyldopamine quinone + O2
1,2-dehydro-N-acetyldopamine + H2O
-
enzyme has both o-diphenoloxidase and N-acetyldopamine quinone:N-acetyldopamine quinone methide isomerase activity
-
?
N-beta-alanyldopamine + 1/2 O2
N-beta-alanyldopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
N-formyl-L-tyrosine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
N-methyl-3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
noradrenaline + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
norepinephrine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
o-diphenol + O2
o-quinone + H2O
o-methoxyphenol + O2 + AH2
1,2-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzene + H2O + A
p-coumaric acid + O2
caffeic acid + H2O
p-coumaric acid + O2 + AH2
caffeic acid + H2O + A
p-cresol + O2
4-methyl-o-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O
p-cresol + O2 + AH2
4-methyl-o-quinone + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2 + AH2
4-methylcatechol + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2 + AH2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O + A
p-hydroquinone + O2
?
-
2% activity compared to catechol
-
-
?
p-hydroxybenzoic acid + O2
?
-
less than 1% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
p-tyrosol + O2
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol + H2O
p-tyrosol + O2 + AH2
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol + H2O + A
phaselic acid + 1/2 O2
(2S)-2-[[(2E)-3-(3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy]butanedioic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2
catechol + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
phenol + O2 + AH2
catechol + H2O + A
phenol + O2 + AH2
o-dihydroxybenzene + H2O + A
phloretin + O2
?
-
the compound is a substrate and an inhibitor for tyrosinase
-
-
?
phloroglucinol + 1/2 O2
?
protocatechuic acid + 1/2 O2
3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic acid + O2
?
protocatechuic aldehyde + 1/2 O2
3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbaldehyde + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic aldehyde + O2
?
pyrocatechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
pyrocatechol + O2
?
-
-
-
?
pyrogallate + O2
?
-
-
-
?
pyrogallate + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
? + 2 H2O
quinol + O2
quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
resveratrol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
rhododendrol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
syringic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
tert-butylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-(tert-butyl)benzo-1,2-quinone + H2O
-
hydrophobic substrate
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
tyramine + O2
dopamine + H2O
tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
tyrosine + O2 + AH2
dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
tyrosol + O2
?
-
the compound is a substrate and an inhibitor for tyrosinase
-
-
?
vanillin + O2 + AH2
3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
60.8% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin hydrate + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin hydrate + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin hydrate + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin hydrate + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(+)-catechin hydrate + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + 1/2 O2
?
-
the major endogenous polyphenol in litchi pericarp
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
119% activity at 2.5 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
(-)-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
(R)-dopaxanthin + dehydroascorbic acid + O2
(R)-dopaxanthin quinone + L-ascorbic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
(R)-dopaxanthin + dehydroascorbic acid + O2
(R)-dopaxanthin quinone + L-ascorbic acid + H2O
-
(R)-dopaxanthin is a pigment, the reaction rate on the (R)-isomer of dopaxanthin is 1.9fold lower than that for the (S)-isomer
quantitative product analysis
-
?
(R)-dopaxanthin + dehydroascorbic acid + O2
(R)-dopaxanthin quinone + L-ascorbic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
(RS)-catechin + O2
?
-
isoenzymes 1-3, 96, 104, and 168% of activity with L-dopa respectively
-
-
?
(RS)-catechin + O2
?
-
83% of activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
2 4-methylcatechol + O2
2 4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 4-methylcatechol + O2
2 4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 4-methylcatechol + O2
2 4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
high activity
-
-
?
2 4-methylcatechol + O2
2 4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 4-methylcatechol + O2
2 4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
best substrate
-
-
?
2 4-methylcatechol + O2
2 4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
r
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
86% relative activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
r
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
51% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
85% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
92% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
92% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
r
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
the highest oxidase activity is observed against catechol
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
10.3% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
high activity
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
100% activity at 10 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
most suitable substrate
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 catechol + O2
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 hydroquinone + O2
2 quinone + 2 H2O
Emerita asiatica
-
no activity with hydroquinone
-
-
?
2 hydroquinone + O2
2 quinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
744014, 744483, 744486, 744488, 744490, 744491, 744495, 744511, 744669, 744671, 744676, 744818, 744819, 745086, 745095, 745130, 745133, 745138, 745139, 745406, 745819, 746193, 746346, 746498 -
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
r
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
best substrate
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
best substrate
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
best substrate
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
best substrate
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
Vibrio tyrosinaticus
-
-
-
-
r
2 L-dopa + O2
2 dopaquinone + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-tyrosine + O2
2 L-dopa
-
-
-
-
?
2 L-tyrosine + O2
2 L-dopa
-
-
-
?
2 L-tyrosine + O2
2 L-dopa
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
i.e., E-3-carboxy-2-(3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy)-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylhydroxycitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
2-O-caffeoylisocitric acid 6-methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3,4,5-trihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + O2
?
-
cytotoxicity of TOPA
-
-
?
3,4,5-trihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + O2
?
-
i.e. TOPA
-
-
?
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid + O2
?
-
trivial name gallic acid
-
-
?
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid + O2
?
-
trivial name gallic acid
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + O2
?
-
12% of the activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + O2
?
-
3-methylbenzothyazolinone hydrazone, MBTH, as chromophore coupling agent
-
-
?
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
?
4-chlorophenol + O2
4-chloro-1,2-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-chlorophenol + O2
4-chloro-1,2-quinone + H2O
-
91% of 4-chlorophenol is oxidized after 2 h by tyrosinase
4-chloro-1,2-quinone subsequently undergoes a nucleophilic substitution reaction at the chlorine atom by excess phenol to give the corresponding phenol-quinone adduct 4-(4-chlorophenoxy)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione
-
?
4-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-cresol + O2
?
-
root and pulp enzyme
-
-
?
4-cresol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-fluorophenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-fluorophenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyanisole + O2
3,4-dihydoxyanisol + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyanisole + O2
3,4-dihydoxyanisol + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
4-hydroxybenzoic acid + O2 + AH2
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid + H2O + A
-
50% of activity with L-dopa
-
?
4-hydroxybenzoic acid + O2 + AH2
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol + O2
?
-
the compound is a substrate and an inhibitor for tyrosinase
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenyl propionic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenyl propionic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid + O2
?
-
85% activity compared to 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid
-
-
?
4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-methoxyphenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-methoxyphenol + O2
?
-
40% relative activity compared to L-DOPA, weak monophenolase activity
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
oxidation of the substrate with NaIO4 in CHCl3, and [P]CHCl3
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
diphenolic substrate
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
PPO from butter lettuce shows a higher affinity to 4-methylcatechol than to catechol
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
efficient diphenolic substrates for cherry PPO
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
best substrate
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
good substrate
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
good substrate
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
good substrate
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
highest activity
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
highest activity, 183% activity at 10 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
Mushroom
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
Mushroom
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
catecholase/cresolase activity ratio of 41
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
4-methyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
?
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
?
-
90% activity compared to 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylcatechol + O2
?
-
-
-
?
4-tert-butylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-(tert-butyl)benzo-1,2-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
4-tert-butylcatechol + 1/2 O2
4-(tert-butyl)benzo-1,2-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-tert-butylcatechol + O2
4-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
4-tert-butylcatechol + O2
4-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
4-tert-butylcatechol + O2
?
-
-
-
?
4-tert-butylcatechol + O2
?
-
-
-
?
4-tert-butylcatechol + O2
?
-
-
-
?
4-[(4-methylphenyl)azo]-1,2-benzendiol + 1/2 O2
4-[(E)-(4-methylphenyl)diazenyl]cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
4-[(4-methylphenyl)azo]-1,2-benzendiol + 1/2 O2
4-[(E)-(4-methylphenyl)diazenyl]cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
synthetic substrate
-
-
?
4-[(4-methylphenyl)azo]-phenol + O2 + AH2
4-[(4-methylbenzo)azo]-1,2-benzendiol + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
4-[(4-methylphenyl)azo]-phenol + O2 + AH2
4-[(4-methylbenzo)azo]-1,2-benzendiol + H2O + A
-
synthetic substrate
-
-
?
alpha-methyl-DL-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
N-methyl-DL-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-methyl-DL-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
N-methyl-DL-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
beta-arbutin + O2
?
-
-
-
?
beta-arbutin + O2
?
-
alpha-arbutin also has a weaker inhibitory effect on the monophenolase activity of the enzyme, molecular docking, overview. The hydroxyl group establishes hydrogen bonds with the peroxide ion and polar contacts with a copper ion as well as with residues H259 and H263. The aromatic ring position cannot be stabilized by Pi-Pi-interactions
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
17% of activity with L-dopa
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
diphenolic caffeic acid is oxidized relatively fast by all tyrosinases, except only moderately by tyrosinase from Pycnoporus sanguineus
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + 1/2 O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
22% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
28% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
27% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
23% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
50% activity compared to catechol
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
60.9% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
31% activity at 2.5 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
31% activity at 2.5 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
caffeic acid + O2
caffeoyl quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechin + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
catechin + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
catechin + O2
catechin-O-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
catechin + O2
catechin-O-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
catechin + O2
catechin-O-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
pyrogallol and catechol are best substrates for catalysis and inactivation
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
24% of the activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
Emerita asiatica
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
diphenolic substrate
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
efficient diphenolic substrates for cherry PPO
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
125% of activity with L-dopa
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
catechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
reaction of EC 1.10.3.1
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
weak substrate
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
12% activity compared to 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
PPO has a great affinity for catechol
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
catechol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + 1/2 O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
best substrate
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + 1/2 O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + 1/2 O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + 1/2 O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + 1/2 O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
best substrate
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
formation of a highly reactive o-quinone intermediate which then can interact with NH2 groups of lysine, SCH3 groups of methionines and indole rings of tryptophan in nucleophilic addition and in polymerization reactions, the so-called browning and greening reactions
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
formation of a highly reactive o-quinone intermediate
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
80% relative activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
the major polyphenol oxidase substrate is chlorogenic acid
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
best substrate
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
best substrate
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
20.1% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
? + 2 H2O
best substrate
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
108% of activity with L-dopa
-
?
chlorogenic acid + O2
chlorogenoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
?
coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
?
cumaric acid + O2
?
Coffea guarini
-
-
-
-
?
cumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
cumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
D-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
D-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
D-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
D-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
D-catechin + O2
?
-
isoenzymes 1, 2 and 3, 90%, 86% and 188% of L-dopa activity respectively
-
-
?
D-catechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
D-catechin + O2
?
-
67% of activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
D-dopa + 1/2 O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
D-dopa + 1/2 O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
D-dopa + 1/2 O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms. Because the activity of the tyrosinase on tyrosine is practically nondetectable, no significant differences between the oxidation rates on the D-, DL- and D-forms of tyrosine can be measured for tyrosinase
-
-
?
D-dopa + 1/2 O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
D-dopa + 1/2 O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
D-dopa + 1/2 O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
D-dopa + 1/2 O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
D-DOPA + O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
D-DOPA + O2
D-dopaquinone + H2O
-
34.0% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
D-dopa + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
D-dopa + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
D-dopa + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
D-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
D-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
D-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
D-tyrosine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
D-tyrosine + O2
?
Vibrio tyrosinaticus
-
-
-
-
r
D-tyrosine + O2
D-dopa + H2O
-
20.3% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + O2
D-dopa + H2O
-
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + O2
D-dopa + H2O
-
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
D-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
D-dopa + H2O + A
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
D-dopa + H2O + A
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms. Because the activity of the tyrosinase on tyrosine is practically nondetectable, no significant differences between the oxidation rates on the D-, DL- and D-forms of tyrosine can be measured for tyrosinase
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
D-dopa + H2O + A
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
D-dopa + H2O + A
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
D-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
D-dopa + H2O + A
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
DL-dopa + 1/2 O2
DL-dopaquinone + H2O
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
DL-dopa + 1/2 O2
DL-dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms. Because the activity of the tyrosinase on tyrosine is practically nondetectable, no significant differences between the oxidation rates on the D-, DL- and D-forms of tyrosine can be measured for tyrosinase
-
-
?
DL-dopa + 1/2 O2
DL-dopaquinone + H2O
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
DL-dopa + 1/2 O2
DL-dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
DL-dopa + 1/2 O2
DL-dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
DL-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
DL-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
DL-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
Mushroom
-
-
-
-
r
DL-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
39% activity at 2.5 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
DL-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
DL-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
DL-epicatechin + O2
?
-
91% of activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
44% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
40% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
57% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
53% activity compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
DL-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
DL-dopa + H2O + A
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
DL-dopa + H2O + A
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms. Because the activity of the tyrosinase on tyrosine is practically nondetectable, no significant differences between the oxidation rates on the D-, DL- and D-forms of tyrosine can be measured for tyrosinase
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
DL-dopa + H2O + A
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
DL-dopa + H2O + A
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
DL-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
DL-dopa + H2O + A
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
Emerita asiatica
-
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-dopa
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
D-dopa
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-dopa
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-dopa
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-dopa
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopa + 1/2 O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
96% of the activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
Emerita asiatica
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
preferred substrates in terms of affinity in descending order: N-beta-alanyldopamine, dopamine, N-acetyldopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopa
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
diphenol
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
dopamine + 1/2 O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
hydrophilic substrate
-
-
?
dopamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
dopamine + O2
dopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
ellagic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ellagic acid + O2
?
-
high affinity substrate
-
-
?
epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
epicatechin + O2
?
-
23.4% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
epinephrine + O2
?
Emerita asiatica
-
-
-
-
?
epinephrine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2 + AH2
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2 + AH2
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
ferulic acid + O2 + AH2
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
gallic acid + O2
?
-
73% relative activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
gallic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
gallic acid + O2
?
-
39% activity at 2.5 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
Gly-Gly-L-Tyr + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
Gly-Gly-L-Tyr + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
Gly-L-Tyr-Gly + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
Gly-L-Tyr-Gly + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydrocaffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydrocaffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydrocaffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydrocaffeic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydroxyquinone + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydroxyquinone + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydroxyquinone + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
hydroxyquinone + O2
?
-
-
-
?
hydroxyquinone + O2
?
-
-
-
?
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
individually grafted onto a novel CSG1.0 membrane as a ligand
-
-
?
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-3-hydroxytyrosine + L-dopa + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-3-hydroxytyrosine + L-dopa + O2
?
Coffea guarini
-
-
-
-
?
L-3-hydroxytyrosine + L-dopa + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-3-hydroxytyrosine + L-dopa + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-3-hydroxytyrosine + L-dopa + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-alpha-methyldopa + O2
L-alpha-methyldopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-alpha-methyldopa + O2
L-alpha-methyldopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
676133, 685452, 685515, 685530, 685671, 686065, 686532, 687260, 687948, 688037, 688064, 689106, 689383, 689439, 689441, 689702 -
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
Helix vulgaris
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms. Because the activity of the tyrosinase on tyrosine is practically nondetectable, no significant differences between the oxidation rates on the D-, DL- and D-forms of tyrosine can be measured for tyrosinase
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
1.5fold higher affinity for L-tyrosine compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
1.5fold higher affinity for L-tyrosine compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-dopa + 1/2 O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
?
-
i.e. L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
696844, 697659, 697741, 697744, 698040, 698427, 699039, 699403, 699640, 700322, 712534, 712597, 713205, 727168 -
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
o-diphenolase activity
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
diphenolase activity
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
monophenolase activity
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
1% activity compared to 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-DOPA + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
Vibrio tyrosinaticus
-
-
-
-
r
L-Dopa + O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-Dopa + O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-Dopa + O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
100% activity
-
-
?
L-Dopa + O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
30% activity compared to catechol
-
-
?
L-Dopa + O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-Dopa + O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-Dopa + O2
L-dopaquinone + H2O
-
100% activity
-
-
?
L-dopa methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
?
L-dopa methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
?
L-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-epicatechin + O2
?
-
isoenzyme 1, 150% of L-dopa activity, isoenzyme 2 and 3, 170% and 175% of activity with L-dopa respectively
-
-
?
L-epicatechin + O2
?
-
155% of activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
L-epicatechin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-isoproterenol + O2
?
-
-
-
?
L-isoproterenol + O2
?
-
-
-
?
L-Tyr + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
10% of the activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
L-Tyr + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
L-Tyr + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-Tyr + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-Tyr-Gly-Gly + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-Tyr-Gly-Gly + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
TyrA has a relatively higher affinity to L-DOPA than many other tyrosinases, the monophenol oxidase activity of this enzyme is undetectable when the concentration of L-dopa was lower than 0.01 mM, while the maximum monophenol oxidase activity is detected with 0.05 mM L-DOPA as cosubstrate
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
TyrA has a relatively higher affinity to L-DOPA than many other tyrosinases, the monophenol oxidase activity of this enzyme is undetectable when the concentration of L-dopa was lower than 0.01 mM, while the maximum monophenol oxidase activity is detected with 0.05 mM L-DOPA as cosubstrate
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
o-dopaquinone is unstable in aqueous solution and rapidly suffers a non-enzymatic cyclization to leukodopachrome
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
o-dopaquinone is unstable in aqueous solution and rapidly suffers a non-enzymatic cyclization to leukodopachrome
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
Coffea guarini
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
o-dopaquinone is unstable in aqueous solution and rapidly suffers a non-enzymatic cyclization to leukodopachrome
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
pathway of melanin biosynthesis, detailed overview
cytotoxicity of L-DOPA
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
o-dopaquinone is unstable in aqueous solution and rapidly suffers a non-enzymatic cyclization to leukodopachrome
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
air saturated 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, 30°C
polymerizes to form melanin-like pigments
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
o-dopaquinone is unstable in aqueous solution and rapidly suffers a non-enzymatic cyclization to leukodopachrome
-
?
L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2
L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O
-
high activity, best substrate
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
6% activity compared to 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
Mushroom
-
-
-
-
r
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
low activity
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
Vibrio tyrosinaticus
-
-
-
-
r
L-tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
696650, 696667, 696694, 696844, 697659, 699239, 699403, 700853, 711435, 712597, 713205 -
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
o-monophenolase activity
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
diphenolase activity
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
monophenolase activity
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
2% relative activity compared to L-DOPA, weak monophenolase activity
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
35.6% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
very low activity, 6% activity at 2.5 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
Vibrio tyrosinaticus
-
-
-
-
r
L-tyrosine + O2
L-DOPA + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
-
individually grafted onto a novel CSG1.0 membrane as a ligand
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
-
enzyme initiates the formation of pigmentation, absence leads to forms of albinism
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
-
rate-limiting enzyme in melanin biosynthesis
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
685452, 685458, 685461, 685462, 685668, 685671, 687154, 687948, 687996, 688064, 689064, 689118, 689413, 689702 -
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
no activity with tyrosine
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
Emerita asiatica
-
no activity with tyrosine
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
no activity with tyrosine
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
radioactive substrate L-[3,5-3H]-tyrosine, specific activity 50 Ci/mmol
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
no activity with tyrosine
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
no activity with tyrosine
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
1.5fold higher affinity for L-tyrosine compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
1.5fold higher affinity for L-tyrosine compared to L-dopa
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
tyrosinase oxidizes L- and D-forms with similar rate
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
10% of activity with L-dopa
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
nearly no activity with the D-isomer, 7% of the activity with the L-isomer
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + O2 + AH2
L-dopa + H2O + A
-
L-forms of dopa and tyrosine are much better substrates than the corresponding D-forms
-
-
?
L-tyrosine methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine methyl ester + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
luteolin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
N-acetyldopamine + 1/2 O2
N-acetyldopamine quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
N-acetyldopamine + 1/2 O2
N-acetyldopamine quinone + H2O
-
enzyme has both o-diphenoloxidase and N-acetyldopamine quinone:N-acetyldopamine quinone methide isomerase activity
-
?
o-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
less than 1% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
o-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
58% of activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
o-diphenol + 1/2 O2
?
Helix vulgaris
-
-
-
-
?
o-diphenol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
o-diphenol + O2
o-quinone + H2O
-
low activity
-
-
?
o-diphenol + O2
o-quinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
o-methoxyphenol + O2 + AH2
1,2-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzene + H2O + A
-
trivial name guaiacol
-
?
o-methoxyphenol + O2 + AH2
1,2-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzene + H2O + A
-
trivial name guaiacol
-
?
o-methoxyphenol + O2 + AH2
1,2-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzene + H2O + A
-
trivial name guaiacol
-
?
o-methoxyphenol + O2 + AH2
1,2-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzene + H2O + A
-
trivial name guaiacol
-
?
o-methoxyphenol + O2 + AH2
1,2-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzene + H2O + A
-
trivial name guaiacol
-
?
o-methoxyphenol + O2 + AH2
1,2-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzene + H2O + A
-
trivial name guaiacol
-
?
orcin + O2
?
-
isoenzymes 1-3, 41%, 33%, and 25% of activity with L-dopa respectively
-
-
?
orcin + O2
?
-
42% of activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
oxyresveratrol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
oxyresveratrol + O2
?
-
tyrosinase hydroxylates the oxyresveratrol to an o-diphenol and oxidizes the latter to an o-quinone, which finally isomerizes to p-quinone. For these reactions to take place the presence of the Eox (oxy-tyrosinase) form is necessary, analysis of the catalytic mechanism, overview. The compound can also act as inhibitor of tyrosinase
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
caffeic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
caffeic acid + H2O
-
6.1% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2
caffeic acid + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2 + AH2
caffeic acid + H2O + A
-
artificial electron donors: NADH, dimethyltetrahydropteridine and ascorbic acid
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2 + AH2
caffeic acid + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2 + AH2
caffeic acid + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2 + AH2
caffeic acid + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2 + AH2
caffeic acid + H2O + A
-
p-coumaric acid is rapidly oxidized only by tyrosinase from Trichoderma reesei
-
-
?
p-coumaric acid + O2 + AH2
caffeic acid + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O
-
no activity
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O
-
no activity
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O
-
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O
relatively well oxidized
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O
-
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O
-
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
p-cresol + O2
?
-
20% activity at 2.5 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2 + AH2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2 + AH2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O + A
-
relatively well oxidized by tyrosinase
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2 + AH2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
p-cresol + O2 + AH2
4-methylpyrocatechol + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
p-tyrosol + O2
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
p-tyrosol + O2
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
p-tyrosol + O2 + AH2
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
p-tyrosol + O2 + AH2
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol + H2O + A
-
relatively well oxidized by tyrosinase
-
-
?
p-tyrosol + O2 + AH2
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol + H2O + A
relatively well oxidized
-
-
?
p-tyrosol + O2 + AH2
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
p-tyrosol + O2 + AH2
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phaselic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2
?
-
less than 1% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
phenol + O2
?
-
low activity
-
-
?
phenol + O2 + AH2
catechol + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2 + AH2
catechol + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2 + AH2
catechol + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2 + AH2
catechol + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2 + AH2
catechol + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2 + AH2
o-dihydroxybenzene + H2O + A
Emerita asiatica
-
no activity with phenol
-
-
?
phenol + O2 + AH2
o-dihydroxybenzene + H2O + A
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2 + AH2
o-dihydroxybenzene + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
phenol + O2 + AH2
o-dihydroxybenzene + H2O + A
-
-
-
-
?
phloretic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phloretic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phloridzin + O2
?
-
the compound is a substrate and an inhibitor for tyrosinase
-
-
?
phloridzin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phloroglucin + O2
?
-
1.6% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
phloroglucin + O2
?
-
87% of activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
phloroglucinol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
phloroglucinol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic aldehyde + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
protocatechuic aldehyde + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrocatechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
pyrocatechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
pyrocatechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
pyrocatechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
pyrocatechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
pyrocatechol + 1/2 O2
1,2-benzoquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
pyrogallol and catechol are best substrates for catalysis and inactivation
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
a triphenolic substrate
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + 1/2 O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
r
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
Emerita asiatica
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
isoenzymes 1-3, 210%, 263%, and 225% of activity with L-dopa respectively
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
99.9% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
92% activity at 10 mM substrate concentration
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
417% of activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
? + 2 H2O
low activity
-
-
?
pyrogallol + O2
? + 2 H2O
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
quercetin + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
resorcinol + O2
?
-
acts as enzyme substrate and inhibitor
-
-
?
resorcinol + O2
?
-
3% of the activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
resorcinol + O2
?
-
isoenzymes 1-3, 96%, 129%, and 100% of activity with L-dopa respectively
-
-
?
resorcinol + O2
?
-
67% of activity with L-dopa
-
-
?
syringaldazine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
syringaldazine + O2
?
-
-
-
?
syringaldazine + O2
?
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
trans-cinnamic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
Emerita asiatica
-
no activity with tyramine
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
monophenol
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
isoenzymes 1, 20% of L-dopa activity, isoenzyme2, 13% of activity with L-dopa, isoenzyme 3, 25% of activity with L-dopa
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
67% of activity with L-dopa
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
4-(2-aminoethyl)cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
?
-
2.5% activity compared to L-DOPA
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
tyramine + O2
dopamine + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
tyramine + O2
dopamine + H2O
-
-
-
-
r
tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
744483, 744486, 744488, 744495, 744511, 744676, 744819, 745130, 745138, 745139, 746193, 746346, 746498 -
-
?
tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
?
tyrosine + O2
dopaquinone + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
Festuca sp.
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
Lolium sp.
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
vanillic acid + O2
?
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
role of the enzyme in the biosynthetic scheme of betalains, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
streospecificity, and monophenolase and diphenolase activities and specificities dependent on conditions, overview
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?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme that catalyzes two distinct reactions of melanin synthesis: the hydroxylation of tyrosine by monophenolase action and the oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) to o-dopaquinone by diphenolase action
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?
additional information
?
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-
catalyzing the rate-limiting step for melanin biosynthesis
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?
additional information
?
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accepts both mono- and diphenols as substrates. The hydroxylation ability of the enzyme is also referred to cresolase or monophenolase activity (EC 1.14.18.1), and the oxidation ability to catecholase or diphenolase activity (EC 1.10.3.1). The tyrosinases generally have noticeably lower activity on monophenols than on di- or triphenols. Ferulic acid is not a substrate to any of the tyrosinases. The substrate p-coumaric acid is rapidly oxidized only by tyrosinase from Trichoderma reesei
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme shows low activity using mono- and triphenols as substrates but much greater activity with the diphenolic substrate
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase possesses cresolase/monophenolase and/or catecholase/diphenolase activities
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-
?
additional information
?
-
mushroom tyrosinase-associated lectin-like protein (MtaL) binds to mature Agaricus bisporus tyrosinase in vivo, binding structure analysis, overview. MtaL undergoes conformational changes upo tyrosinase binding, but the general beta-trefoil fold is conserved, it is essential for carbohydrate interaction in other lectin-like proteins
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mushroom tyrosinase-associated lectin-like protein (MtaL) binds to mature Agaricus bisporus tyrosinase in vivo, binding structure analysis, overview. MtaL undergoes conformational changes upo tyrosinase binding, but the general beta-trefoil fold is conserved, it is essential for carbohydrate interaction in other lectin-like proteins
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of both monophenols (cresolase or monophenolase activity) and o-diphenols (catecholase or diphenolase activity) into reactive o-quinones
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase exhibits two mechanisms of oxidation: monooxygenase (EC 1.14.18.1) and oxidase (1.10.3.1) activities. The enzyme is characterised by possessing four discrete oxidation states (deoxy-, oxy-, met- and deact-tyrosinase), detailed overview. The enzyme exhibits a lag period when employed in vitro and it is slowly inactivated by catechol substrates and is rapidly inactivated by resorcinols
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?
additional information
?
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-
development of a facile fluorescent assay for TYR activity based on dopamine functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs-Dopa), method evaluation, overview. Dopamine (Dopa) is covalently bound to CQDs through a simple one-pot hydrothermal method, and the prepared CQDs-Dopa exhibits a fluorescence emission at 499 nm under exciting wavelength at 310 nm with a quantum yield of approximately 2.1%. When TYR is mixed with CODs-Dopa, the dopamine moiety in CQDs-Dopa conjugate is oxidized to O-dopaquinone, and an intra-particle photo-induced electron transfer process consequently occurs between CQDs and O-dopaquinone to quench the fluorescence of CQDs-Dopa. TYR activity can be determined based on the fluorescence quenching degree of CQDs-Dopa. The assay covers two broad linear ranges: 44.4-711.1 U/l and 711.1-2925.4 U/l with detection limit of 17.7 U/l. The proposed fluorescent assay is applied to TYR activity measurement in human serum samples and might be useful for TYR activity assays in clinical applications
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
hydroxyhydroquinone autooxidation depends on the pH, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
monooxygenation of L-tyrosine gives dopaquinone which undergoes rapid intramolecular cyclization giving cyclodopa. Spontaneous redox exchange with dopaquinone then gives 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) and dopachrome. Thus, small amounts of monooxygenase activity, initially present, generate dopa from L-tyrosine and this activates more of the met-enzyme. N,N-Dimethyltyramine is oxidized to the corresponding ortho-quinone and undergoes cyclization but is unable to take part in redox exchange, and consequently no activating catechol is formed Rearrangement to a quinomethane prevents formation of an enzymeactivating catechol
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
monophenolase and diphenolase activities of mushroom tyrosinase are performed using L-tyrosine and L-DOPA, respectively, by measuring the dopachrome accumulation at 475 nm before immobilization on the chip surface for surface plasmon resonance analysis
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
resorcinol and some derivatives, 4-ethylresorcinol, 2-methylresorcinol and 4-methylresorcinol, all act as substrates of tyrosinase if the catalytic cycle is completed with a reductant such as ascorbic acid or an o-diphenol such as 4-tert-butylcatechol. The reaction can also be carried out, adding hydrogen peroxide to the reaction medium. Measurement of the activity of the enzyme after pre-incubation with resorcinol, 4-ethylresorcinol or 4-methylresorcinol points to an apparent loss of activity at short times. If the measurements are extended over longer times, a burst is observed and the enzymatic activity is recovered, demonstrating that these compounds are not suicide substrates of the enzyme. These effects are not observed with 2-methylresorcinol. The docking results indicate that the binding of met-tyrosinase with these resorcinols occurs in the same way, but not with 2-methylresorcinol, due to steric hindrance. The enzyme assays are performed in preenceof ascorbic acid or hydrogen peroxide. Molecular docking simulations and modeling, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the oxy form of tyrosinase (oxytyrosinase) hydroxylates alpha and beta-arbutin in ortho position of the phenolic hydroxyl group, giving rise to a complex formed by met-tyrosinase with the hydroxylated alpha or beta-arbutin. This complex can evolve in two ways: by oxidizing the originated o-diphenol to o-quinone and deoxy-tyrosinase, or by delivering the o-diphenol and met-tyrosinase to the medium, which would produce the self-activation of the system. If 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone hydrochloride hydrate is used, the o-quinone is attacked, so that it becomes an adduct, which can be oxidized by another molecule of o-quinone, generating o-diphenol in the medium. In this way, the system reaches the steady state and originates a chromophore, which, in turn, has a high absorptivity in the visible spectrum and can be measured. The catalysis cannot be quantified because the quinones generated in both cases are unstable. 3-Methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone, MBTH, is a very potent nucleophile, which, in its deprotonated form, attacks the o-quinone generated by the action of tyrosinase on alpha- and beta-arbutin. The addition of hydrogen peroxide is required and transforms Em to Eox, which is able to hydroxylate arbutin, although the o-quinone that is originated is unstable
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-
?
additional information
?
-
the proteolytically activated mushroom tyrosinase shows over 50% of its maximal activity in the range of pH 5-10 and accepts a wide range of substrates including mono- and diphenols, flavonols and chalcones. The activated AbPPO4 catalyzes both reactions observed for tyrosinase. The catechol oxidase activity proceeds typically with a rate two orders of magnitude faster than the hydroxylation and oxidation of monophenols. Of the tested substrates the enzyme exhibits the highest affinity and the lowest reaction rate for L-tyrosine. Activated AbPPO4 discriminates between enantiomers of tyrosine showing pronounced differences in the rate of the tyrosinase reaction. For tyrosine 1 mM of the L-enantiomer is converted at a rate of 1.22 U/mg, which is 2.58times faster than the rate on D-tyrosine. A slight increase in enantioselectivity is seen for the methyl ester of tyrosine
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the proteolytically activated mushroom tyrosinase shows over 50% of its maximal activity in the range of pH 5-10 and accepts a wide range of substrates including mono- and diphenols, flavonols and chalcones. The activated AbPPO4 catalyzes both reactions observed for tyrosinase. The catechol oxidase activity proceeds typically with a rate two orders of magnitude faster than the hydroxylation and oxidation of monophenols. Of the tested substrates the enzyme exhibits the highest affinity and the lowest reaction rate for L-tyrosine. Activated AbPPO4 discriminates between enantiomers of tyrosine showing pronounced differences in the rate of the tyrosinase reaction. For tyrosine 1 mM of the L-enantiomer is converted at a rate of 1.22 U/mg, which is 2.58times faster than the rate on D-tyrosine. A slight increase in enantioselectivity is seen for the methyl ester of tyrosine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the reactivity, the monomer (catechin/epicatechin) or oligomer (e.g. dimer, trimer) existing in Rhododendron pulchrum proanthocyanidins can take the place of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine
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-
?
additional information
?
-
tyrosinase catalyzes the o-hydroxylation of monophenols to the corresponding o-diphenols and the subsequent conversion of the o-diphenols to the corresponding o-quinones
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase catalyzes the o-hydroxylation of monophenols to the corresponding o-diphenols and the subsequent conversion of the o-diphenols to the corresponding o-quinones
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-
?
additional information
?
-
tyrosinase uses molecular oxygen as cosubstrate to catalyse the ortho-hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols (monophenolase activity), and the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones (diphenolase activity)
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-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate specificity allows elucidation of a likely mechanism of aurone formation from 2,4,6,4-tetrahydroxychalcone or PHC involving both tyrosinase and catechol oxidase activities of the Antirrhinum majus PPO, pathway overview. Starting with THC, tyrosinase and catechol oxidase activity result in 3-hydroxylation and formation of the corresponding o-quinone. Whether aureusidine synthase PPO carries out the 3-hydroxylation reaction in vivo, or whether a cytochrome P450 chalcone 3-hydroxylase is also involved is not definitively established. Aureusidine synthase, EC 1.21.3.6, likely forms the same quinone from 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone without the need for the 3-hydroxylation step. The resulting quinone is predicted to undergo a 2-step non-enzyme mediated rearrangement to form aureusidin
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?
additional information
?
-
tyrosinase is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the o-monohydroxylation of monophenols (phenols) to their corresponding o-diphenols (o-cresolase or monophenolase, EC 1.14.18.1) and their subsequent oxidation (catechol oxidase or diphenolase, EC 1.103.1) into reactive o-quinones. Molecular oxygen is used as an electron acceptor, and it is reduced to water in both the reactions. Subsequently, the resulting o-quinones undergo non-enzymatic oxido-reduction reactions with various nucleophilic moieties, producing intermediates which auto-polymerize spontaneously in dark brown pigments. The monophenolase activity is the initial rate-determining reaction in the process
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?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the o-monohydroxylation of monophenols (phenols) to their corresponding o-diphenols (o-cresolase or monophenolase, EC 1.14.18.1) and their subsequent oxidation (catechol oxidase or diphenolase, EC 1.103.1) into reactive o-quinones. Molecular oxygen is used as an electron acceptor, and it is reduced to water in both the reactions. Subsequently, the resulting o-quinones undergo non-enzymatic oxido-reduction reactions with various nucleophilic moieties, producing intermediates which auto-polymerize spontaneously in dark brown pigments. The monophenolase activity is the initial rate-determining reaction in the process
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?
additional information
?
-
tyrosinase catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA and then to dopachrome, which is subsequently polymerized spontaneously to melanin via a series of non-enzymatic reactions
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?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA and then to dopachrome, which is subsequently polymerized spontaneously to melanin via a series of non-enzymatic reactions
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-
?
additional information
?
-
tyrosinase is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the o-monohydroxylation of monophenols (phenols) to their corresponding o-diphenols (o-cresolase or monophenolase, EC 1.14.18.1) and their subsequent oxidation (catechol oxidase or diphenolase, EC 1.103.1) into reactive o-quinones. Molecular oxygen is used as an electron acceptor, and it is reduced to water in both the reactions. Subsequently, the resulting o-quinones undergo non-enzymatic oxido-reduction reactions with various nucleophilic moieties, producing intermediates which auto-polymerize spontaneously in dark brown pigments. The monophenolase activity is the initial rate-determining reaction in the process
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?
additional information
?
-
tyrosinase catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA and then to dopachrome, which is subsequently polymerized spontaneously to melanin via a series of non-enzymatic reactions
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?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme that catalyzes two distinct reactions of melanin synthesis: the hydroxylation of tyrosine by monophenolase action and the oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) to o-dopaquinone by diphenolase action
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?
additional information
?
-
-
most plant polphenol oxidases have catechol oxidase activity (oxidation of o-diphenols to their corresponding o-quinones, EC1.10.3.1) and the ability to hydroxylate monophenols to o-diphenols (tyrosinase, EC 1.14.18.1)
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?
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme catalyzes two distinct reactions: the o-hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols (acts like cresolase (E.C. 1.14.18.1.)) and the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones (acts like catecholase (E.C. 1.10.3.2.)). No activity towards monophenols (tyrosine) and low activity - towards trihydroxyphenol-phloroglucinol
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) shows little or no activity as a sole substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) are nuclear-encoded copper-containing metalloproteins involved in either the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols (EC 1.14.18.1, monophenol monoxinase, tyrosinase, and cresolase) or dehydrogenation of o-diphenols to o-quinones (EC1.10.3.1, diphenol oxygen oxidoreductase and catecholase). The enzyme from Camellia sinensis oxidizes epicatechins to yield theaflavins and thearubigins
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-
?
additional information
?
-
synthesis of theaflavins of polyphenol oxidase isozymes from tea leaves
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
synthesis of theaflavins of polyphenol oxidase isozymes from tea leaves
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with guaiacol. Synthesis of theaflavin an theaflavin gallates from different substrate by polyphenol oxidase, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with guaiacol. Synthesis of theaflavin an theaflavin gallates from different substrate by polyphenol oxidase, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
synthesis of theaflavin an theaflavin gallates from different substrate by polyphenol oxidase, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
synthesis of theaflavin an theaflavin gallates from different substrate by polyphenol oxidase, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mechanical damage by Hemileia vastatrix fungus, the causal agent of the leaf orange rust disease, inoculation and Leucoptera coffeella, the coffee leaf miner, infestation caused different responses in PPO activity in different Coffea species, level of damage or resistance, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity, overview, the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Coffea guarini
-
mechanical damage by Hemileia vastatrix fungus, the causal agent of the leaf orange rust disease, inoculation and Leucoptera coffeella, the coffee leaf miner, infestation caused different responses in PPO activity in different Coffea species, level of damage or resistance, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Coffea guarini
-
substrate specificity, overview, the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mechanical damage by Hemileia vastatrix fungus, the causal agent of the leaf orange rust disease, inoculation and Leucoptera coffeella, the coffee leaf miner, infestation caused different responses in PPO activity in different Coffea species, level of damage or resistance, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity, overview, the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mechanical damage by Hemileia vastatrix fungus, the causal agent of the leaf orange rust disease, inoculation and Leucoptera coffeella, the coffee leaf miner, infestation caused different responses in PPO activity in different Coffea species, level of damage or resistance, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity, overview, the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
mechanical damage by Hemileia vastatrix fungus, the causal agent of the leaf orange rust disease, inoculation and Leucoptera coffeella, the coffee leaf miner, infestation caused different responses in PPO activity in different Coffea species, level of damage or resistance, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity, overview, the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with resorcinol, phenol, and 2-naphthol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate specificity allows elucidation of a likely mechanism of aurone formation from 2,4,6,4-tetrahydroxychalcone or PHC involving both tyrosinase and catechol oxidase activities of the Antirrhinum majus PPO, pathway overview. Starting with THC, tyrosinase and catechol oxidase activity result in 3-hydroxylation and formation of the corresponding o-quinone. Besides aurone synthase PPO, a cytochrome P450 chalcone 3-hydroxylase is also involved in the 3-hydroxylation step
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity is detectable with L-tyrosine, tyramine or phenol as substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with resorcinol, phenol, and 2-naphthol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with resorcinol, phenol, and 2-naphthol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PPO is an enzyme concerning the o-hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols acting as cresolase, EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones acting as catecholase, EC 1.10.3.1
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with p-hydroxyphenylalanine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with resorcinol, phenol, and 2-naphthol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Festuca sp.
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase is known to be a key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis, involved in determining the color of mammalian skin and hair, various dermatological disorders, such as melasma, age spots and sites of actinic damage, arise from the accumulation of an excessive level of epidermal pigmentation
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme that catalyzes two distinct reactions of melanin synthesis: the hydroxylation of tyrosine by monophenolase action and the oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) to o-dopaquinone by diphenolase action
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with [3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid]
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with [3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid]
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
In Juglans regia, PPO is encoded by a single gene and has both catechol oxidase activity (oxidation of o-diphenols to their corresponding o-quinones, EC 1.10.3.1) and tyrosinase activity (hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, EC 1.14.18.1)
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinases and catechol oxidases (EC 1.10.3.1) are members of the class of type III copper enzymes. While tyrosinases accept both mono- and o-diphenols as substrates, only the latter substrate is converted by catechol oxidases. The crystal structure reveals that the distinction between mono- and diphenolase activity does not depend on the degree of restriction of the active site, and thus a more important role for amino acid residues located at the entrance to and in the second shell of the active site is proposed
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-
?
additional information
?
-
the purified native enzyme shows a rather high monophenolase activity compared to diphenolase activity
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?
additional information
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-
-
no activity with vanillin and tyrosine as a substrate
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additional information
?
-
-
pyrogallol is the most suitable substrate, followed by catechol and 4-methylcatechol. No activity is detected toward L-tyrosine, a monophenolic substrate
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?
additional information
?
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in Juglans regia, PPO is encoded by a single gene and has both catechol oxidase activity (oxidation of o-diphenols to their corresponding o-quinones, EC 1.10.3.1) and tyrosinase activity (hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, EC 1.14.18.1). The Larrea tridentate PPO gene product acts as a (+)-larreatricin 3'-hydroxylase in vivo
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?
additional information
?
-
the purified lenzyme also shows highly enantiospecific larreatricin-3'-hydroxylase activity, EC 1.14.99.47
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?
additional information
?
-
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polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
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?
additional information
?
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Lolium sp.
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the PPO from Lonicera confusa exhibits both diphenolase and triphenolase activities, substrates monophenol (L-tyrosine), diphenols (L-DOPA, catechol, caffeic acid) and triphenols (pyrogallic acid, methyl gallate and gallic acid) are used by the enzyme
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?
additional information
?
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substrate-binding site of cherry PPO has a high affinity for small o-diphenols, such as catechol, 4-methylcatechol or L-dopa, and less affinity for the larger o-diphenols, caffeic acid, and triphenol-pyrogallol
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additional information
?
-
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accepts both mono- and diphenols as substrates. The hydroxylation ability of the enzyme is also referred to cresolase or monophenolase activity (EC 1.14.18.1), and the oxidation ability to catecholase or diphenolase activity (EC 1.10.3.1). The tyrosinases generally have noticeably lower activity on monophenols than on di- or triphenols. The activity of tyrosinase on tyrosine is particularly low. Ferulic acid is not a substrate to any of the tyrosinases. The substrate p-coumaric acid is rapidly oxidized only by tyrosinase from Trichoderma reesei
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additional information
?
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tyrosinases are able to catalyze the ortho-hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols (monophenolase activity, EC 1.14.18.1) coupled with the subsequent two-electron oxidation of o-diphenols to the corresponding o-quinones (diphenolase activity, EC 1.10.3.1). The o-diphenols formed in the hydroxylation step remain in the active centre and are oxidized to the quinonic state. During the TYR mediated hydroxylation and oxidation of one molecule of monophenol, one molecule of dioxygen is reduced to water. Catechol oxidases, EC 1.10.3.1, lack the monophenolase activity and are thus only capable of oxidizing o-diphenols
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additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinases are able to catalyze the ortho-hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols (monophenolase activity, EC 1.14.18.1) coupled with the subsequent two-electron oxidation of o-diphenols to the corresponding o-quinones (diphenolase activity, EC 1.10.3.1). The o-diphenols formed in the hydroxylation step remain in the active centre and are oxidized to the quinonic state. During the TYR mediated hydroxylation and oxidation of one molecule of monophenol, one molecule of dioxygen is reduced to water. Catechol oxidases, EC 1.10.3.1, lack the monophenolase activity and are thus only capable of oxidizing o-diphenols
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-
?
additional information
?
-
soaking of crystals with a monophenolic (tyramine) and a diphenolic (dopamine) substrate in 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 200 mM NaCl, 20% PEG 3350, 20-25% PEG 1500, using SDS as an activator in order to perform in crystallo activity tests
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additional information
?
-
-
soaking of crystals with a monophenolic (tyramine) and a diphenolic (dopamine) substrate in 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 200 mM NaCl, 20% PEG 3350, 20-25% PEG 1500, using SDS as an activator in order to perform in crystallo activity tests
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
caffeic acid, ferulic acid, epicatechin, and phenol are no substrates
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?
additional information
?
-
-
catalyzing the rate-limiting step for melanin biosynthesis
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?
additional information
?
-
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the enzyme plays a role in enzymatic browning, rapid discolouration of leaf, stem and root tissue after injury and strong pigmentation of tissue extracts, PPO and phenolic compounds could be an important part of the plants defence system against pests and diseases, including root parasitic nematodes, e.g. Radopholus similis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with L-tyrosine by the root and the pulp enzyme, the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
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?
additional information
?
-
-
CATPO shows both catalase and phenol oxidase activities, its major activity is the catalase-mediated decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, but it also catalyzes peroxide-independent phenol oxidation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity is detected against L-tyrosine and common laccase substrates such as 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and syringaldazine with the exception of weak activity with p-hydroquinone
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme that catalyzes two distinct reactions of melanin synthesis: the hydroxylation of tyrosine by monophenolase action and the oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) to o-dopaquinone by diphenolase action
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?
additional information
?
-
-
native hemocyanin in whiteleg shrimp does not have phenoloxidase activity, but when incubated with SDS, hemocyanin is converted into hemocyanin-phenoloxidase
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
vanillic acid, 1-naphthol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, and resorcinol are no substrates for tyrosinase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme shows no activity with caffeic acid, ferulic acid, 4-coumaric acid, p-cresol, and L-tyrosine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate specificity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the purified tyrosinase from hemolymph shows both monophenolase, EC 1.14.18.1, and diphenolase, EC 1.10.3.1, activity and therefore it can be defined as a true tyrosinase, the purified hemocynin does not show any tyrosinase activity
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is classified as a catecholase type polyphenol oxidase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PPO activity is associated with color changes associated with browning and lycopene degradation, the commercial variety Naomi is more susceptible to enzymatic browning than the local varieties Pizzutello, Rosa Maletto and PO228, due to higher PPO activity levels, lycopene is an antioxidant agent that reconstitutes the polyphenols oxidized by the action of PPO
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?
additional information
?
-
accepts both mono- and diphenols as substrates. The hydroxylation ability of the enzyme is also referred to cresolase or monophenolase activity (EC 1.14.18.1), and the oxidation ability to catecholase or diphenolase activity (EC 1.10.3.1). The tyrosinases generally have noticeably lower activity on monophenols than on di- or triphenols. Ferulic acid is not a substrate to any of the tyrosinases. The substrate p-coumaric acid is rapidly oxidized only by tyrosinase from Trichoderma reesei
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the partially purified enzyme has both cresolase and catecholase activity. Activity is lower toward monophenols than diphenols
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with ferulic acid and phenol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
activity with phenolic and diphenolic substrates, also performing the reaction of tyrosinase, a ortho-hydroxylation of monophenols, EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of catechols to ortho-quinones, the diphenolase activity, EC 1.10.3.1, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
2-chlorophenol is not reactive with tyrosinase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase exhibits monophenolase and diphenolase activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols, monophenolase activity EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of the o-diphenols to o-quinones, diphenolase activity EC 1.10.3.1, cross-reaction analysis, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
tyrosinase is a copper-containing enzyme that catalyzes two distinct reactions of melanin synthesis: the hydroxylation of tyrosine by monophenolase action and the oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) to o-dopaquinone by diphenolase action
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
accepts both mono- and diphenols as substrates. The hydroxylation ability of the enzyme is also referred to cresolase or monophenolase activity (EC 1.14.18.1), and the oxidation ability to catecholase or diphenolase activity (EC 1.10.3.1). The tyrosinases generally have noticeably lower activity on monophenols than on di- or triphenols, the activity of tyrosinase from Pycnoporus sanguineus on tyrosine is particularly low. Ferulic acid is not a substrate to any of the tyrosinases. The substrate p-coumaric acid is rapidly oxidized only by tyrosinase from Trichoderma reesei
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
broad substrate specificity, overview, no or poor activity with 4-aminophenol, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, tyramine, 2-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and aniline, tyrosinase is a mono-oxygenase and a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the o-hydroxylation of monophenols and subsequent oxidation of o-diphenols to quinones, the enzyme thus accepts monophenols and diphenols as substrates, and the monophenolase activity is the initial rate-determining reaction
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
accepts both mono- and diphenols as substrates. The hydroxylation ability of the enzyme is also referred to cresolase or monophenolase activity (EC 1.14.18.1), and the oxidation ability to catecholase or diphenolase activity (EC 1.10.3.1). The tyrosinases generally have noticeably lower activity on monophenols than on di- or triphenols. Tyrosinase from Trichoderma reesei shows the best ability to crosslink alpha-casein. Tyrosinase from Trichoderma reesei also has the highest activity on most of the tested monophenols, and shows noticeable short lag periods prior to the oxidation. Ferulic acid is not a substrate to any of the tyrosinases
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidases can catalyze oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones and/or hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols followed by the oxidation to o-benzoquinones
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity, overview, activity with phenolic and diphenolic substrates, also performing the reaction of tyrosinase, a ortho-hydroxylation of monophenols, EC 1.14.18.1, and the oxidation of catechols to ortho-quinones, the diphenolase activity, EC 1.10.3.1, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenol oxidase is a copper-containing enzyme that, in the presence of oxygen, catalyses the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols (cresolase activity) and the oxidation of o-diphenols to their corresponding o-quinones (catecholase activity)
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?
additional information
?
-
-
polyphenoloxidases, PPOs, from Dornfelder and Riesling grapes display both monophenolase and diphenolase activity
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity in descendent order of activity from Vmax/Km: caffeic acid, 4-methylcatechol, catechol, pyrogallol
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
catalyse the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-dihydroxyphenols (E.C. 1.14.18.1), and the oxidation of o-dihydroxyphenols to o-quinones (E.C. 1.10.3.2). PPO activities with diphenolic substrates are higher than with monophenolic substrate (tyrosine) in both embryo and endosperm tissues. Time course of PPO activities in embryo and endosperm of maize seeds treated with boron during and following germination is shown
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?
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(+)-gallocatechin-3-O-gallate
(-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
(1E,2E)-3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-hydroxy-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-imine
-
52.5% inhibition at 50 mM
(1E,4E)-1,5-bis(2-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one
-
-
(1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one
-
-
(1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one
-
-
(2-([4-(4-methoxy-benzyloxy)-benzylidene]-hydrazono)-4-oxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetic acid methyl ester
-
-
(2-[(2-hydroxy-benzylidene)-hydrazono]-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetic acid methyl ester
-
-
(2-[(5-methyl-furan-2-ylmethylene)-hydrazono]-4-oxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetic acid methyl ester
-
-
(2E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
-
59.2% inhibition at 50 mM
(2E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
-
55.9% inhibition at 50 mM
(2E)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
-
48.9% inhibition at 50 mM
(2E)-1-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
-
49.5% inhibition at 50 mM
-
(2E)-1-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
-
59.2% inhibition at 50 mM
(2E)-1-(3-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
-
42.7% inhibition at 50 mM
(2E)-3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
-
12.3% inhibition at 50 mM
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
14% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 2% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
1% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 4% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
-
19% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
13% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 4% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
40% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
49% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
-
strong tyrosinase inhibitory potential
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(1-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2E)-3-phenyl-N-(1-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-phenyl-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2E)-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one
-
16.9% inhibition at 50 mM
(2E)-but-2-enoic acid
-
non-competitive inhibition
(2E)-N-(3,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-phenylprop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-benzyl-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-benzyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
strong tyrosinase inhibitory potential
(2E)-N-benzyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-benzyl-3-phenylprop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
62% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
25% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-3-phenylprop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-phenylprop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid
-
non-competitive inhibition
(2E,6E)-2,6-bis[(4-chlorophenyl)methylidene]cyclohexanone
-
-
(2E,6E)-2,6-bis[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]cyclohexanone
-
-
(2R,3R)-taxifolin
-
isolated from the sprout of Polygonum hydropiper L. (Benitade), inhibited 70% of tyrosinase activity at a concentration of 0.50 mM
(2Z)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2Z)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2Z)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2Z)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(2Z)-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid
-
-
(4-oxo-2-[(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylene)-hydrazono]-thiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetic acid methyl ester
-
-
(4-oxo-2-[(3-phenyl-allylidene)-hydrazono]-thiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetic acid methyl ester
-
-
(7S, 8R, 8'R)-(-)-lariciresinol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, lignan glucosides
(7S, 8R, 8'R)-(-)-lariciresinol-4,4'-O-bis-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, lignan glucosides
(7S, 8R, 8'R)-(-)-lariciresinol-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, lignan glucosides
(S)-imperanene
-
inhibitor in rum distillate wastewater significantly inhibits tyrosinase isolated from HMV-II cells, competitive inhibition. The inhibitory activities in descending order are (S)-imperanene 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl imperanene, 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3-methoxy imperanene
(Z)-2-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one
-
71% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(Z)-2-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-6-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one
-
69% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(Z)-2-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one
-
39% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one
-
-
(Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one
-
11% inhibition at 0.1 mM
1,10-bis(1,10-carboxyethyl) ether
-
-
1,10-phenanthroline
-
1 mM, inactivation, half-life: 30 min
1,3-dimethylimidazolium methylsulfate
-
69.7% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
1,4-dithiothreitol
-
complete inhibition at 10 mM
1,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one
-
-
1-(1,4-diacetylphenyl)dithiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(4-isopropylphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-ylidene)-thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(pyridin-3-yl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-(thiophen-2-yl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-p-tolylethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(1-phenylethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propane
1-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxyurea
-
-
1-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)thiourea
-
-
1-(2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(2-oxo-1,2-diphenylethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(3-methylbutylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(3-oxocyclohexylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(3-phenylallylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-ylidene)-thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-hydroxyurea
-
-
1-(4-butoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxyurea
-
-
1-(4-fluorophenyl)-ethanone
-
-
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone
-
-
1-(4-methylpent-3-en-2-ylidene) thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(but-2-enylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(butan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-(propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
1-(thiophen-2-yl)-ethanone
-
-
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate
-
47.8% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
1-cyclohexylidenethiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-cyclopentyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxohydrazine
-
inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase over the pH range of 5.5-8.0 is studied
1-cyclopentylidenethiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-dodecyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxohydrazine
-
inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase over the pH range of 5.5-8.0 is studied
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate
in the presence of 10 or 20% (w/v) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate, the activity decreases dramatically and becomes negligible
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate
-
64.1% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
1-ethylidenethiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-hydroxy-1,3-dimethyl-3-phenylurea
-
-
1-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)urea
-
-
1-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-phenylurea
-
-
1-hydroxy-1-naphthalen-1-yl-2-oxohydrazine
-
inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase over the pH range of 5.5-8.0 is studied
1-hydroxy-2-oxo-1-phenylhydrazine
-
inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase over the pH range of 5.5-8.0 is studied
1-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)urea
-
-
1-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)urea
-
-
1-hydroxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)urea
-
-
1-hydroxy-3-phenylthiourea
-
-
1-hydroxy-3-phenylurea
-
also retains a substantial potency in cell culture by reducing pigment synthesis by 78%
1-hydroxy-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea
-
-
1-methoxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-methoxy-3-naphthalen-2-ylthiourea
-
-
1-methoxy-3-phenylurea
-
-
1-methylethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
-
-
1-pentanoyl-3-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-pentanoyl-3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-pentanoyl-3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-pentanoyl-3-(2,6-dibromo-4-fluorophenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-pentanoyl-3-(3-nitrophenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-bromophenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea
-
noncompetitive inhibition, docking interaction analysis between 1-pentanoyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea and mushroom tyrosinase
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiourea
-
-
1-propylidenethiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethylidene]thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-3-hydroxyurea
-
-
1-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-3-phenylurea
-
-
1H-indol-5-ol
-
54% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 62% inhibition at 0.1 mM
2'-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3',5,5',7,7'-pentahydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2',3,3',4a,8a-hexahydro-4H,4'H-3,8'-bichromene-4,4'-dione
-
most potent inhibitor
2,2':4',2''-ter-1,3,4-oxadiazole-5,5',5''(4H,4''H)-trithione
-
-
2,2':4',2''-ter-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5,5',5''(4H,4''H)-trithione
-
-
2,3,4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxydeoxybenzoin
-
displays stable and significant inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity
2,3,4,4'-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
2,3,4-trihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
2,3,4-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol
-
2 mM, 93% inhibition
2,4,4',6-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
2,4,4'-trihydroxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
2,4,5-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
2,4,6-cycloheptatriene-1-one
2,4,6-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
2,4-dichlorocinnamic acid
-
-
2,4-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
2,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzyl)benzamide
-
IC50: 0.550 mM
2,4-dihydroxy-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)benzamide
-
IC50: 1.820 mM
2,4-dihydroxy-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
-
39% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 50% inhibition at 0.1 mM
2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid
-
-
2-(2-furanylmethylene)-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
-
-
2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
-
-
2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
-
mixed-type inhibitor
2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]acetamide
-
34% inhibition at 0.1 mM
2-(4-fluorophenyl)-quinazolin-4(3H)-one
-
synthesis of the tyrosinase inhibitor, inhibits the diphenolase activity of tyrosinase. Structure analysis by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and high resolution mass spectrometry. Molecular docking simulation analysis and inhibition mechanism, a mixed-type inhibitor exerting reversible inhibition, overview. The inhibitor does not reduce the amount of the enzyme, but decreases the enzyme activity for the oxidation of L-dopa
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate
-
mixed-type inhibition
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
-
reversible, mixed-type inhibition
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate
-
mixed-type inhibition
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
-
-
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate
-
-
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
-
-
2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]acetamide
-
16% inhibition at 0.1 mM
2-(chloromethyl)-10-(2-fluorophenyl)-7,7-dimethyl-6,7,8,10-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-b]chromene-4,9-dione
-
-
2-(chloromethyl)-10-(4-fluorophenyl)-7,7-dimethyl-6,7,8,10-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-b]chromene-4,9-dione
-
i.e. DHPC04, binding mode of R-DHPC04 and S-DHPC04 on the catalytic site of the enzyme, interactions between DHPC04 and residues His243 and Asn260
2-(hydroxymethyl)-7,7-dimethyl-10-phenyl-6,7,8,10-tetrahydropyrano[3,2-b]chromene-4,9-dione
-
weak inhibition
2-(phenylmethylene)-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-sulfonamide
2-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate
2-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone
-
exhibits significant inhibitory potency on both monophenolase activity and diphenolase activity of tyrosinase, reversible noncompetitive inhibitor
2-chlorocinnamic acid
-
-
2-chlorophenol
-
competitive inhibitor
2-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid
-
-
2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one
-
-
2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid
-
-
2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzoic acid
-
-
2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid
-
-
2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoic acid
-
-
2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
-
-
2-hydroxyethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
-
-
2-methoxyethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
-
-
2-Methylresorcinol
-
acts as enzyme substrate and inhibitor
2-oxoglutaric acid
-
AKG, a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase, inhibition kinetics integrated with molecular dynamics simulations reveal a complex induced parabolic slope mixed-type inhibition. AKG significantly inhibits the L-dopa oxidation of tyrosinase in a dose-dependent manner, complete inactivation at about 25 mM. Enzyme residues His85, His259, Asn260, Phe264, Met280, Gly281, and Val283 interact with the inhibitor
2-[(1E,2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-enimidoyl]phenol
-
77.5% inhibition at 50 mM, reversible competitive inhibition
2-[(1E,2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-enimidoyl]phenol
-
80.6% inhibition at 50 mM, reversible competitive inhibition
2-[(1E,2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(pyridin-4-yl)prop-2-enimidoyl]phenol
-
69.8% inhibition at 50 mM
2-[(2,3,4-trihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
most potent tyrosinase inhibitor
2-[(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(2-hydroxy-4-bromophenyl)methylene]thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(4-bromophenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
-
-
2-[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-5-(D-xylopyranosyloxy)phenyl D-xylopyranoside
-
isolated from Chlorophytum arundinaceum (liliaceae)
2-[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-5-hydroxyphenyl D-xylopyranoside
-
isolated from Chlorophytum arundinaceum (liliaceae)
2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
-
-
2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
-
-
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
non-competitive inhibitor, binding to the enzyme's binuclear active site is irreversible. The 2-hydroxy group in the compound interacts with amino acid HIS85 which is present in active binding site
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate
-
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
mixed-type inhibition
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate
-
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate
mixed-type inhibition
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
-
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
-
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate
-
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 3-hydroxybenzoate
-
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
-
2-[3-(2,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propyl]benzene-1,4-diol
-
plant-derived diarylpropane tyrosinase inhibitor
2alpha,3alpha,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid
-
pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Rhododendron collettianum
3'',4''-dihydroglabridin
-
100% inhibition at 0.33 mg/ml
3',5,5',7,7'-pentahydroxy-2,2'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2',3,3',4a,8a-hexahydro-4H,4'H-3,8'-bichromene-4,4'-dione
-
-
3,4,5-trihydroxy-N-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzyl)benzamide
-
IC50: 0.555 mM
3,4,5-trihydroxy-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)benzamide
-
IC50: 1.180 mM
3,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
-
-
3,4-dihydroxy-N-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzyl)benzamide
-
IC50: 0.280 mM
3,4-dihydroxy-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)benzamide
-
IC50: 2.0 mM
3,4-dihydroxy-N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
-
2% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 7% inhibition at 0.1 mM
3,4-dihydroxy-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]benzamide
-
6% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 9% inhibition at 0.1 mM
3,4-dihydroxy-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
-
43% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 48% inhibition at 0.1 mM
3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde-O-ethyloxime
-
-
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid
3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid
-
noncompetitive inhibition
3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid
-
2.5% inhibition at 0.33 mM
3,4-dimethoxydihydrocinnamic acid
-
20.2% inhibition at 1 mM
3,5-dihydroxy-N-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzyl)benzamide
-
IC50: 0.705 mM
3,5-dihydroxy-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)benzamide
-
IC50: 0.710 mM
3,7,3',4'-taxifolin tetraacetate
-
assayed together with (2R,3R)-taxifolin
3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol
-
15% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 22% inhibition at 0.1 mM
3-(3',4',5'-trihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-dihydroxycoumarin
-
potent, non-competitive tyrosinase inhibitor, 68.3% inhibition at 0.8 mM
3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]propanamide
-
94% inhibition at 0.1 mM
3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-2-one
-
19.3% inhibition at 0.8 mM
3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-hydroxy-1-methylurea
-
-
3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]propanamide
-
28% inhibition at 0.1 mM
3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]propanamide
-
96% inhibition at 0.1 mM
3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-4(1H)-pyridone
-
-
3-hydroxy-1-methyl-1-phenylurea
-
-
3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
-
-
3-methoxy-1-methyl-1-phenylurea
-
-
3-Methoxybenzaldehyde
-
-
3-methylcrotonic acid
-
-
3-O-[2,6-di-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl]-quercetin
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract
3-[(1E,2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-enimidoyl]naphthalen-2-ol
-
58.2% inhibition at 50 mM
3-[(1E,2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-enimidoyl]naphthalen-2-ol
-
62.6% inhibition at 50 mM
3-[(1E,2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(pyridin-4-yl)prop-2-enimidoyl]naphthalen-2-ol
-
57.5% inhibition at 50 mM
3beta, 23, 24-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid
-
pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Rhododendron collettianum
4'-hydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
4'-hydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid
-
-
4'-hydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
-
binding mode, modeling
4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid
-
-
4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
-
binding mode, modeling
4,4'-diamino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1'H-1,3'-bi-1,2,4-triazole-5,5'(4H,4'H)-dithione
-
-
4,4'-diamino-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1'H-1,3'-bi-1,2,4-triazole-5,5'(4H,4'H)-dithione
-
-
4,4'-ethane-1,2-diyldibenzene-1,3-diol
-
-
4,6,4'-trihydroxyaurone
-
75% inhibition at 0.1 mM
4-(1-methylethyl)benzaldehyde
-
-
4-(1-methylethyl)benzoic acid
-
-
4-(2-(hydroxymethyl)-7,7-dimethyl-4,9-dioxo-4,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydropyrano[3,2-b]chromen-10-yl)benzonitrile
-
-
4-(benzyloxy)-N'-(hydrazinylcarbonyl)benzohydrazide
-
-
4-(hexyloxy)benzoic acid
-
-
4-(pentyloxy)benzoic acid
-
-
4-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone
-
exhibits significant inhibitory potency on both monophenolase activity and diphenolase activity of tyrosinase, reversible mixed-type inhibitor
4-chlorosalicylic acid
-
-
4-coumaric acid
-
74.4% inhibition at 0.33 mM
4-dodecylresorcinol
-
reversible and competitive inhibition, IC50: 0.00112 mM
4-ethenylbenzaldehyde
-
-
4-ethenylbenzoic acid
-
-
4-ethylresorcinol
-
acts as enzyme substrate and inhibitor
4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl (4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetate
-
reversible, non-competitive inhibition
4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl (4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)acetate
-
-
4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl chloroacetate
-
-
4-formylphenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-beta-D-ribopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl 2,3-O-(1-methylethylidene)-beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl 4,6-O-(phenylmethylidene)-beta-D-gulopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl 6-O-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl 6-O-trityl-beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl beta-D-ribopyranoside
-
-
4-formylphenyl-O-beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid
-
noncompetitive inhibition
4-hydroxy-N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
-
0% inhibition at 0.1 mM
4-hydroxy-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-methoxybenzamide
-
16% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 32% inhibition at 0.1 mM
4-hydroxy-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
-
31% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 9% inhibition at 0.1 mM
4-hydroxyanisole
-
can also act as enzyme substrate
4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol
-
the compound is a substrate and an inhibitor for tyrosinase, 39% inhibition at 1.5 mM
4-Hydroxycoumarin
-
weak inhibition
4-hydroxyphenyl beta-D-xyloside
-
-
4-hydroxyphenyl beta-xylodioside
-
competitive inhibitor
4-hydroxyphenyl beta-xylotetraoside
-
competitive inhibitor, shows 35fold more potent inhibitory activity than beta-arbutin
4-hydroxyphenyl beta-xylotrioside
-
competitive inhibitor
4-methoxybenzaldehyde
-
-
4-methoxybenzoic acid
-
-
4-methylresorcinol
-
acts as enzyme substrate and inhibitor
4-nitrophenol
-
competitive to catechol
4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl imperanene
-
inhibitor in rum distillate wastewater significantly inhibits tyrosinase isolated from HMV-II cells. The inhibitory activities in descending order are (S)-imperanene, 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl imperanene, 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3-methoxy imperanene
4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3-methoxy imperanene
-
inhibitor in rum distillate wastewater significantly inhibits tyrosinase isolated from HMV-II cells. The inhibitory activities in descending order are (S)-imperanene, 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl imperanene, 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3-methoxy imperanene
4-OH-cinnamic acid
-
4% inhibition at 0.1 mM
4-phenyl-2-butanol
-
a reversible, potent inhibitor of tyrosinase, mixed-type inhibitor fothe monophenoase activity and noncompetitive-type inhibitor for the diphenolase activity
4-propoxybenzoic acid
-
-
4-tert-butylbenzaldehyde
-
-
4-tert-butylbenzoic acid
-
-
4-xylidine-bis(dithiocarbamate) sodium salt
-
Na-SSC-NH-CH2-C6H4-CH2-NH-CSS-Na, mixed-type inhibition for both, catecholase and cresolase activities
4-[(1E,3E)-3-(hydroxyimino)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl]-N,N-dimethylaniline
-
50.6% inhibition at 50 mM
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4-tris-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-xylopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranoside
-
reversible and competitive-type inhibitor
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4-tris-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-xylopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4-tris-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-xylopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl beta-D-allopyranoside
-
-
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
-
4-[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-hydroxyphenyl D-xylopyranoside
-
isolated from Chlorophytum arundinaceum (liliaceae)
4-[3-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)propyl]benzene-1,3-diol
-
plant-derived diarylpropane tyrosinase inhibitor
4-[[hydroxy(nitroso)amino]methyl]benzene-1,3-diol
-
inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase over the pH range of 5.5-8.0 is studied
4-[[hydroxy(nitroso)amino]methyl]phenol
-
inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase over the pH range of 5.5-8.0 is studied
5'-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-(4-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]phenyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-(diphenylmethyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-(diphenylmethyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-(naphthalen-1-yl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-(pyridin-4-yl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-(pyridin-4-yl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-benzyl-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-cyclohexyl-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-phenyl-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-phenyl-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-[(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-[(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-[3-(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)propyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5'-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
-
-
5,2',4'-trihydroxy-2'',2''-dimethylchromene-(6,7:5'',6'')-flavanone
-
dalenin, the reversible inhibitor is 52 and 495times more effective as a monophenolase inhibitor than hydroquinone and kojic acid, respectively, non-competitive inhibitor with L-DOPA as substrate, mixed-I type inhibitor with L-tyrosine as substrate
5,5',7,7'-tetrahydroxy-2,2'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2',3,3',4a,8a-hexahydro-4H,4'H-3,8'-bichromene-4,4'-dione
-
-
5,5',7-trihydroxy-2,2'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,4'-dioxo-3,3',4,4',4a,8a-hexahydro-2H,2'H-3,8'-bichromen-7'-yl D-glucopyranoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitor isolated from extracts of the seeds of Garcinia kola
5,6,7,4'-tetramethylscutellarein
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavones/flavonols. Methoxylated flavones, like the methylethers of scutellarein, showed 10times lower inhibitory activity than kojic acid
5,6,7,8,4'-pentahydroxyflavone
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, flavones/flavonols
5,7,3',4'-taxifolin teramethyl ether
-
assayed together with (2R,3R)-taxifolin
5,7,4'-trimethylscutellarein
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavones/flavonols. Methoxylated flavones, like the methylethers of scutellarein, showed 10times lower inhibitory activity than kojic acid
5-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
97.49% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)trione
-
14.3% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
complete inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
88.67% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-butoxyethoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
78.67% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-butoxyethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
85.88% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-butoxyethoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
complete inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
95.86% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
5.27% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
16.54% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
22.41% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
complete inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
23.12% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
complete inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
complete inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(4-methoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
12.2% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(4-methoxybutoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
9.85% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(4-methoxyethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
1.15% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-(4-methoxyethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
complete inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-thioxo-dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
complete inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
47.5% inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-thioxo-dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
-
complete inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
-
complete inhibition at 0.2 mM
5-ethenyl-5-hydroxy-3-isocyanocyclopent-2-en-1-one
-
inhibitor produced by Trichoderma viride strain H1-7 from a marine environment. Competitive inhibition
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-pyran-4-one
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one
5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural
-
noncompetitive inhibition
5-methyl-1,3-benzenediol
-
competitive to catechol
6'-glucosyl-martynoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides. Bathochromic shift of 6'-glucosyl-martynoside in the presence of CuSO4 (0.05 mM)
6-hydroxy-2H-pyran-3-carbaldehyde
-
a new tyrosinase inhibitor from Crinum yemense, testing for tyrosinase inhibiting activity, based on structural similarity to kojic acid. It shows a concentration-dependant reduction in tyrosinase activity similar to kojic acid in an in vitro assay, more potent than kojic acid
6-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)coumarin
-
26.7% inhibition at 0.8 mM
6-hydroxy-kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol glucosides
6-hydroxyapigenin
-
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone, high inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. Acts as a cofactor to monophenolase
6-hydroxycoumarin
-
weak inhibition
6-hydroxygalangin
-
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone, high inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. Acts as a cofactor to monophenolase
6-hydroxykaempferol
-
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone, high inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. Acts as a cofactor to monophenolase. competitive inhibitor
7-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydrofuro(3,2-g)chromen-5-one
-
artocarpfuranol, isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus, strong mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity
7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-2-one
-
9.6% inhibition at 0.8 mM
8-isoprenyl-5'-geranyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy flavanone
-
competitive inhibitor
8-O-methyltianmushanol
-
-
9-hydroxy-4-methoxypsoralen
-
noncompetitive inhibition
Ac-KSRFR
-
N-acetyl-pentapeptide Ac-P2, mixed-type inhibition
Ac-KSSFR
-
N-acetyl-pentapeptide Ac-P3, mixed-type inhibition
Ac-RSRFK
-
N-acetyl-pentapeptide Ac-P1, mixed-type inhibition
Ac-RSRFS
-
N-acetyl-pentapeptide Ac-P4, mixed-type inhibition
acetone
-
increasing solvent concentration up to 80% (v/v) yields a gradual reduction in the activity of the soluble and cross-linked enzyme forms, the cross-linked enzyme aggregate shows about 40% residual activity after incubation in acetone for about 34 h
Acetylacetone
-
0.1 mM, 75% inhibition
acteoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides. Bathochromic shift of acteoside in the presence of CuSO4 (0.05 mM)
Agaritine
-
uncompetitive inhibition
Al3+
-
strongly inhibited diphenolase activity at ripening stage 1 and 2
alpha,alpha'-dipyridyl
-
5 mM, 44% inhibition
alpha-arbutin
-
inhibition of monophenolase activity, the inhibitory activity of beta-arbutin is higher compared to alpha-arbutin, molecular docking, overview. The hydroxyl group establishes hydrogen bonds with the peroxide ion and polar contacts with a copper ion as well as with residues H259 and H263. The aromatic ring position cannot be stabilized by Pi-Pi-interactions
alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid
-
-
alpha-picolyl heptyl amine
-
-
alpha-picolyl nonyl amine
-
-
alpha-picolyl pentyl amine
-
-
alpha-picolyl propyl amine
-
-
alyssonoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides
ammonium tetramolybdate
-
anacardic acid
-
competitive inhibition
Anisic acid
-
uncompetitive inhibition
anthraglycoside B
-
anthraquinone, isolated from the root of Polygonum cuspidatum
Antrodia camphorata extract
-
basidiomycete, only other effect on tyrosinase activity is prepared from Antrodia camphorata using 75% ethanol extraction
-
apigenin
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavones/flavonols
apigenin 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract
apigenin-7-O-(3'',6''-di-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol acylated glucosides
apigenin-7-O-(6''-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, flavone/flavonol acylated glucosides
arbutine
-
clinically used tyrosinase inhibitor
arjungenin
-
pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Rhododendron collettianum
arjunilic acid
-
pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Rhododendron collettianum, most potent inhibitor, have potential to be used for the treatment of hyperpigmentation associated with the high production of melanocytes
artocarpanone
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus, strong mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity
artocarpesin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus, strong mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity
artocarpetin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus
artocarpin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus
ascorbate
complete inhibition at 0.1 mM
baicalein
-
5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone, high inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. Acts as a cofactor to monophenolase
Barbituric acid
-
5.95% inhibition at 0.2 mM
Bathocuproine sulfonate
-
-
bayogenin
-
pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Rhododendron collettianum
benzohydroxamic acid
-
is known to inhibit tyrosinase by chelating with copper. Completely independent of pH
benzylacetone
-
a reversible, potent inhibitor of tyrosinase, mixed-type inhibitor
benzyldithiocarbamate sodium salt
-
C6H5-CH2-NH-CSS-Na, noncompetitive inhibition for both, catecholase and cresolase activities
benzylideneacetone
-
a reversible, potent inhibitor of tyrosinase, mixed-type inhibitor
benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2H)-one
-
-
beta-(N-3-hydroxypyridone-4)-alpha-aminopropionic acid
beta-picolyl heptyl amine
-
uncompetitive inhibition of monophenolase and diphenolase activities
beta-picolyl nonyl amine
-
-
beta-picolyl pentyl amine
-
uncompetitive inhibition of monophenolase and diphenolase activities
beta-picolyl propyl amine
-
uncompetitive inhibition of monophenolase and diphenolase activities
betulin
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract
betulinic acid
-
pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Rhododendron collettianum
borax
-
71% residual activity at 10 mM
Bromoacetate
-
noncompetitive inhibition in a dose-dependent manner
brosimone I
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus
broussonin C
-
competitive inhibition
butylxanthate sodium salt
-
sodium salt of n-alkyl xanthate compound, competitive inhibition for the cresolase activity, competitive inhibition for the catecholase activity
campestrol
-
isolated from Trifolium balansae, NMR structure identification, IC50: 0.00890 mM
carpachromene
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus
cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
chloroform
-
the cross-linked enzyme aggregate shows about 30% residual activity after incubation in chloroform for about 3 h
chlorogenic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenolic acids
choline acetate
-
27.9% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
choline dihydrophosphate
-
27.4% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
choline methylsulfonate
-
39.7% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
choline nitrate
-
54.6% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
chrysoeriol
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavones/flavonols
chrysoeriol 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract
chrysoeriol-7-O-(3'',6''-di-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol acylated glucosides
cistanoside F
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides. Comparing the activity of tetrasaccharides with cistanoside F
citreorosein
-
anthraquinone, isolated from the root of Polygonum cuspidatum
crenulatoside A
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract, inhibition at 5 mg/ml 23.7%
crenulatoside B
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract
crenulatoside C
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract
crenulatoside D
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract
crude ethanol phase
-
ECPE, inhibitory effect on diphenolase activity of tyrosinase
-
cudraflavone B
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus
cumic acid
-
noncompetitive inhibition
CuSO4
-
87% inhibition at 0.1 mM, 50% inhibition at 10 mM
cyanomaclurin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus
cycloartocarpesin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus
cycloartocarpin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus
cyclomorusin
-
exhibits competitive inhibition characteristics. Flavone displaying tyrosinase inhibitory activity, isolated from the stem barks of Morus lhou. Inhibitory potency of this flavonoid toward monophenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase is investigated
D-ascorbic acid
-
met-tyrosinase is stable in anaerobic conditions but, in the presence of D-ascorbic acid undergoes an inactivation
D-ascorbic acid-6-p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester
-
irreversible inhibitor
daedalin A
-
(2R)-6-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-2-methyl-2H-chromene from mycelial culture of Daedalea dickinsii
decahydro-2-naphthyl gallate
deoxyarbutin
competitive, a potent inhibitor of tyrosinase that can also act as substrate of the enzyme, shows membrane breaking and toxicity towards melanosomes, induces hydroxyl free radicals. Inhibition mechanism, overview
dihydro-4-coumaric acid
-
19.6% inhibition at 1 mM
dihydro-4-methoxycinnamic acid
-
46.4% inhibition at 1 mM
dihydrocaffeic acid
-
2.7% inhibition at 1 mM
dihydrocinnamic acid
-
40.5% inhibition at 1 mM
dihydroferulic acid
-
17.9% inhibition at 1 mM
dihydroisoferulic acid
-
60.6% inhibition at 0.33 mM
dihydromorin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus, strong mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity
dihydrosinapic acid
-
22.6% inhibition at 1 mM
dioxane
-
increasing solvent concentration up to 80% (v/v) yields a gradual reduction in the activity of the soluble and cross-linked enzyme forms, the cross-linked enzyme aggregate shows about 40% residual activity after incubation in dioxane for about 62 h
dithioerythritol
-
0.05 mM, 82% inhibition of catechol oxidation, 95% inhibition of pyrogallol oxidation and 62% inhibition of dopa oxidation
dithiothreitol
-
strong inhibition
DMSO
-
low concentrations of DMSO (lower than 3.5 M) lead to reversible mixed-type inhibition of the enzyme, 68.0% residual activity at 1.4 M, 52.6% residual activity at 2.1 M, 36.6% residual activity at 2.8 M, complete inhibition at 5.6 M
dopamine
-
10% inhibition at 0.1 mM
echinacoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides. Bathochromic shift of echinacoside in the presence of CuSO4 (0.05 mM)
emodin
-
anthraquinone, isolated from the root of Polygonum cuspidatum
epicatechin-(4beta-8, 2beta-O-7)-epicatechin-(4beta-8)-epicatechin
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract, inhibition at 5 mg/ml 34.6%
epigallocatechin gallate
-
exhibits a greater anti-tyrosinase activity than arbutin
erythrodiol
-
pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Rhododendron collettianum
ethanol
-
50% ethanol, 56% inhibition
ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
-
-
ethylxanthate sodium salt
-
sodium salt of n-alkyl xanthate compound, uncompetitive inhibition for the cresolase activity, mixed inhibition for the catecholase activity
Fe2+
-
complete inhibition at 5 mM
flemichin D
-
competitive inhibition
fleminchalcone A
-
i.e. 1-(5-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chroman-8-yl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one, competitive inhibition
fleminchalcone B
-
i.e. 1-(3,5-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-6-yl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one, competitive inhibition
fleminchalcone C
-
i.e. 1-(5-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-furo[2,3-h]chromen-6-yl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one, competitive inhibition
forsythoside B
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides. Bathochromic shift of for sythoside B in the presence of CuSO4 (0.05 mM)
galangin
-
and its flavonoid mixture from Alpinia officinarum
gamma-picolyl heptyl amine
-
uncompetitive inhibition of monophenolase activity and mixed-type inhibition of diphenolase activity
gamma-picolyl nonyl amine
-
-
gamma-picolyl pentyl amine
-
uncompetitive inhibition of monophenolase activity and mixed-type inhibition of diphenolase activity
gamma-picolyl propyl amine
-
uncompetitive inhibition of monophenolase activity and mixed-type inhibition of diphenolase activity
Ganoderma lucidum extract
-
basidiomycete, also known as Lingzhi in the herbal medicine community, exhibits significant inhibition of tyrosinase activity. No difference in inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activity is observed by Ganoderma lucidum extracts obtained by the three different extraction methods (75%, 50% ethanol, and distilled water extraction)
-
geranic acid
-
in lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus)
geranic acid ethyl amide
-
-
geranic acid ethyl ester
-
-
geranic acid ethylene glycol ester
-
-
glutamic acid
-
individually grafted onto a novel CSG1.0 membrane as a ligand for enzyme purification
glycine
-
9% inhibition at 0.5 mM, 12% inhibition at 5 mM
Guanidine-HCl
-
treatment with guanidine-HCl at increasing concentrations (0-800 mM) results in a reduced activity for both enzyme forms, but aggregation as cross-linked enzyme aggregate improves tyrosinase stability at higher concentrations (above 314 mM)
H2O2
-
the enzyme becomes inactivated by hydrogen peroxide during catalysis
hesperidin
-
inhibitory effect on tyrosinase diphenolase, from citrus peel crude extracts
hexane
-
the cross-linked enzyme aggregate shows about 20% residual activity after incubation in hexane for about 24 h
hexanoic acid
-
mixed-type inhibition
Hexestrol
-
best inhibitors are tropolone, hinokitiol and hexestrol
hexylxanthate sodium salt
-
sodium salt of n-alkyl xanthate compound, competitive inhibition for the cresolase activity, competitive inhibition for the catecholase activity
hinokitiol
-
best inhibitors are tropolone, hinokitiol and hexestrol
histidine
-
individually grafted onto a novel CSG1.0 membrane as a ligand for enzyme purification
inhibitor peptide
Agaricus hortensis
-
2 natural occuring inhibitors: a 1200 Da peptide that inhibits tyrosinase competitively and second uncharacterized peptide
-
Inhibitor protein from human skin
-
-
-
iodobenzoic acid
-
1 mM, 78% inhibition
isoartocarpesin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus, strong mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity
isoferulate
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, phenolic acids
isoferulic acid
-
77.8% inhibition at 0.33 mM
isorhamnetin-3-O-(6''-OAc)-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol acylated glucosides
isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol glucosides
isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol glucosides
isorhamnetin-7-O-(6''-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol acylated glucosides
kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
IC50 of 0.1806 mg/ml
kaempferol 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)][alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
IC50 of 0.1935 mg/ml
kaempferol-3-O-(6''-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum and Marrubium cylleneum, flavone/flavonol acylated glucosides
kaempferol-3-O-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, flavone/flavonol glucosides
kazinol C
-
competitive inhibition
kazinol F
-
competitive inhibition
kazinol S
-
competitive inhibition, i.e. 5'-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-6''-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-5''-(2,3-epoxy-3-methylbytyl)-2',4',3'',4''-tetrahydroxy diphenylpropane
kazinol T
-
i.e. 5'-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-6''-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-4'',5''-[(2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)]-dihydrofuranyl)-2',4',3''-trihydroxy diphenylpropane
khonklonginol H
-
competitive inhibition
kuraridinol
-
prenylated flavonoid from Sophora flavescens, isolated from the EtOAc fraction, inhibitory effects on tyrosinase and melanin synthesis. Inhibitory activity 20times more potent than that of the positive control, kojic acid. Kuraridinol is a chalcone compound belonging to the prenylated flavonoids
kurarinone
-
from the root of Sophora flavescens, exhibits potent antibacterial activity, noncompetitive inhibitor, binds at an allosteric site
kuwanon C
-
exhibits competitive inhibition characteristics. Flavone displaying tyrosinase inhibitory activity, isolated from the stem barks of Morus lhou. Inhibitory potency of this flavonoid toward monophenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase is investigated
kuwanon E
-
competitive inhibitor
L-ascorbate
-
significantly inhibits PPO activity, evaluated for effectiveness as an inhibitor of PPO activity, using catechol as the substrate
L-cysteine chloride
-
competitive
L-tyrosine
-
uncompetitive inhibition
Lactic acid
-
3.73 mM, 50% inhibition of recombinant enzyme
ladanein
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavones/flavonols. Methoxylated flavones, like the methylethers of scutellarein, showed 10times lower inhibitory activity than kojic acid
lamiophlomiside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides
lavandulifolioside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides. Bathochromic shift of lavandulifolioside in the presence of CuSO4 (0.05 mM)
leucosceptoside A
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides. Bathochromic shift of leucosceptoside A in the presence of CuSO4 (0.05 mM)
Li+
-
72.5% residual activity at 1 mM
lupeol
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract
lupinifolin
-
competitive inhibition
luteolin 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract, inhibition at 5 mg/ml 14%
luteolin-7-O-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, flavone/flavonol glucosides
macroporus adsorption resin
-
FGRE, inhibitory effect on diphenolase activity of tyrosinase
-
martynoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides
maslinic acid
-
pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Rhododendron collettianum
mauritianin
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract
methyl (Z)-2-((E)-2-(((E)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)methylene)hydrazono)-4-oxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)acetate
-
-
methyl (Z)-2-((E)-2-(((E)-4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)hydrazono)-4-oxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)acetate
-
-
methyl arjunolate
-
pentacyclic triterpene extracted from Rhododendron collettianum
methyl gallate
-
shows a concentration-dependent inhibitory activity against tyrosinase with IC50 of 0.0625 mg/ml
MgCl2
-
10% inhibition at 0.1-1.0 mM, 11% inhibition at 10 mM
mimosine
-
inhibits monophenolhydroxylase and diphenoloxidase activity, inhibits the activity at concentrations in the microM-range, competitive inhibition
moracin M
-
competitive inhibitor
moracin N
-
competitive inhibitor
moracinoside M
-
competitive inhibitor
mormin
-
exhibits competitive inhibition characteristics. Characterized as a new flavone possesing a 3-hydroxymethyl-2-butenyl at C-3. Flavone displaying tyrosinase inhibitory activity, isolated from the stem barks of Morus lhou. Inhibitory potency of this flavonoid toward monophenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase is investigated
morusin
-
Flavone displaying tyrosinase inhibitory activity, isolated from the stem barks of Morus lhou. Inhibitory potency of this flavonoid toward monophenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase is investigated
N',N'''-benzene-1,4-diylbis(1-hydroxyurea)
-
-
N'-(hydrazinylcarbonyl)-4-hydroxybenzohydrazide
-
-
N'-(hydrazinylcarbonyl)naphthalene-2-carbohydrazide
-
-
N,N-unsubstituted selenourea derivatives
-
55.5% inhibition at 0.2 mM, IC50: 0.17-0.23 mM
-
N-(2,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-2,4-dihydroxybenzamide
-
IC50: 0.029 mM
N-(2,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzamide
-
IC50: 0.017 mM
N-(2,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-3,4-dihydroxybenzamide
-
IC50: 0.011 mM
N-(2,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-3,5-dihydroxybenzamide
-
IC50: 0.0022 mM
N-(4-coumaroyl)serotonin
-
isolated from safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L.
N-benzyl-2,4-dihydroxybenzamide
-
IC50: 1.660 mM
N-benzyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzamide
-
IC50: 0.780 mM
N-benzyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzamide
-
IC50: 2.0 mM
N-benzyl-3,5-dihydroxybenzamide
-
IC50: 0.700 mM
N-benzylamide
-
IC50: 1.990 mM
N-benzylbenzamide derivatives
-
inhibitory potency, structureactivity relationships, overview
-
N-dihydrocaffeoyltyramine
-
complete inhibition at 0.1 mM
N-feruloylserotonin
-
isolated from safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L.
N-hydroxy-N-(phenylcarbamoyl)acetamide
-
-
N-phenylthiourea
-
PTU induces a strong inhibition of the tyrosinase activity
N-protocatechuoylserotonin
N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
-
0% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 1% inhibition at 0.1 mM
N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanamide
-
42% inhibition at 0.1 mM
N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]acetamide
-
18% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 23% inhibition at 0.1 mM
N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
-
22% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 23% inhibition at 0.1 mM
Na2S2O4
-
0.1 mM, 30% inhibition
NaF
-
inhibits moderately
NaHSO3
-
strong inhibitor
neocyclomorusin
-
competitive inhibitor
nikotiflorin
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol glucosides
nobiletin
-
inhibitory effect on tyrosinase diphenolase, from citrus peel crude extracts
NP-40
-
leads to a decrease in the PPO activity, whether p-cresol or catechol is used as the substrate. 50% inhibition is observed in the presence of 68 microM NP-40
o-Nitrophenol
-
competitive to catechol
o-phenanthroline hydrate
-
3 mM, 30% inhibition
O2
-
at concentrations above 30%
octanoic acid
-
mixed-type inhibition
octyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
-
-
p-aminobenzenesulfonamide
-
competitive inhibition
p-Aminobenzoic acid
-
individually grafted onto a novel CSG1.0 membrane as a ligand. This study indicates the p-aminobenzoic acid (ABA) grafted chitosan membrane (CSG-ABA) exhibits the best sorption capacity on tyrosinase
p-phenanthroline
-
5 M, complete inhibition
paeonol
-
effects of paeonol on cell growth of B16F10 melanoma cells are shown. The effect of a high dose of paeonol (200 microM) is better than that of 2 microM hydroquinone (HQ), which acts as a positive agent. Paeonol down-regulates tyrosinase expression at mRNA and protein level. And paeonol inhibits MITF mRNA expression in B16F10 melanoma cells und the phosphorylation of CREB
pentagalloyl glucopyranose
-
exhibits potent, dose-dependent inhibitory effect on tyrosinase with respect to L-DOPA with IC50 of 0.04265 mg/ml
petroleum ether
-
PCPE, inhibitory effect on diphenolase activity of tyrosinase
-
phaselic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenolic acids
phenylhydrazine
-
1 mM, 86% inhibition, noncompetitive inhibition
phloroglucinol
-
enzyme-inhibitor interaction measurement by SPR
physcion
-
anthraquinone, isolated from the root of Polygonum cuspidatum. Most potent tyrosinase inhibition among the four anthraquinones examined, which is comparable to kojic acid
pinosylvin
-
inhibition of 32%
Poly(9)-oxyethylenelauryl ether
-
-
-
Polyvinylpyrrolidone
-
1.1%, 50% inhibition
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-wrapped fullerene derivative
-
inhibitory effect of the water-soluble polymer-wrapped derivative of fullerene, named Radical Sponge. As compared with two major effective cosmetic additives, arbutin and L-ascorbic acid, the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-wrapped fullerene derivative (Radical Sponge) shows the more marked depigmenting effect in human melanocytes or melanoma cells
-
potassium metabisulfite
-
0.092 mM, 50% inhibition
propylxanthate sodium salt
-
sodium salt of n-alkyl xanthate compound, uncompetitive inhibition for the cresolase activity, mixed inhibition for the catecholase activity
protocatechuic acid
-
inhibition of 34%
pyrogallol
-
enzyme-inhibitor interaction measurement by SPR
quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
IC50 of 0.1297 mg/ml
quercetin 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)][alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside
-
IC50 of 0.1462 mg/ml
quercetin-3-O-(6''-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, flavone/flavonol acylated glucosides
reduced glutathione
-
42% residual activity at 1 mM
resorcine
-
competitive to catechol
resorcinol
-
acts as enzyme substrate and inhibitor
resveratrol
-
can also act as enzyme substrate
saffron
-
enzyme-inhibitor interaction measurement by SPR
-
Salicylaldoxime
-
0.43 mM, 50% inhibition
salicylic acid
-
uncompetitive
salicylic hydroxamic acid
-
-
Sinapic acid
-
1.6% inhibition at 1 mM
Sodium bisulfite
-
0.062 mM, 50% inhibition
sodium cholate
-
in the presence of sodium cholate a decrease in PPO activity is observed when p-cresol is used as the substrate. The inhibition increases with increasing detergent concentration, until a plateau is reached. PPO activity is reduced to 50% of the control
Sodium cyanide
-
noncompetitive
sodium deoxycholate
-
in the presence of sodium deoxycholate, a decrease in PPO activity is observed when p-cresol is used as the substrate. The inhibition increases with increasing detergent concentration, until a plateau is reached. PPO activity is reduced to 50% of the control
Sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate
sodium hydrogen sulfite
complete inhhibition at 50 mM
sodium iso-butylxanthate
-
-
sodium iso-pentylxanthate
-
-
sodium iso-propylxanthate
-
-
sodium sulphate
-
most effective inhibitor, noncompetitive inhibition
sodium thiosulfate
complete inhhibition at 50 mM
sophoraflavanone G
-
from the root of Sophora flavescens, exhibits potent antibacterial activity, noncompetitive inhibitor
soyacerebroside I
-
from Guioa villosa leaf extract, inhibition at 5 mg/ml 86.3%
stachydrine
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, lignan glucosides
stachysoside D
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides
stigmast-5-ene-3beta,26-diol
-
isolated from Trifolium balansae, NMR structure identification, IC50: 0.00239 mM
stigmast-5-ene-3beta-ol
-
isolated from Trifolium balansae, NMR structure identification, IC50: 0.00525 mM
Streptomyces hiroshimensis strain TI-C3 with anti-tyrosinase activity
-
bacterial strain TI-C3, isolated and verified to display 498 U/ml of anti-tyrosinase acitivity. The anti-tyrosinase activity of the strain TI-C3 is improved to 905 U/ml under cultivation, usong glucose and malt extract as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources
-
syringic acid
-
uncompetitive inhibition
Tannic acid
-
enzyme-inhibitor interaction measurement by SPR
tert-butanol
-
the cross-linked enzyme aggregate shows about 50% residual activity after incubation in tert-butanol for about 326 h
tetrabutylammonium acetate
-
24.1% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
tetrabutylammonium methylsulfonate
-
45.3% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
tetramethylammonium acetate
-
30% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
Thai honey
-
different types of Thai honey on pathogenic bacteria causing skin diseases, tyrosinase enzyme and generating free radicals, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Thai honey, overview. Honey from longan flower gives the highest activity on multiresistent Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA isolate 49) when compared to the other types of honey, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 12.5% v/v and minimum bactericidal concentration of 25% v/v. The antioxidant activity of the honey obtained from coffee pollen is the highest with highest level of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Honey from coffee flower shows inhibition of tyrosinase by 63.46%. The highest activity of tyrosinase inhibition from manuka honey is also very high
-
Thiobarbituric acid
-
8.21% inhibition at 0.2 mM
tiliroside
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol acylated glucosides
trans-cinnamaldehyde
-
competitive inhibition
trans-N-caffeoyltyramine
-
complete inhibition at 0.1 mM
trans-N-dihydro-p-hydroxycinnamoyltyramine
-
complete inhibition at 0.1 mM
tributylammonium dihydrophosphate
-
27.5% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
triethylammonium dihydrophosphate
-
23.4% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
trifolirhizin
-
prenylated flavonoid from Sophora flavescens, isolated from the EtOAc fraction, inhibitory effects on tyrosinase and melanin synthesis
trimethylammonium dihydrophosphate
-
12% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
trimethylammonium methylsulfonate
-
40.9% residual activity at 5% (w/v)
Tween 80
-
leads to a decrease in the PPO activity, whether p-cresol or catechol is used as the substrate. 60% inhibition is observed in the presence of 32-60 microM Tween 80
tyramine
-
23% inhibition at 0.1 mM
tyrosol
-
the compound is a substrate and an inhibitor for tyrosinase, 18% inhibition at 1.5 mM
velutinoside I
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides
velutinoside II
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides. Bathochromic shift of velutinoside II in the presence of CuSO4 (0.05 mM)
velutinoside III
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides
velutinoside IV
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, phenylethanoid glycosides
[1,1''-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid
-
little availability of the carboxylic acid group in 2-phenylbenzooic acid to chelate with cupric ions in the active site
[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid
-
-
[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
-
-
[2-(furan-2-ylmethylene-hydrazono)-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]-acetic acid methyl ester
-
-
[2-[(4-benzyloxy-benzylidene)-hydrazono]-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]-acetic acid methyl ester
-
-
[4-oxo-2-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene-hydrazono)-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]-acetic acid methyl ester
-
non-competitive inhibition
(+)-gallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
GCG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(+)-gallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
GCG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(+)-gallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
GCG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(+)-gallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
GCG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate
-
ECG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate
-
ECG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate
-
ECG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate
-
ECG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(-)-epigallocatechin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
EGCG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
EGCG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
EGCG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
-
EGCG, tyrosinase inhibitor
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
67% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
100% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
15% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 30% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
-
55% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 73% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
-
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
-
29% inhibition at 0.1 mM; 48% inhibition at 0.1 mM
(R)-HTCCA
-
-
(S)-HTCCA
-
-
1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propane
-
tyrosinase inhibitor with strong depigmenting effects, found in the medicinal plant Dianella ensifolia. Synthetic and plant derived versions of the enzyme inhibit mushroom tyrosinase with similar potencies
1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propane
-
tyrosinase inhibitor with strong depigmenting effects, found in the medicinal plant Dianella ensifolia. 22times more potent than kojic acid
1-(propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
most potent inhibitor
1-(propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
-
-
1-Phenyl-2-thiourea
-
1 mM, 94% inhibition
1-Phenyl-2-thiourea
-
the phenoloxidase activity of HdPO is most sensitive to 1-phenyl-2-thiourea, complete inhibition at 5 mM
2,4,6-cycloheptatriene-1-one
Mushroom
-
copper chelator, trivial name tropolone, mixed inhibition, 90% reversible by dialysis, approx. 70% recovery by addition of CuSO4
2,4,6-cycloheptatriene-1-one
-
1 mM, 91% inhibition of catecholase activity
2-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-sulfonamide
-
acetazolamide or ACZ, in vitro, in vivo studies, and in silico docking studies. Inhibition kinetics, noncompetitive inhibition. Molecular dynamics simulations, overview
2-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-sulfonamide
-
acetazolamide or ACZ, in vitro, in vivo studies, and in silico docking studies, His244, Asn260 and His85 are the major interacting residues in the binding site of the protein. Inhibition kinetics, acetazolamide is a noncompetitive inhibitor without cytotoxic effect. Molecular dynamics simulations, overview
2-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-sulfonamide
-
acetazolamideor ACZ, in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies, inhibition kinetics. Acetazolamide is a a noncompetitive inhibitor without cytotoxic effect showing inhibition of tyrosinase expression in L-DOPA-induced melanoma. Molecular dynamics simulations, overview
2-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate
-
KI-063, a new tyrosinase inhibitor, strong concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity
2-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate
-
KI-063
2-hydroxybenzoic acid
-
-
2-hydroxybenzoic acid
-
-
2-mercaptoethanol
-
2-mercaptoethanol
-
specific inhibitor
2-mercaptoethanol
-
1 mM, complete inhibition
2-mercaptoethanol
-
evaluated for effectiveness as an inhibitor of PPO activity, using catechol as the substrate
2-mercaptoethanol
-
0.029 mM, 50% inhibition
2-mercaptoethanol
-
2 mM, 93% inhibition
2-mercaptoethanol
-
0.1 mM, complete inhibition
2-mercaptoethanol
-
competitive
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid
-
-
3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid
-
-
3-hydroxycinnamic acid
-
-
3-hydroxycinnamic acid
-
-
3-hydroxyphloretin
-
constituents from the formosan apple (Malus doumeri var. formosana), exhibits a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase activity, competitive inhibitor. Enzyme kinetics study of 3-hydroxyphloretin as inhibitor with various concentrations of the L-tyrosine substrate (15.625, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 microM)
3-hydroxyphloretin
-
constituents from the formosan apple (Malus doumeri var. formosana), inhibition 73%, shows substantial cellular tyrosinase inhibitory activity at a concentration of 100 microM
4-Aminobenzoic acid
-
a noncompetitive inhibitor
4-butylbenzoic acid
-
-
4-butylbenzoic acid
-
reversible and noncompetitive inhibitor
4-heptylbenzoic acid
-
-
4-heptylbenzoic acid
-
reversible and noncompetitive inhibitor
4-hexylbenzoic acid
-
-
4-hexylbenzoic acid
-
reversible and noncompetitive inhibitor
4-hexylresorcinol
-
-
4-hexylresorcinol
-
reversible and competitive inhibition, IC50: 0.00150 mM
4-hexylresorcinol
-
1 mM, 65% inhibition of catecholase activity
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
-
-
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
-
16.4% inhibition at 0.2 mM
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
-
-
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
-
-
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
-
-
4-hydroxycinnamic acid
-
competitive inhibition of tyrosinase by 4-hydroxycinnamic acid is a slow, reversible reaction with fractional remaining activity, has no effects on the proliferation of normal liver L02 cells, delays the mushroom browning. Molecular docking analysis and kinetic modeling, structure-function analysis, detailed overview
4-hydroxycinnamic acid
-
-
4-methoxycinnamic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitory activity of 4-methoxycinnamic acid is ever reported, selected as comparing substance
4-methoxycinnamic acid
-
-
4-methoxycinnamic acid
-
46.62% inhibition at 0.2 mM
4-methoxycinnamic acid
-
55.2% inhibition at 1 mM
4-methylcatechol
Mushroom
-
substrate inhibition
4-methylcatechol
Mushroom
-
-
4-octylbenzoic acid
-
-
4-octylbenzoic acid
-
reversible and noncompetitive inhibitor
4-pentylbenzoic acid
-
-
4-pentylbenzoic acid
-
reversible and noncompetitive inhibitor
4-propylbenzoic acid
-
-
4-propylbenzoic acid
-
reversible and noncompetitive inhibitor
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-pyran-4-one
-
1.12 mM, 50% inhibition of recombinant enzyme
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-pyran-4-one
-
trivial name kojic acid, 1 mM, complete inhibition of L-dopa oxidation, 94% inhibition of tyrosinase activity
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-pyran-4-one
-
-
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-pyran-4-one
-
1 mM, 50% inhibition of L-dopa oxidation
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one
-
-
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one
-
-
8-hydroxyquinoline
-
3 mM, 44% inhibition
8-hydroxyquinoline
-
1.3 mM, 50% inhibition
aloesin
-
-
aloesin
-
noncompetitive inhibition
Anisaldehyde
-
-
Anisaldehyde
-
noncompetitive inhibition
arbutin
exhibits little inhibitory effect on TyrA with 25.6% inhibition at 10 mM
arbutin
-
tyrosinase inhibitory activity of arbutin is ever reported, selected as comparing substance
arbutin
-
inhibitory effect on diphenolase activity of tyrosinase
arbutin
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
arbutin
-
a glycosylated benzoquinone, ascorbic acid reduces melanin formation via reduction of dopaquinone
arbutin
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
arbutin
-
3.7 mM, 50% inhibition of recombinant enzyme
arbutin
-
as compared with two major effective cosmetic additives, arbutin and L-ascorbic acid, the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-wrapped fullerene derivative (Radical Sponge) shows the more marked depigmenting effect in human melanocytes or melanoma cells
arbutin
-
common tyrosinase inhibitor
arbutin
-
commercially available depigmenting agent, used as a positive control
arbutin
a glycosylated benzoquinone, ascorbic acid reduces melanin formation via reduction of dopaquinone
arbutin
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
arbutin
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
arbutin
-
no inhibition by 1 mM arbutin
ascorbic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
ascorbic acid
-
IC50 of 0.0066 mg/ml
ascorbic acid
-
noncompetitve
ascorbic acid
-
inhibition of tyrosinase-catalyzed enzymatic browning by trapping the dopaquinone intermediate with cysteine or ascorbic acid, overview
ascorbic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
ascorbic acid
-
completely inhibited by 10 mM ascorbic acid
ascorbic acid
-
noncompetitive inhibition
ascorbic acid
-
the phenoloxidase activity of HdPO is most sensitive to ascorbic acid, 93% inhibition at 10 mM
ascorbic acid
-
exhibits less tyrosinase-inhibitory activity than 3-hydroxyphloretin or catechol
ascorbic acid
-
in descending order of inhibition potency: p-hydroxybenzoic acid > glutathione = ascorbic acid > L-cysteine > EDTA > citric acid
ascorbic acid
-
strong inhibitor, 78% inhibition at 1 mM, 88% inhibition at 10 mM
ascorbic acid
-
complete inhibition at 0.1 mM
ascorbic acid
complete inhhibition at 50 mM
ascorbic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
ascorbic acid
-
30% inhibition at 0.5 mM, complete inhibition at 5 mM
ascorbic acid
-
uncompetitive inhibition, 70.3% inhibition at 30 mM
ascorbic acid
-
effective inhibitor, 99% inhibition at 1 mM
ascorbic acid
-
reducing agent
ascorbic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
ascorbic acid
-
17.6% residual activity at 1 mM
ascorbic acid
-
50% and 78% inhibition at 1 mM for the cv. Narince samples from 2006 and 2007, respectively
azelaic acid
-
-
azelaic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
azelaic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
azelaic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
azelaic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
azide
-
no inhibition by sodium azide
azide
-
1 mM, 60% inhibition of catecholase activity
azide
-
no inhibition by sodium azide
Ba2+
-
-
Ba2+
16.45% inhhibition at 20 mM
benzaldehyde
-
benzoic acid
-
effects of inhibitors on mushroom PPO are determined by using pyrogallol as substrate
benzoic acid
-
is known to inhibit tyrosinase by chelating with copper. Acts in a similar manner to 1-hydroxy-2-oxo-1-phenylhydrazine
benzoic acid
-
competitive inhibition, 45% inhibition of diphenolase activity at 0.7 mM, 42% inhibition of monophenolase activity at 0.7 mM
benzoic acid
-
48.8% inhibition at 10 mM
benzoic acid
-
31% inhibition at 0.1 mM, 52% inhibition at 10 mM
benzoic acid
-
0.2 mM, 50% inhibition
benzoic acid
-
9% residual activity at 10 mM
benzoic acid
-
noncompetitive
beta-(N-3-hydroxypyridone-4)-alpha-aminopropionic acid
Mushroom
-
0.1 mM, 50% inhibition; copper chelator, trivial name L-mimosine
beta-(N-3-hydroxypyridone-4)-alpha-aminopropionic acid
-
copper chelator, trivial name L-mimosine
beta-arbutin
-
i.e. 4-hydroxyphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
beta-arbutin
-
inhibition of monophenolase activity, the inhibitory activity of beta-arbutin is higher compared to alpha-arbutin, molecular docking, overview. The hydroxyl group establishes hydrogen bonds with the peroxide ion and polar contacts with a copper ion as well as with residues H259 and H263. The aromatic ring position cannot be stabilized by Pi-Pi-interactions
beta-mercaptoethanol
-
complete inhibition at 10 mM
beta-mercaptoethanol
-
uncompetitive inhibition
beta-mercaptoethanol
-
complete inhibition at 1.0 mM
Ca2+
-
65% residual activity at 10 mM
Ca2+
-
43.9% inhibition at 10 mM
Ca2+
-
strongly inhibited diphenolase activity at ripening stage 3
Ca2+
29.60% inhhibition at 20 mM
Ca2+
-
74.2% residual activity at 1 mM
CaCl2
-
evaluated for effectiveness as an inhibitor of PPO activity, using catechol as the substrate
CaCl2
-
69% residual activity at 10 mM
caffeic acid
-
i.e. 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid
caffeic acid
-
6.6% inhibition at 1 mM
caffeic acid
-
10% inhibition at 0.1 mM
captopril
-
-
catechin
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
catechin
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
catechin
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
catechin
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
catechol
-
constituents from the formosan apple (Malus doumeri var. formosana)
catechol
-
enzyme-inhibitor interaction measurement by SPR
catechol
-
constituents from the formosan apple (Malus doumeri var. formosana), inhibition 78%, shows substantial cellular tyrosinase inhibitory activity at a concentration of 100 microM
catechol
-
irreversible inactivation
cefazolin
-
reversible, competitive inhibition of both monophenolase and diphenolase activities of tyrosinase
cefodizime
-
reversible, mixed-type inhibition of both monophenolase and diphenolase activities of tyrosinase
cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
-
-
cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
-
46% residual activity at 0.2% (v/v)
cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
-
cetyl trimethylammonium bromide
-
cinnamaldehyde
-
-
Cinnamic acid
-
-
Cinnamic acid
-
49.3% inhibition at 1 mM
Cinnamic acid
-
competitive inhibition, 48% inhibition of diphenolase activity at 1.0 mM, 50% inhibition of monophenolase activity at 1.0 mM
Cinnamic acid
-
substrate analogue
Citric acid
-
65% residual activity at 10 mM
Citric acid
-
noncompetitive inhibition
Citric acid
-
27.9% inhibition at 10 mM
Citric acid
-
in descending order of inhibition potency: p-hydroxybenzoic acid > glutathione = ascorbic acid > L-cysteine > EDTA > citric acid
Citric acid
-
12% inhibition at 1 mM, 60% inhibition at 10 mM
Citric acid
-
30% inhibition at 0.1 mM, 33% inhibition at 10 mM
Citric acid
42.70% inhhibition at 50 mM
Citric acid
-
24% inhibition at 0.5 mM, 32% inhibition at 5 mM
Citric acid
-
uncompetitive inhibition, 74.5% inhibition at 10 mM
Citric acid
-
10% residual activity at 10 mM
Citric acid
-
26% residual activity at 1 mM
Cl-
-
enzyme added to substrate L-dopa, that is mixed with various concentrations of NaCl in 0.05 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. When the NaCl concentration reaches to 600 mM, almost all the enzyme activity is abolished. Cl- induced inhibition of human tyrosinase, Cl- inhibits tyrosinase in a slope-parabolic competitive manner. TXM13 originated tyrosinase and the overexpressed human tyrosinase in HEK293 cells are inhibited. The inhibition by Cl- is reversible
Cl-
-
200 mM, 13% inhibition at pH 6.0, 85% inhibition at pH 5.0, 96% inhibition at pH 4.0
Cl-
-
6 mM, 50% inhibition at pH 4.5, 34 mM, 50% inhibition at pH 5
Cl-
-
1 mM, 35% inhibition of L-dopa oxidation
CN-
-
-
CN-
-
0.2 mM, 70% inhibition of catechol oxidation, 63% inhibition of pyrogallol oxidation, 50% inhibition of dopa oxidation
CN-
-
1 mM, 96% inhibition
CN-
-
0.2 mM, 50% inhibition of isoenzyme I, 0.13 mM, 50% inhibition of isoenzyme III
CN-
-
1 mM, 59% inhibition of isoenzyme a, 83% inhibition of isoenzyme B
CN-
-
0.6 mM, 50% inhibition
CN-
Vibrio tyrosinaticus
-
-
CN-
-
noncompetitive vs. dopa and tyrosine
CO
-
-
Co2+
-
75% residual activity at 10 mM
Co2+
82.73% inhhibition at 20 mM
Co2+
-
22% inhibition at 5 mM
Cu2+
-
50% residual activity at 1 mM
Cu2+
-
strongly inhibited by Cu2+, 92.7% inhibition at 5 mM
Cu2+
-
slight inhibition at 1 mM
Cu2+
-
52% inhibition at 1 mM, 58% inhibition at 10 mM
Cu2+
-
strongly inhibited diphenolase activity at ripening stage 1 and 2
Cu2+
-
88.3% residual activity at 1 mM
Cu2+
-
inhibition at concentrations higher than 5 mM
Cu2+
-
over 60% inhibition at 5 mM
Cu2+
-
over 60% inhibition at 5 mM
cuminaldehyde
-
-
cuminaldehyde
-
noncompetitive inhibition
Cupferron
-
-
cysteine
-
inhibition of tyrosinase-catalyzed enzymatic browning by trapping the dopaquinone intermediate with cysteine or ascorbic acid, overview
cysteine
-
complete inhibition at 10 mM
cysteine
-
the phenoloxidase activity of HdPO is most sensitive to cysteine, complete inhibition at 10 mM
davanol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
davanol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
davanol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
davanol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
davanol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
decahydro-2-naphthyl gallate
-
-
decahydro-2-naphthyl gallate
-
-
decahydro-2-naphthyl gallate
-
-
decahydro-2-naphthyl gallate
-
-
decahydro-2-naphthyl gallate
-
-
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
0.1 mM, complete inhibition
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
0.001 mM, 10% inhibition
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
-
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
strongly inhibited by diethyldithiocarbamate, 90.2% inhibition at 20 mM
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
-
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
1 mM, complete inhibition
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
2 mM, complete inhibition, 1 mM Cu2+ restores activity to original level
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
0.5 mM, 50% inhibition of isoenzyme I, 0.19 mM, 50% inhibition of isoenzyme III
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
0.05 mM, 97% inhibition of tyrosinase activity, 83% inhibition of catecholase activity
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
-
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
-
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
0.0051 mM, 50% inhibition
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
1 mM, 34% inhibition of isoenzyme A, 95% inhibition of isoenzyme B
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
0.166 mM, 90% inhibition
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
-
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
0.1 mM, 80% inhibition
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
1 mM, complete inhibition of L-dopa oxidation, 21% inhibition of tyrosinase activity
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
-
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
1 mM, complete inhibition of L-dopa oxidation
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
0.072 mM, 50% inhibition
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
competitive vs. tyrosine, addition of Cu2+ restores activity
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
-
diethyldithiocarbamate
Vibrio tyrosinaticus
-
10 mM, 80% inactivation, activity is restored by incubation with 0.01 mM Cu2+, Mn2+, Cd2+ or Fe2+
diethyldithiocarbamate
-
noncompetitive vs. dopa and tyrosine
DL-dithiothreitol
-
very slight inhibition at 300 pmol/unit of enzyme
DL-dithiothreitol
-
1 mM, complete inhibition
DL-dithiothreitol
-
0.1 mM, complete inhibition
dopastin
-
-
EDTA
highly effective inhibitor, complete inhibition at 1 mM
EDTA
-
below 2 mM, 66% inhibition at 0.5 mM, 28% inhibition at 1 mM, no inhibition at 2 mM
EDTA
-
81% residual activity at 10 mM
EDTA
-
sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, uncompetitive inhibition
EDTA
-
strongly inhibited by EDTA, complete inhibition at 10 mM
EDTA
-
in descending order of inhibition potency: p-hydroxybenzoic acid > glutathione = ascorbic acid > L-cysteine > EDTA > citric acid
EDTA
-
no inhibition at 1 mM, 17% inhibition at 10 mM
EDTA
-
evaluated for effectiveness as an inhibitor of PPO activity, using catechol as the substrate
EDTA
-
10% inhibition at 0.1 mM, 21% inhibition at 10 mM
EDTA
-
no inhibition EDTA
EDTA
19.42% inhhibition at 50 mM
EDTA
-
27% inhibition at 1.0 mM
EDTA
-
11% inhibition at 0.5 mM, 15% inhibition at 5 mM
EDTA
-
57% residual activity at 10 mM
EDTA
-
no inhibition EDTA
EDTA
34% inhibition at 10 mM
EDTA
-
no inhibition EDTA
EDTA
-
1 mM, 71% inhibition of L-dopa oxidation
EDTA
-
53.3% residual activity at 0.5 mM
ellagic acid
-
-
ellagic acid
-
exhibits less tyrosinase-inhibitory activity than 3-hydroxyphloretin or catechol
esculetin
-
esculetin
-
6,7-dihydroxycoumarin, weak inhibition
ferulic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, phenolic acids
ferulic acid
-
3.3% inhibition at 0.33 mM
ferulic acid
-
12% inhibition at 0.1 mM
gallic acid
-
significantly inhibited tyrosinase. Isolated from Radix polygoni multiflori, a herb used effectively to prevent graying and treat skin depigmentation diseases in traditional Chinese medicine
gallic acid
-
shows a concentration-dependent inhibitory activity against tyrosinase with IC50 of 0.644 mg/ml
gallic acid
-
significantly inhibited tyrosinase. Isolated from Radix polygoni multiflori, a herb used effectively to prevent graying and to treat skin depigmentation diseases in traditional Chinese medicine
geranyl gallate
-
-
glabrene
-
-
glabridin
-
-
glabridin
-
99.8% inhibition at 0.33 mg/ml
glabridin
-
clinically used tyrosinase inhibitor
glabridine
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glabridine
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glabridine
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glabridine
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glutathione
highly effective inhibitor, complete inhibition at 0.5 mM
glutathione
-
noncompetitve
glutathione
-
0.01 mM, 50% inhibition of recombinant enzyme
glutathione
-
mixed-type inhibition
glutathione
-
most potent inhibitor for Lactuca sativa L. PPO
glutathione
-
in descending order of inhibition potency: p-hydroxybenzoic acid > glutathione = ascorbic acid > L-cysteine > EDTA > citric acid
glutathione
-
strong inhibitor even at low concentrations
glutathione
-
52% inhibition at 1 mM, 56% inhibition at 10 mM
glutathione
-
complete inhibition at 1.0 mM
glutathione
-
1 mM, 86% inhibition of L-dopa oxidation
glutathione
-
competitive
glyasperin C
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glyasperin C
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glyasperin C
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glyasperin C
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glycolic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glycolic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glycolic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
glycolic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
guanidine hydrochloride
-
up to 30% inhibition of the cresolase activity is observed upon addition of up to 10 mM guanidine hydrochloride, the inhibition remained at the same level in up to 16 mM guanidine hydrochloride. On the other hand, up to 55% inhibition of the catecholase activity is observed in 17 mM guanidine hydrochloride, a further increase in guanidine hydrochloride to 90 mM led to as much as 75% inhibition of the catecholase activity
guanidine hydrochloride
2.9% inhhibition at 50 mM
Hg2+
-
Hg2+ causes an inhibition in the range of 13% and 72% at 1 and 10 mM, respectively
Hg2+
-
strongly inhibited diphenolase activity at ripening stage 1 and 2
Hg2+
-
inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylation
hydroquinone
-
-
hydroquinone
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
hydroquinone
shows membrane breaking and toxicity towards melanosomes, and induces hydroxyl free radicals
hydroquinone
-
HQ, tyrosinase inhibitor
hydroquinone
-
exhibits less tyrosinase-inhibitory activity than 3-hydroxyphloretin or catechol, very toxic to HEMn cell
hydroquinone
-
HQ, tyrosinase inhibitor
hydroquinone
-
HQ, tyrosinase inhibitor
hydroxyanisole
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
hydroxyanisole
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
hydroxyanisole
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
hydroxyanisole
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
isoliquiritigenin
-
-
K+
-
-
kaempferol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.230
kaempferol
-
competitive inhibition
kaempferol
-
clinically used tyrosinase inhibitor
kaempferol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.230
kaempferol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.230
kaempferol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.230
kaempferol
-
competitive, IC50: 0.230
KCN
-
-
kojic acid
-
IC50: 0.277 mM
kojic acid
-
IC50: 0.0163 mM
kojic acid
-
IC50: 0.01667 mM
kojic acid
-
inhibitory effects with kojic acid
kojic acid
-
postive control
kojic acid
-
commonly used tyrosinase inhibitor
kojic acid
-
inhibitory effect on diphenolase activity of tyrosinase
kojic acid
-
is known to inhibit tyrosinase by chelating with copper. Shows only slight pH-dependence of tyrosinase inhibition
kojic acid
-
well-known tyrosinase inhibitor
kojic acid
-
used as a positive control
kojic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
kojic acid
-
used as standard inhibitor for the tyrosinase
kojic acid
-
76.41% inhibition at 0.33 mg/ml
kojic acid
-
IC50 of 0.0021 mg/ml
kojic acid
-
mixed-type inhibition, inhibition study of tyrosinase by pressure-mediated (electrophoretically-mediated) microanalysis, method development and validation, overview
kojic acid
-
clinically used tyrosinase inhibitor
kojic acid
-
42.8% inhibition at 50 mM, competitive inhibition
kojic acid
-
binding mode on the catalytic site of the enzyme
kojic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
kojic acid
-
20% inhibition at 0.1 mM
kojic acid
-
20% inhibition at 7 mM
kojic acid
-
52% inhibition at 0.1 mM
kojic acid
IC50: 0.048 mM for ST94 and ST94t; IC50: 0.048 mM for ST94 and ST94t
kojic acid
-
55% inhibition at 1 mM, 86% inhibition at 10 mM
kojic acid
-
48% inhibition at 0.1 mM, complete inhibition at 10 mM
kojic acid
-
55% inhibition at 0.1 mM
kojic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
kojic acid
i.e. 5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-g-pyrone
kojic acid
-
competitive inhibitor and transition state analogue
kojic acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitor
kurarinol
-
prenylated flavonoid from Sophora flavescens, isolated from the EtOAc fraction, inhibitory effects on tyrosinase and melanin synthesis. Kurarinol is a prenylated flavanone and an effective inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase, beta-amylase, and cGMP phosphodiesterase-5, and also inhibits diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity
kurarinol
-
from the root of Sophora flavescens, shows no antibacterial activity, competitive inhibitor. Is 50times more potent than lavandulylated flavanones sophoraflavanone G and kurarinone
L-ascorbic acid
-
met-tyrosinase is stable in anaerobic conditions but, in the presence of L-ascorbic acid undergoes an inactivation
L-ascorbic acid
-
1 mM, complete inhibition of purified enzyme, 20% inhibition of crude enzyme
L-ascorbic acid
-
as compared with two major effective cosmetic additives, arbutin and L-ascorbic acid, the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-wrapped fullerene derivative (Radical Sponge) shows the more marked depigmenting effect in human melanocytes or melanoma cells
L-ascorbic acid
-
0.04 mM, complete inhibition
L-ascorbic acid
-
2 mM, 78% inhibition
L-ascorbic acid
-
competitive
L-cysteine
-
effects of inhibitors on mushroom PPO are determined by using pyrogallol as substrate
L-cysteine
-
most effective inhibitor, noncompetitve
L-cysteine
-
0.5 mM, 61% inhibition of catechol oxidation
L-cysteine
-
1 mM, complete inhibition
L-cysteine
-
strong inhibitor
L-cysteine
-
0.1 mM, 86% inhibition
L-cysteine
-
uncompetitive inhibition
L-cysteine
-
in descending order of inhibition potency: p-hydroxybenzoic acid > glutathione = ascorbic acid > L-cysteine > EDTA > citric acid
L-cysteine
-
strong inhibitor even at low concentrations
L-cysteine
-
significantly inhibits PPO activity, evaluated for effectiveness as an inhibitor of PPO activity, using catechol as the substrate
L-cysteine
-
slight inhibition at 10 mM
L-cysteine
-
13% inhibition at 0.5 mM, 38% inhibition at 5 mM
L-cysteine
-
competitive inhibition, 74.5% inhibition at 10 mM
L-cysteine
-
2 mM, 95% inhibition
L-cysteine
-
complete inhibition at 1 mM
L-cysteine
-
reducing agent
L-cysteine
complete inhibition at 0.05 mM
L-cysteine
-
10.8% residual activity at 0.5 mM
L-cysteine
-
52% and 76% inhibition at 1 mM for the cv. Narince samples from 2006 and 2007, respectively
L-mimosine
-
-
L-mimosine
-
IC50: 0.00368 mM
L-mimosine
-
used as a positive control
L-mimosine
-
substrate analogue
L-phenylalanine
-
-
L-phenylalanine
-
8.34 mM, 50% inhibition of recombinant enzyme
luteolin
-
-
luteolin 7-O-glucoside
-
-
luteolin 7-O-glucoside
-
-
luteolin 7-O-glucoside
-
-
luteolin 7-O-glucoside
-
-
luteolin 7-O-glucoside
-
-
Metabisulfite
-
0.1 mM, 99% inhibition
Metabisulfite
-
1 mM, complete inhibition
Metabisulfite
-
0.1 mM, 99% inhibition, 1 mM Cu2+ restores activity to original level
Metabisulfite
-
reducing agent
methanol
-
the soluble enzyme retains 7.8% of its original activity, as compared to 31% by the cross-linked enzyme aggregates, after being incubated in the presence of 40% (v/v) methanol
methanol
-
50% inhibition in 50% methanol
Methimazole
-
-
Mg2+
-
65% residual activity at 10 mM
Mg2+
-
29.3% inhibition at 10 mM
Mg2+
15.13% inhhibition at 20 mM
Mn2+
-
75% residual activity at 10 mM
Mn2+
38.16% inhhibition at 20 mM
Mn2+
-
62.9% residual activity at 1 mM
monobenzyl hydroquinone
-
benoquin, PBP, tyrosinase inhibitor
monobenzyl hydroquinone
-
benoquin, PBP, tyrosinase inhibitor
monobenzyl hydroquinone
-
benoquin, PBP, tyrosinase inhibitor
monobenzyl hydroquinone
-
benoquin, PBP, tyrosinase inhibitor
morin
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
morin
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
morin
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
morin
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
morin
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
N-acetyl-L-cysteine
-
N-acetyl-L-cysteine
-
1% residual activity at 1 mM
N-caffeoylserotonin
-
55% inhibition at 0.1 mM
N-caffeoylserotonin
-
73% inhibition at 0.1 mM
N-protocatechuoylserotonin
-
43% inhibition at 0.1 mM
N-protocatechuoylserotonin
-
48% inhibition at 0.1 mM
Na+
-
-
NaCl
46.5% inhibition at 0.4 M
NaCl
-
55% inhibition at 0.1 mM, 59% inhibition at 10 mM
NaCl
-
84% residual activity at 10 mM
NaCl
-
39.6% residual activity at 0.5 mM
NaN3
-
treatment with NaN3 at increasing concentrations (0-4 mM) results in a reduced activity for both soluble and cross-linked enzyme forms, but aggregation as cross-linked enzyme aggregates improves tyrosinase stability at higher concentrations (above 0.4 mM)
Ni2+
-
87% inhibition at 10 mM
Ni2+
-
56.6% residual activity at 1 mM
norartocarpetin
-
exhibits competitive inhibition characteristics. Flavone displaying tyrosinase inhibitory activity, isolated from the stem barks of Morus lhou. Inhibitory potency of this flavonoid toward monophenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase is investigated. Norartocarpetin shows a time-dependent inhibition against oxidation of l-tyrosine. It also operated under the enzyme isomerization model
norartocarpetin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus, strong mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity
norartocarpetin
-
competitive inhibitor
oxalic acid
-
-
oxalic acid
-
uncompetitive inhibition
oxalic acid
-
16% inhibition at 0.5 mM, 31% inhibition at 5 mM
oxyresveratrol
-
-
oxyresveratrol
-
clinically used tyrosinase inhibitor
oxyresveratrol
-
a stilbenoid and reversible, non-competitive, and strong inhibitor of tyrosinase, is proposed as skin-whitening and anti-browning agent, can also act as enzyme substrate
p-coumaric acid
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, phenolic acids
p-coumaric acid
-
mixed inhibition
p-coumaric acid
-
clinically used tyrosinase inhibitor
p-coumaric acid
-
14% residual activity at 0.5 M
p-Cresol
-
competitive to catechol
p-hydroxybenzoic acid
-
-
p-hydroxybenzoic acid
-
in descending order of inhibition potency: p-hydroxybenzoic acid > glutathione = ascorbic acid > L-cysteine > EDTA > citric acid
p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol
-
4HBA, inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis. As the concentration of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol increases, the enzyme activity rapidly decreases. Results indicate that the tyrosinase binds to the p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and induces the enzyme conformation changes, and then causes total loss of the enzyme
p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol
-
p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis. p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol exhibits an inhibitory effect on melanogenesis in mouse melanocytes at noncytotoxic concentrations. The results indicate that no significant difference is observed in tyrosinase gene expression between the p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol-treated and non-treated cells. Thus, it is concluded that no repression of tyrosinase gene is induced by p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol
Phenylthiourea
72.2% inhibition at 0.34 mM
Phenylthiourea
-
IC50: 0.17 mM
Phenylthiourea
-
0.001 mM, 26% inhibition
Phenylthiourea
-
strong inhibition
Phenylthiourea
IC50: 0.00017 mM for ST94, 0.00018 mM for ST94t; IC50: 0.00017 mM for ST94, 0.00018 mM for ST94t
Phenylthiourea
-
PTU, copper-chelating reagent, inhibits monophenolhydroxylase and diphenoloxidase activity, inhibits the activity strongly even at concentrations in the nM-range, noncompetitive inhibitor, inhibition with PTU is reversible
Phenylthiourea
-
binding and inhibition mode
phloretin
-
the compound is a substrate and an inhibitor for tyrosinase, 63% inhibition at 0.2 mM
phloridzin
-
the compound is a substrate and an inhibitor for tyrosinase, 53% inhibition at 0.15 mM
potassium sorbate
-
23% inhibition at 0.1 mM, 37% inhibition at 10 mM
potassium sorbate
-
78% residual activity at 10 mM
quercetin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
quercetin
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium cylleneum, flavones/flavonols
quercetin
-
decreases the rate of bioreduction to a greater degree in tyrosinase overexpressing clones
quercetin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
quercetin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
quercetin
-
inhibition of 36%
quercetin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
quercetin
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
quinone isomerase
-
part of a complex consisting of phenoloxidase, quinone isomerase and quinone methide isomerase
-
quinone isomerase
-
part of a complex consisting of phenoloxidase, quinone isomerase and quinone methide isomerase
-
RADSRADC
-
-
RADSRADC
-
25% inhibition at 0.1 mM
rutin
-
tyrosinase inhibitors from Marrubium velutinum, flavone/flavonol glucosides
Salicylhydroxamic acid
-
Salicylhydroxamic acid
-
reversible competitive inhibition
Salicylhydroxamic acid
reversible competitive inhibition
Salicylhydroxamic acid
reversible competitive inhibition
Salicylhydroxamic acid
-
36% residual activity at 0.5 M
SDS
-
SDS
-
a sharp decrease in the activity of the soluble enzyme is noted from 0 to 17 mM SDS
SDS
43.17% inhhibition at 50 mM
SDS
78% inhibition at 0.05 mM
Sodium azide
-
effects of inhibitors on mushroom PPO are determined by using pyrogallol as substrate
Sodium azide
-
83% residual activity at 10 mM
Sodium azide
-
evaluated for effectiveness as an inhibitor of PPO activity, using catechol as the substrate
Sodium azide
-
noncompetitive
sodium chloride
-
10% inhibition at 0.5 mM, 12% inhibition at 5 mM
Sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate
-
SDDC, significantly inhibits PPO activity, evaluated for effectiveness as an inhibitor of PPO activity, using catechol as the substrate. Inhibitors such as sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate and thiourea, which combine with the copper moiety in the enzyme, are generally potent inhibitors of PPO. The inhibitors are copper-chelating agents and they suppress browning activities in which copper is directly involved in the oxidation of phenolic compounds
Sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate
-
cstrong competitive inhibitor
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate
-
complete inhibition at 10 mM
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate
-
specific inhibitor
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate
-
complete inhibition at 1.0 mM
sodium dodecylsulfate
-
above 10 mM inhibition of catecholase activity
sodium dodecylsulfate
-
-
sodium dodecylsulfate
-
-
Sodium fluoride
-
effects of inhibitors on mushroom PPO are determined by using pyrogallol as substrate
Sodium fluoride
-
5 mM, complete inhibition
Sodium metabisulfite
-
complete inhibition at 10 mM
Sodium metabisulfite
-
67% inhibition at 1 mM, 70% inhibition at 10 mM
Sodium metabisulfite
-
evaluated for effectiveness as an inhibitor of PPO activity, using catechol as the substrate
Sodium metabisulfite
-
complete inhibition at 0.1 mM
Sodium metabisulfite
-
for all ripening stages sodium metabisulfite inhibits PPO activity
Sodium metabisulfite
-
strong inhibition
Sodium metabisulfite
-
13% inhibition at 0.5 mM, 38% inhibition at 5 mM
Sodium metabisulfite
-
uncompetitive inhibition, 70.5% inhibition at 10 mM
Sodium metabisulfite
-
complete inhibition at 1 mM; effective inhibitor, complete inhibition at 1 mM
Sodium metabisulfite
complete inhibition at 0.1 mM
Sodium metabisulfite
-
competitive
Sodium metabisulfite
-
49% and 74% inhibition at 1 mM for the cv. Narince samples from 2006 and 2007, respectively
sodium sulfite
-
complete inhibition at 10 mM
sodium sulfite
-
the phenoloxidase activity of HdPO is much sensitive to sodium sulfite, 72.1% inhibition at 10 mM
sodium sulfite
-
66% inhibition at 1 mM, 70% inhibition at 10 mM
sodium sulfite
complete inhhibition at 50 mM
steppogenin
-
isolated from the wood of Artocarpus heterophyllus, strong mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity
steppogenin
-
competitive inhibitor
succinic acid
-
18% inhibition at 0.1 mM, 31% inhibition at 10 mM
succinic acid
-
35% residual activity at 10 mM
terrein
-
examine the effects of a combination of 2-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate with terrein, an agent that down-regulates microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
terrein
-
examines the effects of a combination of 2-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate with terrein, an agent that down-regulates microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. Cells co-treated with 2-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate and terrein show much less pigmentation than cells treated with 2-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate or terrein alone
Thiourea
-
complete inhibition at 10 mM
Thiourea
-
the phenoloxidase activity of HdPO is much sensitive to thiourea, 83.7% inhibition at 10 mM
Thiourea
-
0.5 mM, 85% inhibition of catechol oxidation
Thiourea
-
evaluated for effectiveness as an inhibitor of PPO activity, using catechol as the substrate. Inhibitors such as sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate and thiourea, which combine with the copper moiety in the enzyme, are generally potent inhibitors of PPO. The inhibitors are copper-chelating agents and they suppress browning activities in which copper is directly involved in the oxidation of phenolic compounds
Thiourea
complete inhhibition at 50 mM
Thiourea
-
0.8 mM, 50% inhibition
Thiourea
-
uncompetitive inhibition, 46% inhibition at 15 mM
Thiourea
-
9.6% residual activity at 1 mM
Triton X-100
-
0.5% 87% inhibition
Triton X-100
-
leads to a decrease in the PPO activity, whether p-cresol or catechol is used as the substrate. With p-cresol as the substrate, up to 80% inhibition is observed in the presence of 30 microM Triton X-100
Triton X-100
-
42.5% residual activity at 10 mM
tropolone
highly effective inhibitor, 94% inhibition at 10 mM
tropolone
-
is known to inhibit tyrosinase by chelating with copper. Shows only slight pH-dependence of tyrosinase inhibition
tropolone
-
specific inhibitor
tropolone
IC50: 0.0021 mM for ST94, 0.0022 mM for ST94t; IC50: 0.0021 mM for ST94, 0.0022 mM for ST94t
tropolone
-
48% inhibition at 1 mM, 64% inhibition at 10 mM
tropolone
-
complete inhibition at 0.1 mM
tropolone
-
substrate analogue, best inhibitors are tropolone, hinokitiol and hexestrol
Tween 20
-
84% residual activity at 10 mM
Tween 20
-
leads to a decrease in the PPO activity, whether p-cresol or catechol is used as the substrate. 50% inhibition is observed in the presence of 40-65 microM Tween 20
Urea
-
30% inhibition of cresolase activity is reached with 17 mM urea. No further inhibition is observed for up to 100 mM urea. When the catecholase activity is assayed in the presence of urea, up to 60% inhibition is observed in 0.5 mM urea, a further increase in urea concentration resulted in more inhibition
Urea
1.44% inhhibition at 50 mM
YRSRKYSSWY
-
-
YRSRKYSSWY
-
35% inhibition at 0.1 mM
Zn2+
-
77% residual activity at 10 mM
Zn2+
-
strongly inhibited by Zn2+, 80.5% inhibition at 5 mM
Zn2+
-
activates by 6% at 5 mM and inhibits by 34% at 10 mM
Zn2+
-
82% inhibition at 10 mM
Zn2+
76.36% inhhibition at 20 mM
Zn2+
-
binding structure in the active site, modeling, overview. Replacing the Cu2+ with Zn2+ ions can be performed in TyrBm without structural consequences, while the presence of Zn2+ ions inhibits the activity of tyrosinase on both monophenols and diphenols
Zn2+
-
70% inhibition at 5 mM
additional information
-
melan-a cell viability after application of N,N-unsubstituted selenourea derivatives and kojic acid, overview
-
additional information
-
structure, application and importance of inhibitors, overview
-
additional information
-
no inhibition by phythyl-1-hexanoate and pentacosanol, both isolated and identified from Trifolium balansae
-
additional information
-
suicide inactivation of tyrosinase acting on o-diphenols. A kinetic study of the suicide inactivation of tyrosinase during its action on a variety of substrates is described, and a mechanism is proposed to explain the experimental kinetic results and to throw light on the suicide inactivation step of mushroom tyrosinase
-
additional information
-
compounds from Sophora flavescens are further tested for their inhibitory effects on melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. MeOH extract fraction, CH2Cl2 fraction, EtOAc fraction and, n-BuOH fraction from Sophora flavescens inhibit L-tyrosine oxidation catalyzed by tyrosinase in concentration dependent manner. EtOAc fraction has more potent inhibitory activity than the other fractions
-
additional information
-
flavonoids and phenylethanoid glycosides show moderate inhibitory activity against tyrosinase (almost 2-3times weaker than kojic acid). In general at lower concentrations activity descends as flavonols > flavones > acylated monoglycosides > monoglycosides > diglycosides
-
additional information
-
the main active moiety interacting with the center of tyrosinase would be thiosemicarbazo group, the inhibitory activity is closely related with thiosemicarbazide moieties and the groups attached on the aromatic ring. The proposed structure of the formed complexes between tyrosinase and synthesized compounds is shown
-
additional information
-
NHOH moiety is important for tyrosinase inhibition
-
additional information
-
it is shown, that tyrosinase is not inhibited by an excess of monophenol or by reductants such as 6BH4, 6.7 di-CH3BH4 and AH2, when the experimental measurements are made in the true steady-state
-
additional information
-
extracts and constituents of Sideroxylon inerme L. stem bark, used in South Africa for skin lightening. Three different extracts (acetone, methanol and dichloromethane) of Sideroxylon inerme L. are evaluated for their inhibitory effect in vitro on the monophenolase and diphenolase activated forms of tyrosinase, using a colorimetric procedure
-
additional information
-
antibrowning effects of Artocarpus heterophyllus extracts on fresh-cut apple slices tested
-
additional information
-
extracts of Antrodia camphorata prepared by 50% extraction and distilled water, and all extracts prepared from Agaricus brasiliensis and Cordyceps militaris show less than 25% inhibition in the reaction mixtures contained 1 mg/ml extracts. No significant inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity is observed when 0.1 mg/ml extracts are used in the reaction mixture
-
additional information
-
the ranking of the inhibitory potency is physcion > citreorosein = anthraglycoside B = emodin
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by glabridin diacetate, glabridin dihexanoate, glabridin didecanoate, glabridin dipalmitate, and glabridin distearate
-
additional information
-
5-(4-(2-butoxyethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione is not active against tyrosinase
-
additional information
-
ellagic acid is not an inhibitor of polyphenol oxidase
-
additional information
-
histidine chemical modification of tyrosinase conspicuously inactivates enzyme activity
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by VLLK and KFEFKFEF
-
additional information
-
atractylenolide III, isofuranodiene, glechomanolide, and chloranthalactone A exhibit no inhibition against tyrosinase
-
additional information
-
the alcoholic extract from seed kernels of Thai mango (Mangifera indica L. cultivar Fahlun) exhibits potent, dose-dependent inhibitory effect on tyrosinase with respect to L-DOPA with IC50 of 0.09863 mg/ml
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by alpha-tocopherol
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by butyric acid
-
additional information
-
the enzyme exhibits a lag period when employed in vitro and it is slowly inactivated by catechol substrates and is rapidly inactivated by resorcinols
-
additional information
-
true inhibitors of tyrosinase diminish the rate of action of the enzyme when it acts on either of its physiological substrates, L-tyrosine (monophenolase activity) or L-dopa (diphenolase activity)
-
additional information
-
design, synthesis (by incorporating heterocyclic piperazine ring), and inhibitory activity of vanillin derivatives against tyrosinase, molecular docking analysis using the tyrosinase structure PDB ID 2ZWE, overview
-
additional information
-
structural mechanism of resorcinol inhibitors, overview
-
additional information
-
synthesis, computational studies and enzyme inhibitory kinetics of substituted methyl[(2-(4-dimethylamino-benzylidene)-hydrazono)-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]acetates as mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors, pharmacophore modeling and molecular docking studies using mushroom tyrosinase structure, PDB ID 2Y9X, as template, overview. Two-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling. Inhibition of the diphenolase activity. The thiazolidinone derivatives are synthesized by condensation of substituted thiosemicarbazones with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate 4. The thiosemicarbazones are synthesized as intermediates by acid catalyzed condensation of thiosemicarbazide with a range of substituted aromatic aldehydes
-
additional information
-
both 4'-hydroxylation and methoxylation of 4-phenylbenzoic acid increase the inhibitory activity of phenylbenzoic acid isomers against mushroom tyrosinase, molecular inhibition mechanism involving the copper ions of the enzyme, overview. Arg268 fixes the angle of the aromatic ring of Phe264, and Val248 and is supposed to interact with the inhibitors as a hydrophobic manner. 4'-Hydroxylation but not methoxylation of 2-phenylbenzoic acid appears inhibitory activity. The interactions of Asn260 and Phe264 in the active site with the adequate-angled biphenyl group are involved in the inhibitory activities of the modified phenylbenzoic acid isomers by parallel and T-shaped Pi-Pi interactions, respectively
-
additional information
-
inhibitory kinetics of azachalcones and their oximes on mushroom tyrosinase, solid-state-based mechanochemical synthesis process, and analysis of the inhibition mechanism, overview. The 2'-OH group substituted on ring A is an important design element in achieving enhanced tyrosinase inhibition. The presence of a pyridinyl skeleton results in an improved tyrosinase effect. The pyridinyl N-atom of substituted azachalcone derivatives can possibly get protonated at physiological pH or might be available to coordinate the Cu-atoms existing in the tyrosinase active site
-
additional information
-
inhibition of tyrosinase by 4H-chromene analogues, synthesis, kinetic studies, and computational analysis, overview. Dihydropyrano[3,2-b] chromenediones (DHPCs), which are considered 4H-chromenes, are an important class of fused oxygenated heterocycles that are synthesized via a one-pot three-component reaction of kojic acid, an aldehyde and a 1,3-dione. Molecular docking and molecular modeling using the enzyme crystal structure, PDB ID 2Y9X, as template
-
additional information
-
automated docking calculations for inhibitor docking to the enzyme structure model, molecular dynamics, overview. Intermolecular interactions and effectiveness of specific inhibition
-
additional information
-
design, synthesis, kinetic mechanism, and molecular docking studies of 1-pentanoyl-3-arylthioureas as inhibitors of mushroom tyrosinase and free radical scavengers, structure activity relationships, overview
-
additional information
-
inhibition mechanism of mono- and diphenolase activities, overview
-
additional information
-
inhibitor screening using surface plasmon resonance (SPR), two-state modeling. Structural changes of the mushroom tyrosinase in the presence of inhibitors are analyzed by circular dichroism spectroscopy
-
additional information
-
hydroxycoumarin derivatives as enzyme inhibitors, molecular docking study, structure-activity relationships, overview
-
additional information
-
avocado proanthocyanidins, from Persea americana fruits, are a source of tyrosinase inhibitors, they are reversible and competitive inhibitors, structure-activity relationships, and inhibition mechanism, overview. Ligand structure analysis by mass spectroscopy
-
additional information
-
the inhibition of tyrosinase by analogues of kojic acid, main interactions occurring between inhibitors-tyrosinase complexes and influence of divalent cation (Cu2+) in enzymatic inhibition are analysed using molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations and linear interaction energy (LIE) method, using the three-dimensional structure of enzyme AbTYR in complex with inhibitor tropolone, PDB 2Y9X, overview. No inhibition by 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone. Tyrosinase displays various inhibition patterns
-
additional information
-
proanthocyanidins extracted from Rhododendron pulchrum fresh leaves, collected from the campus of Jiangxi Normal University (Nanchang, China) in June 2011, are a source of tyrosinase inhibitors, structure, activity, and mechanism, mass spectrometric analysis, overview. Inhibition of monophenolase and diphenolase activity of mushroom tyosinase. Molecular docking of tyrosinase with the ligands using the structure of the oxy tyrosinase from Streptomyces castaneoglobisporus as the initial model for docking simulations
-
additional information
-
the compounds with resorcinol structure can also act as substrates, react with tyrosinase producing reactive quinones
-
additional information
carvacrol derivatives as mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors, synthesis, kinetics mechanism and molecular docking studies using crystal structure of mushroom tyrosinase, PDB ID 2Y9X, overview
-
additional information
-
synthesis of caffeic acid ester morpholines and inhibitory effect on tyrosinase
-
additional information
-
mushroom tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition by N-acetyl-pentapeptides, inhibition kinetics, overview. The compounds inhibits melanogenesis and reduce the melanin content, e.g. in murine B16F10 cells
-
additional information
-
structure, application and importance of inhibitors, overview
-
additional information
-
a significant reduction in phenoloxidase activity is observed from the 6 h embryo stage to the day 11 larvae
-
additional information
-
over the same ranges of concentrations (0-30 microM for Triton X-100, 0-65 microM for Tween 20 and for Tween 80, and 0-83 microM for NP-40), no effect is observed on PPO activity when catechol is used as the substrate
-
additional information
-
tyrosinase activity is inhibited by an unknown epidermal protein
-
additional information
-
in vitro and in vivo inhibitory potency of natural compounds, inhibition of melanogenesis, overview; no inhibition by N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetamide at 0.1 mM
-
additional information
-
melanin plays a crucial protective role against skin photocarcinogenesis, however, the production of abnormal melanin pigmentation is a serious esthetic problem in humans, melanin biosynthesis can be inhibited by avoiding UV exposure, the inhibition of tyrosinase, the inhibition of melanocyte metabolism and proliferation, or the removal of melanin with corneal ablation, overview, structure, application and importance of inhibitors, overview
-
additional information
-
inhibitory potency of different aurones, no inhibition by apigenin, (Z)-2-benzylidene-6-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one, (Z)-2-(4-ethylbenzylidene)-6-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one, (Z)-benzylidene-4,6-dihydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one, (Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-ethylbenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one, (Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(2-ethylbenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one, (Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one, (Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-ethyloxybenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one, (Z)-2-(4-tert-butylbenzylidene)-4,6-dihydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one, (Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-propylbenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one, and (Z)-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)benzofuran-3(2H)-one, overview, cytotoxic effects on melanocytes depend on the skin color type of the origin, overview
-
additional information
automated docking calculations for inhibitor docking to the enzyme structure model, molecular dynamics, overview. Intermolecular interactions and effectiveness of specific inhibition. Residues N81, N260, H263, and M280 are involved in the binding of inhibitors to mushroom tyrosinase. E195 and H208 are important residues in bacterial tyrosinase, while E230, S245, N249, H252, V262, and S265 bind to inhibitors and are important in forming Pi interaction in human tyrosinase
-
additional information
-
automated docking calculations for inhibitor docking to the enzyme structure model, molecular dynamics, overview. Intermolecular interactions and effectiveness of specific inhibition. Residues N81, N260, H263, and M280 are involved in the binding of inhibitors to mushroom tyrosinase. E195 and H208 are important residues in bacterial tyrosinase, while E230, S245, N249, H252, V262, and S265 bind to inhibitors and are important in forming Pi interaction in human tyrosinase
-
additional information
-
results indicate that the inhibition mechanisms of thiol groups are different from those of halide salts
-
additional information
-
poor inhibition by sodium chloride at 10 mM
-
additional information
no inhibition by Li+. The Cu2+, the active centre of PPO, can be chelated by EDTA and ascorbic acid or replaced by other metal ions such as Ca2+, Zn2+ and Co2+, which cause the inactivation of PPO
-
additional information
-
structure, application and importance of inhibitors, overview
-
additional information
-
the inhibition of enzyme activity as a function of pH, temperature, and ascorbic acid is studied. The enzymatic activity increases with temperature (within the range studied) and is completely inhibited at pH values below 3.0 regardless of temperature. In alkaline conditions, the inhibitory pH level depends on temperature, at 8°C it is observed at pH above 9.0, whereas at 25°C, inhibition occurrs at pH values above 11.0. In any case, the browning reaction does not occur in the presence of ascorbic acid, and, theoretically, prevent browning in bruised olives
-
additional information
-
enzyme-inhibitor binding structure and inhibition mechanism, overview
-
additional information
pH-dependent inhibition of the enzyme
-
additional information
-
no inhibitory effect of Na3N
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by 2,2'-dipyridyl
-
additional information
-
natural occurring compounds like cyclodextrins (two different types of cyclodextrins (OH-beta-CDs and gamma-CDs) tested on enzymatic diphenolic oxidation), which are used in food technology and in pharmacology, can release the inhibitory effect of the inhibitors
-
additional information
-
structure, application and importance of inhibitors, overview
-
additional information
-
the enzyme is strongly inhibited by the reducing agents
-
additional information
-
the enzyme is strongly inhibited by the reducing agents
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by 1 mM arbutin, or 0.2 mM Cu2+, Fe3+, Zn2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+
-
additional information
-
product inhibition of o-quinones
-
additional information
-
no inhibition by citric acid. The mode of action of inhibitors differs from each other. Ascorbic acid and metabisulfite are reducing agents, which can either reduce o-quinones to colourless diphenols or react irreversibly with o-quinones to form stable colourless
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by 2,2'-dipyridyl
-
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0.035
(+)-gallocatechin-3-O-gallate
Agaricus bisporus
-
competitive inhibition
0.034
(-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
Agaricus bisporus
-
competitive inhibition
0.25
(1E,4E)-1,5-bis(2-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.25 mM
0.25
(1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.25 mM
0.25
(1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.25 mM
0.298
(2-([4-(4-methoxy-benzyloxy)-benzylidene]-hydrazono)-4-oxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetic acid methyl ester
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C, substrate L-DOPA
0.0498
(2-[(5-methyl-furan-2-ylmethylene)-hydrazono]-4-oxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetic acid methyl ester
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C, substrate L-DOPA
1
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1 mM
0.35
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1 mM
0.6
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.25
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.028 - 0.2781
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
0.3218
(2E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
1
(2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1 mM
0.35
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.35 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.03
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.5
(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1
(2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(1-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1 mM
1
(2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1 mM
0.42
(2E)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.1
(2E)-3-phenyl-N-(1-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.1 mM
0.1
(2E)-3-phenyl-N-(2-phenylethyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.1 mM
2.1
(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
12.05 - 20
(2E)-but-2-enoic acid
0.35
(2E)-N-(3,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.1
(2E)-N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-phenylprop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.1 mM
0.25
(2E)-N-benzyl-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.028
(2E)-N-benzyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1
(2E)-N-benzyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1 mM
0.1
(2E)-N-benzyl-3-phenylprop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.1 mM
0.1
(2E)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.1 mM
1
(2E)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-3-phenylprop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1 mM
0.0054
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.008 - 0.216
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
0.008
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.0238
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.0404
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-phenylprop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.9 - 4.95
(2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid
0.25
(2E,6E)-2,6-bis[(4-chlorophenyl)methylidene]cyclohexanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.25 mM
0.25
(2E,6E)-2,6-bis[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]cyclohexanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.25 mM
0.24
(2R,3R)-taxifolin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.35
(2Z)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.35 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.35
(2Z)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.35 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.1152
(2Z)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.35
(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.35 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.35
(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.35 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.1213
(2Z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.35
(2Z)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.35 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.35
(2Z)-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.35 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.0501
(4-oxo-2-[(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylene)-hydrazono]-thiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetic acid methyl ester
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C, substrate L-DOPA
0.208
(4-oxo-2-[(3-phenyl-allylidene)-hydrazono]-thiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetic acid methyl ester
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C, substrate L-DOPA
1.85
(S)-imperanene
Homo sapiens
-
nearly as effective as arbutin
0.07905
1,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00015
1-(1,4-diacetylphenyl)dithiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.022
1-(1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00058
1-(1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00052
1-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00017
1-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00031
1-(1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.001
1-(1-(4-isopropylphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00011
1-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00042
1-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-ylidene)-thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00042
1-(1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00088
1-(1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00082
1-(1-(pyridin-3-yl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00014
1-(1-(thiophen-2-yl)ethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00027
1-(1-p-tolylethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00034
1-(1-phenylethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00024 - 0.012
1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propane
0.00085
1-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0555
1-(2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.1
1-(2-oxo-1,2-diphenylethylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00062
1-(3-methylbutylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0151
1-(3-oxocyclohexylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0027
1-(3-phenylallylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00054
1-(4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-ylidene)-thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00054
1-(4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0027
1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-hydroxyurea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.99
1-(4-fluorophenyl)-ethanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
2
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0115
1-(4-methylpent-3-en-2-ylidene) thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.001
1-(but-2-enylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00028
1-(butan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.000086 - 0.00011
1-(propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
0.15
1-(thiophen-2-yl)-ethanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00095
1-cyclohexylidenethiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.000075 - 0.0006
1-cyclopentyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxohydrazine
0.00017
1-cyclopentylidenethiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00026 - 0.0022
1-dodecyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxohydrazine
0.00023
1-ethylidenethiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.77
1-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)urea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0062 - 0.046
1-hydroxy-1-naphthalen-1-yl-2-oxohydrazine
0.00013 - 0.0011
1-hydroxy-2-oxo-1-phenylhydrazine
0.041
1-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)urea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.032
1-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)urea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0026
1-hydroxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)urea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00029
1-hydroxy-3-phenylurea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0043
1-hydroxy-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.026
1-methoxy-3-naphthalen-2-ylthiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0803
1-methylethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.0078
1-pentanoyl-3-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0197
1-pentanoyl-3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0101
1-pentanoyl-3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0195
1-pentanoyl-3-(2,6-dibromo-4-fluorophenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0166
1-pentanoyl-3-(3-nitrophenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0065
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0034
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-bromophenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0023
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0016
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.008
1-pentanoyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0002
1-propylidenethiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.000086
1-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethylidene]thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0063
1-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-3-hydroxyurea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.07
1-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]-3-phenylurea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.068
1H-indol-5-ol
Mus musculus
-
-
0.582
2'-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3',5,5',7,7'-pentahydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2',3,3',4a,8a-hexahydro-4H,4'H-3,8'-bichromene-4,4'-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0694
2,2':4',2''-ter-1,3,4-oxadiazole-5,5',5''(4H,4''H)-trithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0029
2,2':4',2''-ter-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5,5',5''(4H,4''H)-trithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0431 - 0.0461
2,3,4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxydeoxybenzoin
0.3 - 0.5
2,3,4,4'-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
0.2033 - 0.3
2,3,4-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
0.2613 - 0.3
2,4,4',6-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
0.1359 - 0.1785
2,4,4'-trihydroxydeoxybenzoin
0.08435 - 0.1974
2,4,5-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
0.07105 - 0.2302
2,4,6-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
0.1121 - 0.2397
2,4-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxydeoxybenzoin
0.0788 - 0.1814
2,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
0.55
2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzyl)benzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.550 mM
1.82
2,4-dihydroxy-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)benzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 1.820 mM
0.042
2,4-dihydroxy-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
Mus musculus
-
-
0.00045
2-(2-furanylmethylene)-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0265
2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.0591
2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.16
2-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) for 10 min at 25°C
0.12
2-(4-fluorophenyl)-quinazolin-4(3H)-one
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0309
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0161
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0426
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.1569
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0598
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.2012
2-(4-formyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.00193
2-(phenylmethylene)-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00122 - 0.0154
2-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone
2.28
2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.65
2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
7.9
2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
2.15
2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
2.85
2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
4.3
2-hydroxybenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0749
2-hydroxyethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.0004
2-hydroxytropone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0981
2-methoxyethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
2.6
2-Methylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
2.56
2-Methylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.717 - 1.415
2-Methylresorcinol
15
2-oxoglutaric acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C
0.0153
2-[(1E,2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-enimidoyl]phenol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 30°C
0.0127
2-[(1E,2E)-N-hydroxy-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-enimidoyl]phenol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 30°C
0.2
2-[(2,3,4-trihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00018
2-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0065
2-[(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0875
2-[(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00033
2-[(2-hydroxy-4-bromophenyl)methylene]thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00038
2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.1152
2-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.1455
2-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0422
2-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0336
2-[(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00488
2-[(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0039
2-[(3-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00568
2-[(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00028
2-[(4-bromophenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00041
2-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00148
2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methylene]-thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00073
2-[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-5-(D-xylopyranosyloxy)phenyl D-xylopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0016
2-[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-5-hydroxyphenyl D-xylopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
5times more potent than that of kojic acid
0.0792
2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.0676
2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.0000167
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0067
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0065
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0077
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl (2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0067
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0652
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0159
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0938
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0149
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 3-hydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0149
2-[2-methyl-5-(propan-2-yl)phenoxy]-2-oxoethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
Agaricus bisporus
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.001
2-[3-(2,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propyl]benzene-1,4-diol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00112
2alpha,3alpha,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0114
3'',4''-dihydroglabridin
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.555
3,4,5-trihydroxy-N-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzyl)benzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.555 mM
1.18
3,4,5-trihydroxy-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)benzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 1.180 mM
0.168 - 0.3
3,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
0.28
3,4-dihydroxy-N-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzyl)benzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.280 mM
2
3,4-dihydroxy-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)benzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 2.0 mM
0.073
3,4-dihydroxy-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
Mus musculus
-
-
0.0003
3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde-O-ethyloxime
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.97
3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1
3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
1
3,4-dimethoxydihydrocinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.705
3,5-dihydroxy-N-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzyl)benzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.705 mM
0.71
3,5-dihydroxy-N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)benzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.710 mM
0.55
3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol
Mus musculus
-
-
0.27
3-(3',4',5'-trihydroxyphenyl)-6,8-dihydroxycoumarin
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.067 M phosphoric acid buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
3.68
3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-2-one
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.067 M phosphoric acid buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.016
3-hydroxy-1-methyl-1-phenylurea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
3.7
3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1
3-hydroxycinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1 mM
0.0006 - 0.0634
3-hydroxyphloretin
0.03
3-hydroxyphlorizin
Homo sapiens
-
the effect of the formosan apple constituents on hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity
1.8
3-Methoxybenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.45
3-methylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.58
3-methylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.7
3-methylcrotonic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.01102
3beta, 23, 24-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.1
4'-hydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.5, 30°C
0.01059
4'-hydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.5, 30°C
0.0147
4'-hydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.5, 30°C
0.1
4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
above, pH 6.5, 30°C
0.0153
4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.5, 30°C
0.0153
4'-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.5, 30°C
0.0024
4,4'-diamino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1'H-1,3'-bi-1,2,4-triazole-5,5'(4H,4'H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00101
4,4'-diamino-3-(pyridin-4-yl)-1'H-1,3'-bi-1,2,4-triazole-5,5'(4H,4'H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00037
4,4'-ethane-1,2-diyldibenzene-1,3-diol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.075
4-(1-methylethyl)benzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.225
4-(1-methylethyl)benzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.049
4-(benzyloxy)-N'-(hydrazinylcarbonyl)benzohydrazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
1.15
4-(hexyloxy)benzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.4
4-(pentyloxy)benzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.215 - 4.13
4-Aminobenzoic acid
1.65
4-butoxybenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.038
4-butylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.165 - 0.18
4-butylbenzoic acid
0.00182 - 0.0067
4-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone
0.1156
4-coumaric acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.00112
4-dodecylresorcinol
Pieris rapae
-
reversible and competitive inhibition, IC50: 0.00112 mM
0.023
4-ethenylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.33
4-ethenylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.1
4-ethoxybenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.095
4-Ethylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.29
4-ethylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0019 - 0.00931
4-ethylresorcinol
0.0216
4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl (4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.1014
4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl (4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)acetate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.0789
4-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl chloroacetate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
3
4-formylphenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
3
4-formylphenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
3
4-formylphenyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-beta-D-ribopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
3
4-formylphenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.62
4-formylphenyl 2,3-O-(1-methylethylidene)-beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.052
4-formylphenyl 4,6-O-(phenylmethylidene)-beta-D-gulopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.43
4-formylphenyl 6-O-(dimethoxyphosphoryl)-beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
3
4-formylphenyl 6-O-trityl-beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
2.54
4-formylphenyl beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.94
4-formylphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.28
4-formylphenyl beta-D-ribopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
2.54
4-formylphenyl-O-beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0088
4-heptylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.075 - 0.095
4-heptylbenzoic acid
0.008
4-hexylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.106 - 0.11
4-hexylbenzoic acid
0.0025 - 0.018
4-hexylresorcinol
0.97
4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.211
4-hydroxy-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-methoxybenzamide
Mus musculus
-
-
0.233
4-hydroxy-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
Mus musculus
-
-
1.12 - 1.22
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
1.3
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
3
4-hydroxyphenyl beta-D-xyloside
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.74
4-hydroxyphenyl beta-xylodioside
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.18
4-hydroxyphenyl beta-xylotetraoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.48
4-hydroxyphenyl beta-xylotrioside
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.35
4-methoxybenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.42
4-methoxybenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.41 - 0.8617
4-methoxycinnamic acid
0.12
4-methylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.35
4-methylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0011
4-methylresorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C, inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase
0.01
4-octylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.047 - 0.082
4-octylbenzoic acid
0.0135
4-pentylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.12 - 0.152
4-pentylbenzoic acid
0.8 - 1.1
4-phenyl-2-butanol
1.85
4-propoxybenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.075
4-propylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.213 - 0.235
4-propylbenzoic acid
0.038
4-tert-butylbenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.215
4-tert-butylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00341
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00041
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00031
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0528
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0365
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4-tris-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-xylopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00065
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00361
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00296
4-[(E)-(carbamothioylhydrazono)methyl]phenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.2
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4-tris-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-xylopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4,6-tetrakis-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,4-tris-O-(phenylcarbonyl)-beta-D-xylopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl beta-D-allopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.2
4-[(E)-(methoxyimino)methyl]phenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM
0.00043
4-[2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-hydroxyphenyl D-xylopyranoside
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.024
4-[3-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)propyl]benzene-1,3-diol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0027 - 0.0238
4-[[hydroxy(nitroso)amino]methyl]benzene-1,3-diol
0.0011 - 0.0137
4-[[hydroxy(nitroso)amino]methyl]phenol
0.0185
5'-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00177
5'-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00019
5'-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00053
5'-(4-[[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy]phenyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00676
5'-(diphenylmethyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0052
5'-(diphenylmethyl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0336
5'-(naphthalen-1-yl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0142
5'-(pyridin-4-yl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00247
5'-(pyridin-4-yl)-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00367
5'-benzyl-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00494
5'-cyclohexyl-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00647
5'-phenyl-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00131
5'-phenyl-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00442
5'-[(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00049
5'-[(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0019
5'-[3-(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)propyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00364
5'-[3-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00135
5'-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-2,3'-bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2',5(4H)-dithione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.00026 - 0.01861
5,2',4'-trihydroxy-2'',2''-dimethylchromene-(6,7:5'',6'')-flavanone
0.1325
5-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.2
5-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0342
5-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.1374
5-(4-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.1793
5-(4-(2-butoxyethoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.1074
5-(4-(2-butoxyethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.04545
5-(4-(2-butoxyethoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.1559
5-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.2
5-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.2
5-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.2
5-(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.1128
5-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.2
5-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.02843
5-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.07542
5-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.2
5-(4-(4-methoxy)benzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.2
5-(4-(4-methoxybutoxy)benzyl)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.2
5-(4-(4-methoxyethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0778
5-(4-(4-methoxyethoxy)benzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.07002
5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2-thioxo-dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.2
5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.01449
5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-thioxo-dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.01398
5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0514 - 0.0516
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one
0.98
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0422
6-hydroxy-2H-pyran-3-carbaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.567
6-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)coumarin
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.067 M phosphoric acid buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.193
6-hydroxyapigenin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.182
6-hydroxygalangin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.124
6-hydroxykaempferol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.1
7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-2-one
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.1 mM, in 0.067 M phosphoric acid buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0442 - 0.2
8-isoprenyl-5'-geranyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy flavanone
0.312
8-O-methyltianmushanol
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.2
9-hydroxy-4-methoxypsoralen
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00078
Ac-KSRFR
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.00081
Ac-KSSFR
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.00075
Ac-RSRFK
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.00029
Ac-RSRFS
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C
0.85
acetophenone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.03
Agaritine
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.1
aloesin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
12
alpha-picolyl heptyl amine
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 12 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5)
12
alpha-picolyl pentyl amine
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 12 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5)
12
alpha-picolyl propyl amine
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 12 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5)
0.0075 - 0.028
ammonium tetramolybdate
0.0001
anacardic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.38
Anisaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.68
Anisic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.006577
arjungenin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.001
arjunilic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.001545
artocarpanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0005254
artocarpesin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.2009
artocarpetin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.04793
artocarpfuranol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.03 - 4.61
ascorbic acid
0.273
baicalein
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0011
bayogenin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.8
benzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.5 - 2
benzylideneacetone
6.3
beta-arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.49
beta-mercaptoethanol
Lactarius salmonicolor
-
at 25°C
9.5
beta-picolyl heptyl amine
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5)
12
beta-picolyl pentyl amine
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5)
12
beta-picolyl propyl amine
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5)
1.44
betulin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00214
betulinic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
25
Bromoacetate
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.06028
brosimone I
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00043 - 0.00057
broussonin C
0.35
bufobutanoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.35 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.0089
campestrol
Agaricus bisporus
-
isolated from Trifolium balansae, NMR structure identification, IC50: 0.00890 mM
0.09438
carpachromene
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.045
chrysin
Homo sapiens
-
the effect of the formosan apple constituents on hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity
62.91
Citric acid
Lactuca sativa
-
-
0.1666
cudraflavone B
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.26
cumic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.05
cuminaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.06873
cyanomaclurin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0015
cyclohex-2-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA
Pieris rapae
-
reversible and competitive inhibition, IC50: 0.00150 mM
0.092
cyclomorusin
Agaricus bisporus
-
for monophenolase activity
0.58
D-ascorbic acid-6-p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) for 10 min at 25°C
0.194
daedalin A
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1
dihydro-4-coumaric acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
1
dihydro-4-methoxycinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
1
dihydrocaffeic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
1
dihydrocinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
1
dihydroferulic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.1957
dihydroisoferulic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.01035
dihydromorin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1
dihydrosinapic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
2350
DMSO
Sarcophaga bullata
-
at 30°C
26.4
EDTA
Lactuca sativa
-
-
0.0655
epigallocatechin gallate
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00312
erythrodiol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0363
ethyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.11
farnesic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1
ferulic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.00179 - 0.00748
flemichin D
0.00101 - 0.0195
fleminchalcone A
0.0184 - 0.0326
fleminchalcone B
0.00128 - 0.00522
fleminchalcone C
6.8
gamma-picolyl heptyl amine
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
4.2
gamma-picolyl pentyl amine
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5)
5.8
gamma-picolyl propyl amine
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5)
1.62
geranial
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.01858
glabridin
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
16.08
hesperidin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
3.35 - 13.2
hexanoic acid
0.01348 - 1.09
hydroquinone
0.0006628
isoartocarpesin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.1149
isoferulic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.0155 - 0.0228
kazinol C
0.00096 - 0.0017
kazinol F
0.0179 - 0.0269
kazinol S
3.6
KFEKKFEK
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.67 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.00496 - 0.0204
khonklonginol H
0.88
kuraridinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity
0.0022
kurarinone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.135
kuwanon C
Agaricus bisporus
-
for monophenolase activity
0.0204 - 10.39
L-cysteine
3.56 - 16
L-phenylalanine
2.73
L-Pro-L-Leu-Gly
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.67 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.00038
L-tyrosine
Lactarius salmonicolor
-
at 25°C
2.24
lupeol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0112 - 0.0841
lupinifolin
0.0017
maslinic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.349
methyl (Z)-2-((E)-2-(((E)-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)methylene)hydrazono)-4-oxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)acetate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C, substrate L-DOPA
0.101
methyl (Z)-2-((E)-2-(((E)-4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)hydrazono)-4-oxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)acetate
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C, substrate L-DOPA
0.002345
methyl arjunolate
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0074 - 0.0646
moracin M
0.0825 - 0.2
moracinoside M
0.088
mormin
Agaricus bisporus
-
for monophenolase activity
0.25
morusin
Agaricus bisporus
-
for monophenolase activity
0.027
N',N'''-benzene-1,4-diylbis(1-hydroxyurea)
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.1772
N'-(hydrazinylcarbonyl)-4-hydroxybenzohydrazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.996
N'-(hydrazinylcarbonyl)naphthalene-2-carbohydrazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.17 - 0.23
N,N-unsubstituted selenourea derivatives
Agaricus bisporus
-
55.5% inhibition at 0.2 mM, IC50: 0.17-0.23 mM
-
0.029
N-(2,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-2,4-dihydroxybenzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.029 mM
0.017
N-(2,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.017 mM
0.011
N-(2,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-3,4-dihydroxybenzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.011 mM
0.0022
N-(2,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-3,5-dihydroxybenzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.0022 mM
1.66
N-benzyl-2,4-dihydroxybenzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 1.660 mM
0.78
N-benzyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.780 mM
2
N-benzyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 2.0 mM
0.7
N-benzyl-3,5-dihydroxybenzamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.700 mM
1.99
N-benzylamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 1.990 mM
0.028
N-caffeoylserotonin
Mus musculus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.17
N-hydroxy-N-(phenylcarbamoyl)acetamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0018
N-phenylthiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.073
N-protocatechuoylserotonin
Mus musculus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.311
N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]acetamide
Mus musculus
-
-
0.333
N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]benzamide
Mus musculus
-
-
16.84
NaF
Litchi chinensis
-
-
0.1274 - 0.2
neocyclomorusin
1.49
nobiletin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0012 - 0.4647
norartocarpetin
2.15 - 3.06
octanoic acid
0.4
octyl (2E)-3-(5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)prop-2-enoate
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.12
oxalic acid
Lactarius salmonicolor
-
at 25°C
0.001 - 0.0012
oxyresveratrol
0.23
p-aminobenzenesulfonamide
Lactarius salmonicolor
-
at 25°C
0.2 - 3.65
p-coumaric acid
4.54
p-hydroxybenzoic acid
Lactuca sativa
-
-
0.3506
p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00017 - 0.17
Phenylthiourea
0.0008
phloretin
Homo sapiens
-
the effect of the formosan apple constituents on hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity. Phloretin, quercetin, 3-hydroxyphloretin, catechol, and pinosylvin have the strongest hydroxyl radical-scavenging properties
0.087
phloridzin
Homo sapiens
-
the effect of the formosan apple constituents on hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity
0.0025
pinosylvin
Homo sapiens
-
the effect of the formosan apple constituents on hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity, phloretin, quercetin, 3-hydroxyphloretin, catechol, and pinosylvin have the strongest hydroxyl radical-scavenging properties
0.346
procyanidin B1
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.042
protocatechuic acid
Homo sapiens
-
the effect of the formosan apple constituents on hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity
0.123
RADSRADC
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.67 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.08
rutin
Homo sapiens
-
the effect of the formosan apple constituents on hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity
0.0008 - 0.0012
Salicylhydroxamic acid
0.35
serotonin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.35 mM, in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
8
SFLLRN
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.67 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
1
Sinapic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.06 - 41
Sodium metabisulfite
0.0047
sophoraflavanone G
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.13
soyacerebroside I
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0005733 - 0.0265
steppogenin
0.00239
stigmast-5-ene-3beta,26-diol
Agaricus bisporus
-
isolated from Trifolium balansae, NMR structure identification, IC50: 0.00239 mM
0.00525
stigmast-5-ene-3beta-ol
Agaricus bisporus
-
isolated from Trifolium balansae, NMR structure identification, IC50: 0.00525 mM
0.4
syringic acid
Lactarius salmonicolor
-
at 25°C
0.358
tianmushanol
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.85
trans-cinnamaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.14 - 2.3
trans-geranic acid
506.8
trifolirhizin
Agaricus bisporus
-
moderate inhibitory activity
0.42
umbelliferone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.067 M phosphoric acid buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.04
YRSRKYSSWY
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.67 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.00697
[1,1''-biphenyl]-3-carboxylic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.5, 30°C
0.1
[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
above, pH 6.5, 30°C
0.06324
[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.5, 30°C
0.0753
[2-(furan-2-ylmethylene-hydrazono)-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]-acetic acid methyl ester
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C, substrate L-DOPA
0.142
[2-[(4-benzyloxy-benzylidene)-hydrazono]-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]-acetic acid methyl ester
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C, substrate L-DOPA
0.0032
[4-oxo-2-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene-hydrazono)-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]-acetic acid methyl ester
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 25°C, substrate L-DOPA
additional information
additional information
-
0.028
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
Mus musculus
-
-
0.2781
(2E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
12.05
(2E)-but-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of diphenolase activity, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
20
(2E)-but-2-enoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of monophenolase activity, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.008
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.216
(2E)-N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide
Mus musculus
-
-
0.9
(2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of diphenolase activity, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
4.95
(2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of monophenolase activity, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.00024
1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propane
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.012
1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2,4-dimethoxy-3-methylphenyl)propane
Mus musculus
-
-
0.000086
1-(propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
most potent inhibitor
0.00011
1-(propan-2-ylidene)thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.000075
1-cyclopentyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxohydrazine
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 5.8
0.0006
1-cyclopentyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxohydrazine
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 6.8
0.00026
1-dodecyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxohydrazine
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 5.8
0.0022
1-dodecyl-1-hydroxy-2-oxohydrazine
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 6.8
0.0062
1-hydroxy-1-naphthalen-1-yl-2-oxohydrazine
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 5.8
0.046
1-hydroxy-1-naphthalen-1-yl-2-oxohydrazine
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00013
1-hydroxy-2-oxo-1-phenylhydrazine
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 5.8
0.0011
1-hydroxy-2-oxo-1-phenylhydrazine
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 6.8
0.0431
2,3,4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.04337
2,3,4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.0461
2,3,4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.3
2,3,4,4'-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.3 mM, at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.3
2,3,4,4'-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.3 mM, at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.5
2,3,4,4'-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.5 mM, at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.2033
2,3,4-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.2119
2,3,4-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.3
2,3,4-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.3 mM, at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.2613
2,4,4',6-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.3
2,4,4',6-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.3 mM, at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.3
2,4,4',6-tetrahydroxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.3 mM, at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.1359
2,4,4'-trihydroxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.1724
2,4,4'-trihydroxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.1785
2,4,4'-trihydroxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.08435
2,4,5-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.1442
2,4,5-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.1974
2,4,5-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.07105
2,4,6-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.2139
2,4,6-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.2302
2,4,6-trihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.1121
2,4-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.2091
2,4-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.2397
2,4-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.0788
2,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.1604
2,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.1814
2,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.00122
2-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-Dopa as substrate, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0154
2-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.717
2-Methylresorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C, inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase
1.415
2-Methylresorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C, inhibition of the monophenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase
0.168
3,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.1777
3,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.3
3,4-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydeoxybenzoin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.3 mM, at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.035
3-cymene
Beta vulgaris
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
0.035
3-cymene
Homo sapiens
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
0.035
3-cymene
Neurospora crassa
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
0.035
3-cymene
Agaricus bisporus
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
0.035
3-cymene
Streptomyces glaucescens
-
competitive, IC50: 0.035 mM
0.0006
3-hydroxyphloretin
Homo sapiens
-
potent hydroxyl radical-scavenging, phloretin, quercetin, 3-hydroxyphloretin, catechol, and pinosylvin have the strongest hydroxyl radical-scavenging properties
0.032
3-hydroxyphloretin
Homo sapiens
-
cellular tyrosinase-reducing activities, reduction of tyrosinase in HEMn cells
0.0634
3-hydroxyphloretin
Agaricus bisporus
-
exhibits a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase activity, enzyme kinetics study of 3-hydroxyphloretin as inhibitor with various concentrations of the L-tyrosine substrate (15.625, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 microM)
0.215
4-Aminobenzoic acid
Lactuca sativa
-
using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate
1.52
4-Aminobenzoic acid
Lactuca sativa
-
using catechol as a substrate
4.13
4-Aminobenzoic acid
Lactuca sativa
-
using pyrogallol as a substrate
0.165
4-butylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.18
4-butylbenzoic acid
Solanum tuberosum
-
in 50 mM PBS (pH 6.8), temperature not specified in the publication
0.00182
4-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-Dopa as substrate, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0067
4-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0019
4-ethylresorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C, inhibition of the monophenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase
0.0033
4-ethylresorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C, inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase
0.00931
4-ethylresorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C, inhibition of the monophenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase
0.075
4-heptylbenzoic acid
Solanum tuberosum
-
in 50 mM PBS (pH 6.8), temperature not specified in the publication
0.095
4-heptylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.106
4-hexylbenzoic acid
Solanum tuberosum
-
in 50 mM PBS (pH 6.8), temperature not specified in the publication
0.11
4-hexylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0025
4-hexylresorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, partially purified)
0.018
4-hexylresorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, crude powder, lot 105k7026)
1.12
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.15
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.22
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
1.22
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.41
4-methoxycinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.41
4-methoxycinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.8617
4-methoxycinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.047
4-octylbenzoic acid
Solanum tuberosum
-
in 50 mM PBS (pH 6.8), temperature not specified in the publication
0.082
4-octylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.12
4-pentylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.152
4-pentylbenzoic acid
Solanum tuberosum
-
in 50 mM PBS (pH 6.8), temperature not specified in the publication
0.8
4-phenyl-2-butanol
Agaricus bisporus
-
inhibition of diphenolase activity of the enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
1.1
4-phenyl-2-butanol
Agaricus bisporus
-
inhibition of monophenolase activity of the enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.213
4-propylbenzoic acid
Solanum tuberosum
-
in 50 mM PBS (pH 6.8), temperature not specified in the publication
0.235
4-propylbenzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0027
4-[[hydroxy(nitroso)amino]methyl]benzene-1,3-diol
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 5.8
0.0238
4-[[hydroxy(nitroso)amino]methyl]benzene-1,3-diol
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 6.8
0.0011
4-[[hydroxy(nitroso)amino]methyl]phenol
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 5.8
0.0137
4-[[hydroxy(nitroso)amino]methyl]phenol
Agaricus bisporus
-
at pH 6.8
0.00026
5,2',4'-trihydroxy-2'',2''-dimethylchromene-(6,7:5'',6'')-flavanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of diphenolase activity using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, at 37°C
0.01861
5,2',4'-trihydroxy-2'',2''-dimethylchromene-(6,7:5'',6'')-flavanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of monophenolase activity using L-Dopa as substrate, in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, at 37°C
0.0514
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.0516
5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4H-pyran-4-one
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.0442
8-isoprenyl-5'-geranyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy flavanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
8-isoprenyl-5'-geranyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy flavanone
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0985
albafuran A
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
albafuran A
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0075
ammonium tetramolybdate
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, partially purified)
0.028
ammonium tetramolybdate
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, crude powder, lot 105k7026)
0.04
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.201
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.2105
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.3292
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.672
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
daedalin A is 3times more potent than arbutin
1.43
arbutin
Homo sapiens
-
-
3
arbutin
Homo sapiens
-
-
7.3
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
8.4
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
10.4
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
27.31
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
548
arbutin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.03
ascorbic acid
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
monophenolase activity, at pH 7.0 and 40°C
0.0426
ascorbic acid
Anethum graveolens
-
-
0.0672
ascorbic acid
Lactuca sativa
-
using pyrogallol as a substrate
0.08
ascorbic acid
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 3
0.08
ascorbic acid
Neoboletus erythropus
-
pH 8.0, 20°C
0.09
ascorbic acid
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 1
0.1
ascorbic acid
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 2
0.22
ascorbic acid
Lactuca sativa
-
using catechol as a substrate
0.221
ascorbic acid
Lactuca sativa
-
using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate
0.26
ascorbic acid
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
diphenolase activity, at pH 5.0 and 30°C
4.61
ascorbic acid
Lactuca sativa
-
-
0.9
benzoic acid
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
monophenolase activity, at pH 7.0 and 40°C
1
benzoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
4.33
benzoic acid
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
diphenolase activity, at pH 5.0 and 30°C
10.2
benzoic acid
Neoboletus erythropus
-
pH 8.0, 20°C
0.6
benzylacetone
Agaricus bisporus
-
inhibition of diphenolase activity of the enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
2.8
benzylacetone
Agaricus bisporus
-
inhibition of monophenolase activity of the enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
1.5
benzylideneacetone
Agaricus bisporus
-
inhibition of monophenolase activity of the enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
2
benzylideneacetone
Agaricus bisporus
-
inhibition of diphenolase activity of the enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00043
broussonin C
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.00057
broussonin C
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.4
caffeic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1
caffeic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
0.0011
catechol
Homo sapiens
-
potent hydroxyl radical-scavenging, phloretin, quercetin, 3-hydroxyphloretin, catechol, and pinosylvin have the strongest hydroxyl radical-scavenging properties
0.022
catechol
Homo sapiens
-
cellular tyrosinase-reducing activities, reduction of tyrosinase in HEMn cells
0.02
cefazolin
Agaricus bisporus
-
for diphenolase activity of tyrosinase, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
7
cefazolin
Agaricus bisporus
-
for monophenolase activity of tyrosinase, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.13
cefodizime
Agaricus bisporus
-
for monophenolase activity of tyrosinase, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.21
cefodizime
Agaricus bisporus
-
for diphenolase activity of tyrosinase, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
1
Cinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1 mM
1
Cinnamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 1.0 mM in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), at 37°C
155
Cl-
Homo sapiens
-
human tyrosinase source TXM13 pigment cell
164
Cl-
Homo sapiens
-
human tyrosinase source HEK293-TYR
0.017
davanol
Beta vulgaris
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
0.017
davanol
Homo sapiens
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
0.017
davanol
Neurospora crassa
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
0.017
davanol
Agaricus bisporus
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
0.017
davanol
Streptomyces glaucescens
-
competitive, IC50: 0.017 mM
0.034
dillapiole
Beta vulgaris
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
0.034
dillapiole
Homo sapiens
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
0.034
dillapiole
Neurospora crassa
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
0.034
dillapiole
Agaricus bisporus
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
0.034
dillapiole
Streptomyces glaucescens
-
competitive, IC50: 0.034 mM
0.21
esculetin
Agaricus bisporus
Worthington mushroom tyrosinase (WMT, crude powder, lot 33H6588Q)
0.225
esculetin
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, crude powder, lot 105k7026)
0.00179
flemichin D
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.00748
flemichin D
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.00101
fleminchalcone A
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0195
fleminchalcone A
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0184
fleminchalcone B
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0326
fleminchalcone B
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.00128
fleminchalcone C
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.00522
fleminchalcone C
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0114
glutathione
Lactuca sativa
-
using pyrogallol as a substrate
0.0167
glutathione
Lactuca sativa
-
using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate
0.0325
glutathione
Anethum graveolens
-
-
0.0662
glutathione
Lactuca sativa
-
using catechol as a substrate
0.19
glutathione
Litchi chinensis
-
-
0.91
glutathione
Lactarius salmonicolor
-
at 25°C
4.7
glutathione
Lactuca sativa
-
-
3.35
hexanoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of diphenolase activity, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
13.2
hexanoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of monophenolase activity, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.01348
hydroquinone
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of diphenolase activity using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, at 37°C
0.037
hydroquinone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0916
hydroquinone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
1.09
hydroquinone
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of monophenolase activity using L-Dopa as substrate, in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, at 37°C
0.23
kaempferol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.23
kaempferol
Neurospora crassa
-
competitive, IC50: 0.230 mM
0.23
kaempferol
Agaricus bisporus
-
competitive, IC50: 0.230 mM
0.23
kaempferol
Streptomyces glaucescens
-
competitive, IC50: 0.230 mM
0.262
kaempferol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0155
kazinol C
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0228
kazinol C
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.1647
kazinol D
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
kazinol D
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.00096
kazinol F
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0017
kazinol F
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-DOPA as substrate, using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0179
kazinol S
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0269
kazinol S
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.1031
kazinol T
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
kazinol T
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.00496
khonklonginol H
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0204
khonklonginol H
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0074
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.008
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0123
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.01476
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0163
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.0163 mM
0.0163
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.01667
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.01667
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.01667 mM
0.01857
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of monophenolase activity using L-Dopa as substrate, in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, at 37°C
0.025
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, partially purified)
0.03
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, crude powder, lot 105k7026)
0.0372
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0373
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 6.8, 30°C
0.0373
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.045
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
Worthington mushroom tyrosinase (WMT, crude powder, lot 33H6588Q)
0.048
kojic acid
Illex argentinus
IC50: 0.048 mM for ST94 and ST94t
0.061
kojic acid
Mus musculus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.06655
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0716
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.075
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0752
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.129
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of diphenolase activity using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, at 37°C
0.13
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.1328
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 0.5 h
0.22
kojic acid
Crocus sativus
-
with catechol as substrate, competitive inhibition
0.2251
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 1.5 h
0.243
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM Na-phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.273
kojic acid
Mus musculus
-
-
0.277
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.277 mM
0.323
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 37°C
0.35
kojic acid
Crocus sativus
-
with pyrogallol as substrate, mixed inhibition
0.3881
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.4383
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
at incubation interval of 2.5 h
0.5
kojic acid
Crocus sativus
-
with p-cresol as substrate, uncompetitive inhibition
0.68
kojic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.7
kojic acid
Crocus sativus
-
with L-dopa as substrate, noncompetitive inhibition
0.0001
kurarinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
8.6
kurarinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity
0.1318
kuwanon A
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
kuwanon A
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0475
kuwanon E
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
kuwanon E
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
kuwanon U
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
kuwanon U
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0204
L-cysteine
Anethum graveolens
-
-
0.13
L-cysteine
Litchi chinensis
-
-
0.15
L-cysteine
Lactarius salmonicolor
-
at 25°C
0.24
L-cysteine
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
diphenolase activity, at pH 5.0 and 30°C
0.3
L-cysteine
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
monophenolase activity, at pH 7.0 and 40°C
10.39
L-cysteine
Lactuca sativa
-
-
0.00368
L-mimosine
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00368
L-mimosine
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.00368 mM
3.56
L-phenylalanine
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
diphenolase activity, at pH 5.0 and 30°C
16
L-phenylalanine
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
monophenolase activity, at pH 7.0 and 40°C
0.0112
lupinifolin
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0841
lupinifolin
Agaricus bisporus
-
with L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.04
Methimazole
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, crude powder, lot 105k7026)
0.047
Methimazole
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, partially purified)
0.0074
moracin M
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0646
moracin M
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.1603
moracin N
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
moracin N
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0825
moracinoside M
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
moracinoside M
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
2.32
morin
Beta vulgaris
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
2.32
morin
Homo sapiens
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
2.32
morin
Neurospora crassa
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
2.32
morin
Agaricus bisporus
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
2.32
morin
Streptomyces glaucescens
-
competitive, IC50: 2.320 mM
0.2
morusinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
morusinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.1274
neocyclomorusin
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
neocyclomorusin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0012
norartocarpetin
Agaricus bisporus
-
for monophenolase activity
0.0012
norartocarpetin
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.2
norartocarpetin
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 above 0.2 mM, using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.4647
norartocarpetin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
2.15
octanoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of diphenolase activity, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
3.06
octanoic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
value for inhibition of monophenolase activity, in 50 mM Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.001
oxyresveratrol
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0012
oxyresveratrol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C
0.2
p-coumaric acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
3.65
p-coumaric acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00017
Phenylthiourea
Illex argentinus
IC50: 0.00017 mM for ST94, 0.00018 mM for ST94t
0.17
Phenylthiourea
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50: 0.17 mM
0.0012
quercetin
Homo sapiens
-
the effect of the formosan apple constituents on hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity, phloretin, quercetin, 3-hydroxyphloretin, catechol, and pinosylvin have the strongest hydroxyl radical-scavenging properties
0.07
quercetin
Beta vulgaris
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
0.07
quercetin
Homo sapiens
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
0.07
quercetin
Neurospora crassa
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
0.07
quercetin
Agaricus bisporus
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
0.07
quercetin
Streptomyces glaucescens
-
competitive, IC50: 0.070 mM
0.652
resorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C, inhibition of the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase
1.125
resorcinol
Agaricus bisporus
-
pH 7.0, 25°C, inhibition of the monophenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase
0.0008
Salicylhydroxamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
Worthington mushroom tyrosinase (WMT, crude powder, lot 33H6588Q)
0.0009
Salicylhydroxamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, partially purified)
0.0012
Salicylhydroxamic acid
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, crude powder, lot 105k7026)
0.05
Sodium azide
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 3
0.06
Sodium azide
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 1
0.06
Sodium azide
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 2
0.5
Sodium azide
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
monophenolase activity, at pH 7.0 and 40°C
10
Sodium azide
Neoboletus erythropus
-
pH 8.0, 20°C
13.8
Sodium azide
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
diphenolase activity, at pH 5.0 and 30°C
0.06
Sodium metabisulfite
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
monophenolase activity, at pH 7.0 and 40°C
0.07
Sodium metabisulfite
Neoboletus erythropus
-
pH 8.0, 20°C
0.178
Sodium metabisulfite
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
diphenolase activity, at pH 5.0 and 30°C
9
Sodium metabisulfite
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 3
23.8
Sodium metabisulfite
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 1
41
Sodium metabisulfite
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 2
0.0005733
steppogenin
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.0013
steppogenin
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-tyrosine as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
0.0265
steppogenin
Agaricus bisporus
-
using L-DOPA as substrate, in 0.25 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 30°C
2
Thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
2
Thiosemicarbazide
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 aboe 2.0 mM, in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.008
Thiourea
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
monophenolase activity, at pH 7.0 and 40°C
0.085
Thiourea
Macrolepiota gracilenta
-
diphenolase activity, at pH 5.0 and 30°C
1.49
Thiourea
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 3
1.5
Thiourea
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 1
1.73
Thiourea
Mespilus germanica
-
at ripening stage 2
0.14
trans-geranic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
isomer 1
2.3
trans-geranic acid
Agaricus bisporus
-
isomer 2
0.0004
tropolone
Agaricus bisporus
-
-
0.00042
tropolone
Agaricus bisporus
-
in 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8), at 25°C
0.0013
tropolone
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, crude powder, lot 105k7026)
0.0017
tropolone
Agaricus bisporus
Sigma mushroom tyrosinase (SMT, partially purified)
0.0021
tropolone
Illex argentinus
IC50: 0.0021 mM for ST94, 0.0022 mM for ST94t
0.011
tropolone
Lactuca sativa
-
using pyrogallol as a substrate
0.013
tropolone
Lactuca sativa
-
using catechol as a substrate
0.413
tropolone
Lactuca sativa
-
using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate
additional information
additional information
Agaricus bisporus
-
1-hydroxy-2-oxo-1-phenylhydrazine displays competitive inhibition at pH 6.8 and 5.8, all the other N-substituted N-nitrosohydroxylamines show a different type of inhibition at pH 6.8. and 5.8
-
additional information
additional information
Agaricus bisporus
-
daedalin A also shows 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity (IC50: 16.9 microM) and superoxide anion scavenging activity (IC50: 28.5 microM)
-
additional information
additional information
Agaricus bisporus
-
Ganoderma lucidum exhibits significant inhibition of tyrosinase activity, IC50 value 0.32 mg/ml
-
additional information
additional information
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50 values for N-phenylurea, 1-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxyurea, 1-(4-butoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxyurea, 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-hydroxy-1-methylurea, 1-methoxy-3-phenylurea, 1-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-phenylurea, 1-hydroxy-1,3-dimethyl-3-phenylurea, 3-methoxy-1-methyl-1-phenylurea, 1-hydroxy-3-phenylthiourea, 1-methoxy-3-(4-nitrophenyl)thiourea are above 1 mM
-
additional information
additional information
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50-value for petroleum ether: 8.09 mg/ml, IC50-value for crude ethanol phase (ECPE): 7.53 mg/ml, IC50-value for macroporus adsorption resin (FGRE): 4.80 mg/ml
-
additional information
additional information
Agaricus bisporus
-
IC50-values above 1 mM for artocarpin, cycloartocarpin, and cycloartocarpesin
-
additional information
additional information
Agaricus bisporus
-
methanolic and acetonic extracts of the stem bark of Sideroxylon inerme show significant inhibition of monophenolase activity (IC50 values of 63 microg/ml and 82 microg/ml). The methanolic extract also exhibits 37% reduction of melanin content at 6.2 microg/ml in melanocytes without being significantly toxic to the cells
-
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