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Information on EC 1.14.14.186 - tryptamine 5-hydroxylase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC1.14.14.186
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EC Tree 1 Oxidoreductases
1.14 Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
1.14.14 With reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
1.14.14.186 tryptamine 5-hydroxylase
IUBMB Comments
A cytochrome P-450. The enzyme has been characterized from rice (Oryza sativa) and walnut (Juglans regia).
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
showSynonyms
CYP71P1, LM42, LOC_Os12g16720, SL protein, T5H, T5H1, TNH2 hydroxylase, tryptamine hydroxylase, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
CYP71P1
CYP71P1
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
tryptamine + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] = serotonin + H2O + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
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-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
tryptamine,NADPH---hemoprotein reductase:oxygen oxidoreductase (5-hydroxylating)
A cytochrome P-450. The enzyme has been characterized from rice (Oryza sativa) and walnut (Juglans regia).
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
tryptamine + O2 + NADPH + H+
serotonin + H2O + NADP+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
tryptamine + O2 + reduced [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
serotonin + H2O + oxidized [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
tryptamine + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
serotonin + H2O + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
tryptamine + O2 + [reduced NADPH-P450 reductase]
serotonin + H2O + [oxidized NADPH-P450 reductase]
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
tryptamine + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
serotonin + H2O + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
tryptamine + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
serotonin + H2O + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: L-phenylalanine, indole acetic acid and cinnamic acid are not accepted as substrates
Products: -
Products: -
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additional information
?
-
Substrates: the enzyme does not metabolize tryptophan, indole 3-acetic acid, or tyramine
Products: -
Products: -
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
tryptamine + O2 + reduced [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
serotonin + H2O + oxidized [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
tryptamine + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
serotonin + H2O + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
tryptamine + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
serotonin + H2O + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
tryptamine + O2 + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
serotonin + H2O + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
NADH
-
addition of equimolar amounts of NADH to the assays leads to a 22% increase in activity
tetrahydropterine
dependent on, the enzyme activity decreases by 70% in the absence of tetrahydropterine
-
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
the enzyme activity remains unaltered by dopamine in vitro
-
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
physiological function
the enzyme is required for suppression of cell death and uncontrolled activation of defense responses in rice
malfunction
loss-of-function of enzyme gene LM42 activates expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating genes and inhibited expression of ROS-scavenging genes, leading to ROS accumulation and eventually cell death. Furthermore, its disruption induces expression of defense-response genes and enhances host resistance to both fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
malfunction
enzyme gene suppression induces melatonin biosynthesis in rice. The tryptamine increase through the suppression of the enzyme plays an important signaling role in triggering melatonin biosynthesis in rice
malfunction
an enzyme knockout rice mutant called Sekiguchi rice shows a propagation-type lesion-mimic leaf phenotype and fails to produce serotonin or melatonin, even under stress conditions
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
T38A
rice lesion mimic mutant displaying flame-red spots on the leaves and sheaths at the 3-leaf developmental stage and exhibiting impaired photosynthetic capacity with decreased chlorophyll content and decomposed chloroplast thylakoids
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GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
the recombinant N-terminal 37 amino acid deleted enzyme is not functional without glutathione S transferase
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
co-expressed with tryptophan decarboxylase in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells
expressed in Escherichia coli DH10Bac cells and Sf9 insect cells
expressed in Nicotiana tabacum leaves
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
enzyme expression is induced by the N-acetylchitooligosaccharide (chitin) elicitor and by infection with Magnaporthe grisea
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Park, S.; Kang, K.; Lee, S.W.; Ahn, M.J.; Bae, J.M.; Back, K.
Production of serotonin by dual expression of tryptophan decarboxylase and tryptamine 5-hydroxylase in Escherichia coli
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
89
1387-1394
2011
Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q2QUC5)
brenda
Schroeder, P.; Abele, C.; Gohr, P.; Stuhlfauth-Roisch, U.; Grosse, W.
Latest on enzymology of serotonin biosynthesis in walnut seeds
Adv. Exp. Med. Biol.
467
637-644
1999
Juglans regia
brenda
Shen, W.; Feng, Z.; Hu, K.; Cao, W.; Li, M.; Ju, R.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, Z.; Zuo, S.
Tryptamine 5-hydroxylase is required for suppression of cell death and uncontrolled defense activation in rice
Front. Sustain. Food Syst.
6
857760
2022
Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q2QUC5)
-
brenda
Fujiwara, T.; Maisonneuve, S.; Isshiki, M.; Mizutani, M.; Chen, L.; Wong, H.L.; Kawasaki, T.; Shimamoto, K.
Sekiguchi lesion gene encodes a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes conversion of tryptamine to serotonin in rice
J. Biol. Chem.
285
11308-11313
2010
Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q2QUC5)
brenda
Park, S.; Byeon, Y.; Back, K.
Transcriptional suppression of tryptamine 5-hydroxylase, a terminal serotonin biosynthetic gene, induces melatonin biosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
J. Pineal Res.
55
131-137
2013
Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q2QUC5)
brenda
Kang, S.; Kang, K.; Lee, K.; Back, K.
Characterization of tryptamine 5-hydroxylase and serotonin synthesis in rice plants
Plant Cell Rep.
26
2009-2015
2007
Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q2QUC5)
brenda
Back, K.
Melatonin metabolism, signaling and possible roles in plants
Plant J.
105
376-391
2021
Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q2QUC5)
brenda
Dangol, A.; Shavit, R.; Yaakov, B.; Strickler, S.R.; Jander, G.; Tzin, V.
Characterizing serotonin biosynthesis in Setaria viridis leaves and its effect on aphids
Plant Mol. Biol.
109
533-549
2022
Oryza sativa Japonica Group (Q2QUC5), Setaria viridis
brenda
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