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Information on EC 1.11.1.15 - peroxiredoxin

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deleted, now covered by EC 1.11.1.24, thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin, EC 1.11.1.25, glutaredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin, EC 1.11.1.26, NADH-dependent peroxiredoxin, EC 1.11.1.27, glutathione-dependent peroxiredoxin, EC 1.11.1.28, lipoyl-dependent peroxiredoxin, and EC 1.11.1.29, mycoredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin
IUBMB Comments

Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a ubiquitous family of antioxidant proteins. They can be divided into three classes: typical 2-Cys, atypical 2-Cys and 1-Cys peroxiredoxins . The peroxidase reaction comprises two steps centred around a redox-active cysteine called the peroxidatic cysteine. All three peroxiredoxin classes have the first step in common, in which the peroxidatic cysteine attacks the peroxide substrate and is oxidized to S-hydroxycysteine (a sulfenic acid) (see mechanism). The second step of the peroxidase reaction, the regeneration of cysteine from S-hydroxycysteine, distinguishes the three peroxiredoxin classes. For typical 2-Cys Prxs, in the second step, the peroxidatic S-hydroxycysteine from one subunit is attacked by the ‘resolving’ cysteine located in the C-terminus of the second subunit, to form an intersubunit disulfide bond, which is then reduced by one of several cell-specific thiol-containing reductants (R′-SH) (e.g. thioredoxin, AhpF, tryparedoxin or AhpD), completing the catalytic cycle. In the atypical 2-Cys Prxs, both the peroxidatic cysteine and its resolving cysteine are in the same polypeptide, so their reaction forms an intrachain disulfide bond . To recycle the disulfide, known atypical 2-Cys Prxs appear to use thioredoxin as an electron donor . The 1-Cys Prxs conserve only the peroxidatic cysteine, so that its oxidized form is directly reduced to cysteine by the reductant molecule .

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