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Information on EC 1.1.5.3 - glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

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IUBMB Comments
This flavin-dependent dehydrogenase is an essential membrane enzyme, functioning at the central junction of glycolysis, respiration and phospholipid biosynthesis. In bacteria, the enzyme is localized to the cytoplasmic membrane , while in eukaryotes it is tightly bound to the outer surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane . In eukaryotes, this enzyme, together with the cytosolic enzyme EC 1.1.1.8, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+), forms the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle by which NADH produced in the cytosol, primarily from glycolysis, can be reoxidized to NAD+ by the mitochondrial electron-transport chain . This shuttle plays a critical role in transferring reducing equivalents from cytosolic NADH into the mitochondrial matrix [7,8]. Insect flight muscle uses only CoQ10 as the physiological quinone whereas hamster and rat mitochondria use mainly CoQ9 . The enzyme is activated by calcium .
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2, fad-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, fad-gpdh, fad-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycerol-3-phosphate oxidoreductase, more
REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
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ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + a quinone = glycerone phosphate + a quinol
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