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MetaCyc
(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,16-pentaenoate biosynthesis II (4-desaturase), (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoate biosynthesis (6-desaturase), (9Z)-tricosene biosynthesis, arachidonate biosynthesis I (6-desaturase, lower eukaryotes), arachidonate biosynthesis III (6-desaturase, mammals), arachidonate biosynthesis IV (8-detaturase, lower eukaryotes), arachidonate biosynthesis V (8-detaturase, mammals), docosahexaenoate biosynthesis I (lower eukaryotes), docosahexaenoate biosynthesis III (6-desaturase, mammals), docosahexaenoate biosynthesis IV (4-desaturase, mammals), hydroxylated fatty acid biosynthesis (plants), icosapentaenoate biosynthesis I (lower eukaryotes), icosapentaenoate biosynthesis II (6-desaturase, mammals), icosapentaenoate biosynthesis III (8-desaturase, mammals), icosapentaenoate biosynthesis V (8-desaturase, lower eukaryotes), juniperonate biosynthesis, sciadonate biosynthesis, ultra-long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, very long chain fatty acid biosynthesis I, very long chain fatty acid biosynthesis II
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(3R)-3-hydroxy-arachidoyl-CoA + NADP+
3-oxo-arachidoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+
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(3R)-3-hydroxy-lignoceroyl-CoA + NADP+
3-oxo-lignoceroyl-CoA + NADPH + H+
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3-oxostearoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+
3-hydroxystearoyl-CoA + NADP+
Substrates: -
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a very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+
a very-long-chain (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+
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nonanal + NADPH + H+
1-nonanol + NADP+
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additional information
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additional information
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Substrates: enzyme shows NADPH-dependent 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase activity in an in vitro fatty acid elongation assay system using palmitoyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA as substrates
Products: -
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additional information
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Substrates: enzyme shows NADPH-dependent 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase activity in an in vitro fatty acid elongation assay system using palmitoyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA as substrates
Products: -
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physiological function
a Ybr159 gene disruption mutant shows reduced very long-chain fatty acid synthesis, accumulation of high levels of dihydrosphingosine and phytosphingosine, and accumulation of medium-chain ceramides. Mutant is deficient in the reduction of the 3-ketoacyl intermediates of fatty acid elongation. The mutant also displays reduced dehydration of the 3-OH acyl intermediates of fatty acid elongation, suggesting that its gene is required for the stability or function of the dehydratase activity of the elongase system. The enzyme protein co-localizes and co-immunoprecipitates with other elongating enzymes, Elo3p and Tsc13p. Whereas very long-chain fatty acid synthesis is essential for viability, the deletion mutant cells are viable albeit very slowly growing and do synthesize some very long-chain fatty acids. A ybr159ayr1 double mutant is inviable, suggesting that Ayr1p is responsible for the residual 3-ketoreductase activity
physiological function
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expression of isoform KCR1 can restore heterologous elongase activity in yeast. Loss of isoform KCR1 function results in embryo lethality, while loss loss of isoform KCR2 function has no obvious phenotypic effect. Suppression of isoform KCR1 enzymic activity results in a reduction of cuticular wax load and affects very-long-chain fatty acid composition of sphingolipids, seed triacylglycerols, and root glycerolipids
physiological function
gene disruption results in slow growth of mutants and high temperature sensitivity. Enzyme is a component of the microsomal fatty acid elongase complex, mutants display reduced endogenous fatty acid elongation activity
physiological function
gene is able to complement the yeast ybr159w deletion mutant. Yeast ybr159w deletion mutant cells expressing the gene produce very long-chain fatty acids, especially C26:0. Enzyme does not participate in plastid de novo fatty acid synthesis pathway but is possibly involved in a cytosolic fatty acid elongation system
physiological function
heterologous expression in a yeast ybr159w deletion mutant restores wild-type grwoth
physiological function
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the enzyme affects rice cuticular wax production by participating in very long-chain fatty acid elongation
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Beaudoin, F.; Wu, X.; Li, F.; Haslam, R.P.; Markham, J.E.; Zheng, H.; Napier, J.A.; Kunst, L.
Functional characterization of the Arabidopsis beta-ketoacyl-coenzyme A reductase candidates of the fatty acid elongase
Plant Physiol.
150
1174-1191
2009
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Pang, Y.; Song, W.Q.; Chen, F.Y.; Qin, Y.M.
A new cotton SDR family gene encodes a polypeptide possessing aldehyde reductase and 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase activities
Biochemistry (Moscow)
75
320-326
2010
Gossypium hirsutum (Q0VH86), Gossypium hirsutum
brenda
Qin, Y.M.; Pujol, F.M.; Shi, Y.H.; Feng, J.X.; Liu, Y.M.; Kastaniotis, A.J.; Hiltunen, J.K.; Zhu, Y.X.
Cloning and functional characterization of two cDNAs encoding NADPH-dependent 3-ketoacyl-CoA reductase from developing cotton fibers
Cell Res.
15
465-473
2005
Gossypium hirsutum (Q0VH87), Gossypium hirsutum (Q0VH88)
brenda
Beaudoin, F.; Gable, K.; Sayanova, O.; Dunn, T.; Napier, J.
A Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene required for heterologous fatty acid elongase activity encodes a microsomal beta-keto-reductase
J. Biol. Chem.
277
11481-11488
2002
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P38286), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Han, G.; Gable, K.; Kohlwein, S.; Beaudoin, F.; Napier, J.; Dunn, T.
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae YBR159w gene encodes the 3-ketoreductase of the microsomal fatty acid elongase
J. Biol. Chem.
277
35440-35449
2002
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P38286), Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Yoshida, S.; Saitoh, T.; Takeshita, M.
Hydrogen transfer by NADPH-dependent reductases in elongation of very-long-chain saturated and polyunsaturated fatty-acyl-CoA in swine cerebral microsomes
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
958
361-7
1988
Sus scrofa
brenda
Gan, L.; Wang, X.; Cheng, Z.; Liu, L.; Wang, J.; Zhang, Z.; Ren, Y.; Lei, C.; Zhao, Z.; Zhu, S.; Lin, Q.; Wu, F.; Guo, X.; Wang, J.; Zhang, X.; Wan, J.
Wax crystal-sparse leaf 3 encoding a beta-ketoacyl-CoA reductase is involved in cuticular wax biosynthesis in rice
Plant Cell Rep.
35
1687-1698
2016
Oryza sativa
brenda
Huai, D.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, C.; Cahoon, E.B.; Zhou, Y.
Combinatorial effects of fatty acid elongase enzymes on nervonic acid production in Camelina sativa
PLoS ONE
10
e0131755
2015
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Zheng, Y.; Chen, C.; Liang, Y.; Sun, R.; Gao, L.; Liu, T.; Li, D.
Genome-wide association analysis of the lipid and fatty acid metabolism regulatory network in the mesocarp of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) based on small noncoding RNA sequencing
Tree Physiol.
39
356-371
2019
Elaeis guineensis (A0A6I9RSI7)
brenda
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