Information on EC 3.5.1.44 - protein-glutamine glutaminase:
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria

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EC NUMBERCOMMENTARY
3.5.1.44-

RECOMMENDED NAMEGeneOntology No.
protein-glutamine glutaminaseGO:0050568

REACTIONREACTION DIAGRAMCOMMENTARYORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.LITERATURE
protein L-glutamine + H2O = protein L-glutamate + NH3
show the reaction diagram		----

REACTION TYPEORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
hydrolysisChryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670--719630
hydrolysis of amide bond----

PATHWAYKEGG LinkMetaCyc Link
No entries in this field

SYSTEMATIC NAMEIUBMB Comments
protein-L-glutamine amidohydrolaseSpecific for the hydrolysis of the gamma-amide of glutamine substituted at the carboxyl position or both the alpha-amino and carboxyl positions, e.g., L-glutaminylglycine and L-phenylalanyl-L-glutaminylglycine.

SYNONYMSORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
PGChryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670--669018
pro-PGCorynebacterium glutamicum--690564
pro-protein glutaminaseCorynebacterium glutamicum--690564
protein glutaminaseCorynebacterium glutamicum--690564
protein-glutaminaseChryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670--669018, 687221, 690000, 712165
protein-glutaminaseChryseobacterium proteolyticum--669018, 684639, 687221, 690000, 712165, 712514, 719630, 719631

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERCOMMENTARY
62213-11-0-

ORGANISMCOMMENTARYLITERATURESEQUENCE CODESEQUENCE DB SOURCE
Bacillus circulans-288896, 288897, 288898, 288899, 288900, 288907, 288908--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Bacillus circulansATCC 21590288895--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-712165, 719630, 719631--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chryseobacterium proteolyticumprecursor684639Q9AQQ8SwissProtManually annotated by BRENDA team
Chryseobacterium proteolyticumstrain 9670669018, 687221, 690000, 712514--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670strain 9670669018, 687221, 690000--Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Corynebacterium glutamicum-690564--Manually annotated by BRENDA team

GENERAL INFORMATIONORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
No entries in this field

SUBSTRATEPRODUCT                      REACTION DIAGRAMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY/
Substrate		 LITERATURE/
Substrate		 COMMENTARY/
Product		 LITERATURE/
Product		 Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
alpha-casein + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-protein-glutaminase deamidation induces the dissociation of casein micelle resulting in an increase of the oil/water surface area712165--?
alpha-lactalbumin + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum--712165--?
alpha-lactalbumin + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-glutamine residues Gln2, Gln39, Gln43, Gln54, Gln65, and Gln117, in alpha-lactalbumin can be modified by protein-glutaminase (Gln117 is the most reactive)719631--?
alpha-zein + H2O?
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-insoluble substrate from maize, deamination up to 62% in presence of 11.7% ethanol, the deaminated product becomes more soluble669018--?
benzyloxycarbonyl-Gln-Gly + H2Obenzyloxycarbonyl-Glu-Gly + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum--690000, 684639--?
benzyloxycarbonyl-Gln-Gly + H2Obenzyloxycarbonyl-Glu-Gly + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticumQ9AQQ8-684639--?
benzyloxycarbonyl-Gln-Gly + H2Obenzyloxycarbonyl-Glu-Gly + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670--690000--?
benzyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln + H2Obenzyloxycarbonyl-L-Glu + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
benzyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-Gly + H2Obenzyloxycarbonyl-L-Glu-Gly + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
benzyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-Gly methyl ester + H2Obenzyloxycarbonyl-L-Glu-Gly methyl ester + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897--?
benzyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-L-Pro + H2Obenzyloxycarbonyl-L-Glu-L-Pro + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
beta-casein + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-protein-glutaminase deamidation induces the dissociation of casein micelle resulting in an increase of the oil/water surface area712165--?
beta-lactoglobulin + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum--712165--?
casein + H2ONH3 + ?
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans-after heat treatment at 100°C for 15 min, followed by proteolysis and alkali solubilization288908--?
gamma-casein + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-protein-glutaminase deamidation induces the dissociation of casein micelle resulting in an increase of the oil/water surface area712165--?
gluten + H2ONH3 + ?
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans-after heat treatment at 100°C for 15 min, followed by proteolysis and alkali solubilization288908--?
gluten + H2Odeaminated gluten + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum--687221--?
Gly-L-Gln + H2OGly-L-Glu + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
insulin + H2ONH3 + ?
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans-two L-Gln in oxidized insulin A chain are attacked288897--?
L-Gln + H2OL-Glu + NH4
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
L-Gln-Gly + H2OL-Glu-Gly + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
L-His-L-Ser-L-Gln-Gly-L-Thr-L-Phe-L-Thr + H2OL-His-L-Ser-L-Glu-Gly-L-Thr-L-Phe-L-Thr + NH4
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897--?
L-Ile-L-Gln-L-Asn-L-CysH-L-Pro-L-Leu-Gly-NH2 acetate + H2OL-Ile-L-Glu-L-Asn-L-CysH-L-Pro-L-Leu-Gly-N-acetate + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
L-Leu-Gly-L-Gln + H2OL-Leu-Gly-L-Gln + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
L-Lys-L-Gln-Gly + H2OL-Lys-L-Glu-Gly + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897--?
L-Phe-L-Gln-Gly + H2OL-Phe-L-Glu-Gly + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
L-phthaloyl-L-Gln-L-Ala + H2OL-phthaloyl-L-Glu-L-Ala + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288899--?
L-Pro-L-Gln + H2OL-Pro-L-Glu + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
L-Ser-L-Gln-Gly + H2OL-Ser-L-Glu-Gly + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897--?
N-acetyl-L-Gln + H2ON-acetyl-L-Glu + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897--?
skim milk + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-protein-glutaminase catalyzes the deamidation of glutamine residues in skim milk proteins712165--?
soy protein + H2ONH3 + ?
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans-after heat treatment at 100°C for 15 min, followed by proteolysis and alkali solubilization288908--?
soy protein + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum--719630--?
tert-amyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-L-Leu-Gly + H2Otert-amyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-L-Leu-Gly + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897--?
tert-amyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-Pro + H2Otert-amyloxycarbonyl-L-Glu-Pro + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288898, 288899--?
Z-Gln-Gly + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum--712165--?
Z-Glu-Gly + H2O? + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Chryseobacterium proteolyticum--712165--?
L-Tyr-L-Gln + H2OL-Tyr-L-Glu + NH3
show the reaction diagram		Bacillus circulans--288895, 288897, 288899--?
additional information?-Bacillus circulans-no activity against high molecular weight substrates288908---
additional information?-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-protein-glutaminase catalyzes only the deamidation of the side chain amido group of protein-bound glutaminyl residues to release ammonia without catalyzing the transglutamination and hydrolysis of asparaginyl residues or producing other undesirable changes in protein structure712514---
additional information?-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-the enzyme catalyzes the incorporation of 15N-labeled ammonium ions into reactive glutamine amide groups719631---
additional information?-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-protein-glutaminase catalyzes only the deamidation of the side chain amido group of protein-bound glutaminyl residues to release ammonia without catalyzing the transglutamination and hydrolysis of asparaginyl residues or producing other undesirable changes in protein structure712514---
additional information?-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-the enzyme catalyzes the incorporation of 15N-labeled ammonium ions into reactive glutamine amide groups719631---

NATURAL SUBSTRATESNATURAL PRODUCTSREACTION DIAGRAMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARY SUBSTRATELITERATURE
(Substrate)		COMMENTARY PRODUCTLITERATURE
(Product)
additional information?-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-protein-glutaminase catalyzes only the deamidation of the side chain amido group of protein-bound glutaminyl residues to release ammonia without catalyzing the transglutamination and hydrolysis of asparaginyl residues or producing other undesirable changes in protein structure712514--

COFACTORORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATUREIMAGE
No entries in this field

METALS and IONS ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARY LITERATURE
No entries in this field

INHIBITORSORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
AgNO3Bacillus circulans--288897 2D-image
Cu2+Bacillus circulans--288899 2D-image
Hg2+Bacillus circulans--288897 2D-image
Hg2+Bacillus circulans-HgCl2288899 2D-image
N-bromosuccinimideBacillus circulans--288897 2D-image
NH4+Chryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-competitive inhibitor719631 2D-image
sodium lauryl sulfateBacillus circulans--288897 2D-image

ACTIVATING COMPOUNDORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
No entries in this field

KM VALUE [mM]KM VALUE [mM] MaximumSUBSTRATEORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
1.57-benzyloxycarbonyl-D-GlnBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
22.2-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-GlnBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
0.12-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-GlyBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
1.25-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-Gly methyl esterBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
0.21-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-L-ProBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
18.2-Gly-L-GlnBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
5-L-GlnBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
50-L-GlnBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
0.66-L-Gln-GlyBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
50-L-His-L-Ser-L-Gln-Gly-L-Thr-L-Phe-L-ThrBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
44-L-Ile-L-Gln-L-Asn-L-CysH-L-Pro-L-Leu-Gly-N-acetateBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
0.09-L-Lys-L-Gln-GlyBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
0.12-L-Phe-L-Gln-GlyBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
22.2-L-Pro-L-GlnBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
0.12-L-Ser-L-Gln-GlyBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
10-L-Tyr-L-GlnBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
14.3-N-acetyl-L-GlnBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
16.7-tert-amyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-L-Leu-GlyBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image
0.12-tert-amyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-L-ProBacillus circulans--288895, 288897 2D-image

TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s] TURNOVER NUMBER MAXIMUM[1/s] SUBSTRATEORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
No entries in this field

kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1] MaximumSUBSTRATEORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
No entries in this field

Ki VALUE [mM]Ki VALUE [mM] MaximumINHIBITORORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
No entries in this field

IC50 VALUE [mM]IC50 VALUE [mM] MaximumINHIBITORORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE IMAGE
No entries in this field

SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg] SPECIFIC ACTIVITY MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
73.2-Bacillus circulans--288899
78-Bacillus circulans--288895, 288898
367.1-Bacillus circulans--288900

pH OPTIMUMpH MAXIMUMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARYLITERATURE
7-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-optimal conditions based on achieving a high degree of deamidation with a concurrently low degree of hydrolysis are 44°C, enzyme:substrate ratio of 40 units/g protein and pH 7.0719630
7.5-Bacillus circulans--288899
8-Bacillus circulans-hydrolysis of tert-amyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-L-Pro288897
8-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-assay at669018

pH RANGEpH RANGE MAXIMUMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
No entries in this field

TEMPERATURE OPTIMUMTEMPERATURE OPTIMUM MAXIMUMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
44-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-optimal conditions based on achieving a high degree of deamidation with a concurrently low degree of hydrolysis are 44°C, enzyme:substrate ratio of 40 units/g protein and pH 7.0719630
49-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-assay at669018
50-Bacillus circulans-hydrolysis of tert-amyloxycarbonyl-L-Gln-L-Pro288897

TEMPERATURE RANGE TEMPERATURE MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
No entries in this field

pI VALUEpI VALUE MAXIMUMORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
10-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-calculated from amino acid sequence712514

SOURCE TISSUE ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE SOURCE
No entries in this field

LOCALIZATION ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY GeneOntology No. LITERATURE SOURCE
No entries in this field

PDBSCOPCATHORGANISM
2ksv, downloadSCOP (2ksv)CATH (2ksv)Chryseobacterium proteolyticum

MOLECULAR WEIGHT MOLECULAR WEIGHT MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
19860-Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-calculated from amino acid sequence712514
105000-Bacillus circulans-equilibrium sedimentation288896
110000-Bacillus circulans-gel filtration288900
125000-Bacillus circulans-gel filtration288897

SUBUNITS ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
dimerBacillus circulans-2 * 51000, peptidoglutaminase II, SDS-PAGE288895
monomerChryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-1 * 19860, calculated from amino acid sequence712514

POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
glycoproteinBacillus circulans, Bacillus circulans 251, Bacillus circulans 8, Bacillus circulans AM7, Bacillus circulans ATCC21367, Bacillus circulans B3312, Bacillus circulans BIO-3m, Bacillus circulans BL53, Bacillus circulans C31, Bacillus circulans DF, Bacillus circulans DF 9R, Bacillus circulans DF9, Bacillus circulans E 192, Bacillus circulans F-2, Bacillus circulans G-6, Bacillus circulans HpT298, Bacillus circulans HU-M1, Bacillus circulans KA-304, Bacillus circulans KSM-N257, Bacillus circulans MG-4, Bacillus circulans MH-K1, Bacillus circulans Mn-SOD, Bacillus circulans MT-G2, Bacillus circulans MTCC 8574, Bacillus circulans NHB-1, Bacillus circulans No. 4.1, Bacillus circulans NR3312, Bacillus circulans SANK 72073, Bacillus circulans SANK72073, Bacillus circulans T-3040, Bacillus circulans WL-12, Bacillus circulans WL12, Bacillus circulans WZ12-a glycoprotein containing 2 mol of galactose and 11 mol of glucosamine per mol of enzyme288896

Crystallization/COMMENTARY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
No entries in this field

pH STABILITYpH STABILITY MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
611Bacillus circulans-1°C, 22 h, stable288897
68Bacillus circulans-40°C, 1 h, stable288897

TEMPERATURE STABILITYTEMPERATURE STABILITY MAXIMUM ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARYLITERATURE
40-Bacillus circulans-10 min, stable up to288897
50-Bacillus circulans-10 min, complete inactivation288897

GENERAL STABILITYORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.LITERATURE
No entries in this field

ORGANIC SOLVENT ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. COMMENTARY LITERATURE
No entries in this field

OXIDATION STABILITY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
No entries in this field

STORAGE STABILITY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
No entries in this field

Purification/COMMENTARY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
-Bacillus circulans-288895, 288898, 288899, 288900
native enzyme to homogeneityChryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-669018
-Corynebacterium glutamicum-690564

Cloned/COMMENTARY ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
Chryseobacterium proteolyticum pro-protein-glutaminase fails to be secreted from Chryseobacterium glutamicum using a Sec-pathway dependent signal peptide. It is efficiently secreted in a Tat-dependent manner when fused with a twin-arginine signal peptide. Protein production using the Tat pathway in Chryseobacterium glutamicum may be useful for industrial-scale protein productionChryseobacterium proteolyticumQ9AQQ8684639
expressed in Corynebacterium glutamicumChryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-712165, 712514, 719631

EXPRESSION ORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO. LITERATURE
No entries in this field

ENGINEERINGORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
No entries in this field

Renatured/COMMENTARYORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.LITERATURE
No entries in this field

APPLICATIONORGANISM UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.COMMENTARYLITERATURE
synthesisBacillus circulans-deamination of food proteins after treatment at 100°C for 15 min followed by proteolysis and alkali solubilization288908
food industryChryseobacterium proteolyticum-in food industry, protein deamination is regarded as a promising method to improve protein functionality (solubility, emulsion, foam and gelling properties) desired in food systems. The enzyme produced from Chryseobacterium proteolyticum is not toxigenic so that consumer safety is assured. The enzyme can be reproducibly produced and purified into a consistent enzyme product690000
food industryChryseobacterium proteolyticum-protein-glutaminase is contributes to improving the quality of various dairy products such as yoghurt, cheese, acid milk drinks, etc. Deamidation by protein-glutaminase improves the emulsion capacity of skim milk solution712165
nutritionChryseobacterium proteolyticum-the enzyme might be useful to improve solubility and susceptibility of zeins from maize, which have high antioxidant potential and important functional properties in nutrition669018
food industryChryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-in food industry, protein deamination is regarded as a promising method to improve protein functionality (solubility, emulsion, foam and gelling properties) desired in food systems. The enzyme produced from Chryseobacterium proteolyticum is not toxigenic so that consumer safety is assured. The enzyme can be reproducibly produced and purified into a consistent enzyme product690000
food industryChryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-protein-glutaminase is contributes to improving the quality of various dairy products such as yoghurt, cheese, acid milk drinks, etc. Deamidation by protein-glutaminase improves the emulsion capacity of skim milk solution712165
nutritionChryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670-the enzyme might be useful to improve solubility and susceptibility of zeins from maize, which have high antioxidant potential and important functional properties in nutrition669018

REF. AUTHORS TITLE JOURNAL VOL. PAGES YEAR ORGANISM (UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.)LINK TO PUBMEDSOURCE
288895Kikuchi, M.; Sakaguchi, K.Peptidoglutaminase (Bacillus circulans)Methods Enzymol.45B485-4921976Bacillus circulans PubMed
288896Kikuchi, M.; Sakaguchi, K.Chemical and physical properties of peptidoglutaminase I and II from Bacillus circulansBiochim. Biophys. Acta427285-2941976Bacillus circulans PubMed
288897Kikuchi, M.; Sakaguchi, K.Some enzymatic properties and substrate specificities of peptidoglutaminase-I and IIAgric. Biol. Chem.371813-18211973Bacillus circulans-
288898Kikuchi, M.; Sakaguchi, K.Peptidoglutaminase-I and II: Isolation in homogeneous formAgric. Biol. Chem.37827-8351973Bacillus circulans-
288899Kikuchi, M.; Hayashida, H.; Nakano, E.; Sakaguchi, K.Peptidoglutaminase. Enzymes for selective deamidation of gamma-amide of peptide-bound glutamineBiochemistry101222-12291971Bacillus circulans PubMed
288900Hamada, J.S.High performance liquid chromatography of Bacillus circulans peptidoglutaminase for laboratory and industrial usesJ. Chromatogr. A702163-1721995Bacillus circulans-
288907OæShaughnessy, A.J.; Gill, B.P.; Headon, D.R.An assessment of the potential of peptidoglutaminase II in modifying the charge characteristics of proteinsBiochem. Soc. Trans.134981985Bacillus circulans-
288908Hamada, J.S.Effects of heat and proteolysis on deamidation of food proteins using peptidoglutaminaseJ. Agric. Food Chem.40719-7231992Bacillus circulans-
669018Yong, Y.H.; Yamaguchi, S.; Gu, Y.S.; Mori, T.; Matsumura, Y.Effects of enzymatic deamidation by protein-glutaminase on structure and functional properties of alpha-zeinJ. Agric. Food Chem.527094-71002004Chryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670 PubMed
684639Kikuchi, Y.; Itaya, H.; Date, M.; Matsui, K.; Wu, L.F.Production of Chryseobacterium proteolyticum protein-glutaminase using the twin-arginine translocation pathway in Corynebacterium glutamicumAppl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.7867-742008Chryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum (Q9AQQ8) PubMed
687221Yong, Y.H.; Yamaguchi, S.; Matsumura, Y.Effects of enzymatic deamidation by protein-glutaminase on structure and functional properties of wheat glutenJ. Agric. Food Chem.546034-60402006Chryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670 PubMed
690000Scheuplein, R.J.; Mizutani, A.; Yamaguchi, S.Studies on the non-pathogenicity of Chryseobacterium proteolyticum and on the safety of the enzyme: protein-glutaminaseRegul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.4979-892007Chryseobacterium proteolyticum, Chryseobacterium proteolyticum 9670 PubMed
690564Kikuchi, Y.; Itaya, H.; Date, M.; Matsui, K.; Wu, L.F.TatABC overexpression improves Corynebacterium glutamicum Tat-dependent protein secretionAppl. Environ. Microbiol.75603-6072009Corynebacterium glutamicum PubMed
712165Miwa, N.; Yokoyama, K.; Wakabayashi, H.; Nio, N.Effect of deamidation by protein-glutaminase on physicochemical and functional properties of skim milkInt. Dairy J.20393-3992010Chryseobacterium proteolyticum-
712514Kumeta, H.; Miwa, N.; Ogura, K.; Kai, Y.; Mizukoshi, T.; Shimba, N.; Suzuki, E.; Inagaki, F.The NMR structure of protein-glutaminase from Chryseobacterium proteolyticumJ. Biomol. NMR46251-2552010Chryseobacterium proteolyticum PubMed
719630Suppavorasatit, I.; De Mejia, E.G.; Cadwallader, K.R.Optimization of the enzymatic deamidation of soy protein by protein-glutaminase and its effect on the functional properties of the proteinJ. Agric. Food Chem.5911621-116282011Chryseobacterium proteolyticum PubMed
719631Miwa, N.; Shimba, N.; Nakamura, M.; Yokoyama, K.; Nio, N.; Suzuki, E.; Sonomoto, K.Incorporation of 15N-labeled ammonia into glutamine amide groups by protein-glutaminase and analysis of the reactivity for alpha-lactalbuminJ. Agric. Food Chem.5912752-127602011Chryseobacterium proteolyticum PubMed

LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 3.5.1.44)
ExplorEnz
ExPASy
KEGG
MetaCyc
NCBI: PubMed, Protein, Nucleotide, Structure, Genome, OMIM
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature
PROSITE Database of protein families and domains
SYSTERS
Protein Mutant Database
InterPro (database of protein families, domains and functional sites)