Information on EC 3.2.1.1 -

Information on EC 3.2.1.1 - alpha-amylase:

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EC NUMBER	COMMENTARY
3.2.1.1	-

RECOMMENDED NAME	GeneOntology No.
alpha-amylase	GO:0004556

REACTION	REACTION DIAGRAM	COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		-	-	-	-
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		PFTA is a bifunctional enzyme showing alpha-amylase as well as cyclodextrin-hydrolyzing activity	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	663700
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		residues Asp204, Glu240, and Asp305 are involved in catalysis, residues His118, Ala206, Lys207, and His304 are important for starch binding	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	663786
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		the active site structure involves the catalytic residues D197, E233, and D300, reaction mechanism	Homo sapiens	-	664094
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		reaction mechanism and kinetic mechanism	Bacillus licheniformis	-	664440
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		mode of action	Vibrio sp.	-	664782
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		TVAII is a bifunctional enzyme showing alpha-amylase as well as cyclodextrin-hydrolyzing activity, the enzyme hydrolyzes alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages and alpha-1,6-glucosidic linkages, active site structure and substrate binding structure, Trp356 is involved in substrate binding, and Tyr374 is involved in substrate orientation for catalysis	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	664823
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		isozyme Amyl III acts on the alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkage of the inner granule and releases oligosaccharides, decomposition of granules into G2 and G3	Aspergillus awamori	-	665438
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		Tyr105 and Thr212 at outermost substrate binding subsites -6 and +4 control substrate specificity, oligosaccharide cleavage patterns, and multiple binding modes of alpha-amylase 1	Hordeum vulgare	-	665492
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		active site mobility and structure of the psychrophilic alpha-amylase, ligand binding mechanism and conformational changes, side chains involved in substrate binding are strictly conserved, overview	Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	666079
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		endo mode of action	Bacillus subtilis	-	666829
Endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides containing three or more (1->4)-alpha-linked D-glucose units		the reaction mechanism involves no typical conformational change of the flexible loop, residues 303-309, that constitutes the surface edge of the substrate binding cleft, but only a small movement of the segment from residues 304/305, conformational change of catalytic residue Asp300 upon substrate binding, flexibility of the active site depends on the substrate aglycon bound, overview	Sus scrofa	-	666839

REACTION TYPE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
hydrolysis	Acarus siro, Aleuroglyphus ovatus, Caloglyphus redickorzevi, Carpoglyphus lactis, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Tyroborus lini, Tyrophagus putrescentiae	-	-	707289
hydrolysis of O-glycosyl bond	-	-	endohydrolysis	-
O-glycosyl bond hydrolysis	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	658791

PATHWAY	KEGG Link	MetaCyc Link
starch degradation I	-	PWY-842

SYSTEMATIC NAME	IUBMB Comments
4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase	Acts on starch, glycogen and related polysaccharides and oligosaccharides in a random manner; reducing groups are liberated in the alpha-configuration. The term "alpha" relates to the initial anomeric configuration of the free sugar group released and not to the configuration of the linkage hydrolysed.

SYNONYMS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase	-	-	-	-
1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase	Bacillus mojavensis	-	-	701769
1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase	Bacillus megaterium	A7U965	-	701772
1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase	Geobacillus sp.	-	-	704058
1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase and endoamylase	Geobacillus sp.	-	-	701874
ABA	Bacillus sp.	-	-	657239
acid-stable amylase	Aspergillus niger	-	-	680956
AHA	Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	-	656528
alkaline alpha-amylase	Thermotoga maritima	-	-	663719
alkaline alpha-amylase	Bacillus sp.	-	-	682758, 694839
alkalophilic Bacillus alpha-amylase	Bacillus sp.	-	-	657239
alpha amylase	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	690510
alpha amylase	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	-	690586
alpha amylase 1	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	656632
alpha-(1,4)-D-glucan glucanohydrolase	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	P00692	-	701544
alpha-1,4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	701764, 702833
alpha-1,4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius, Anoxybacillus flavithermus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus lentus, Bacillus licheniformis, Chloroflexus aurantiacus, Desulfurococcus mucosus, Dictyoglomus thermophilum, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Halothermothrix orenii, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lipomyces kononenkoae, Pyrococcus furiosus, Pyrococcus woesei, Pyrodictium abyssi, Rhizopus sp., Rhodothermus marinus, Scytalidium thermophilum, Staphylothermus marinus, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Thermococcus aggregans, Thermococcus celer, Thermococcus fumicolans, Thermococcus guaymasensis, Thermococcus hydrothermalis, Thermococcus litoralis, Thermococcus profundus, Thermomyces lanuginosus, Thermotoga maritima, Thermus filiformis, Thielavia heterothallica	-	-	701764
alpha-1,4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase	Sus scrofa	-	-	702374
alpha-1,4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	-	702990
alpha-1,4-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase	Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	;	703649
alpha-1-4 D-glucan glucanohydrolase	Carthamus tinctorius	-	-	702987
alpha-amylase	Phlebotomus papatasi	-	-	679943
alpha-amylase	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	-	681349
alpha-amylase	Homo sapiens	-	type IX-A	693546
alpha-amylase	Sus scrofa	-	-	694610
alpha-amylase	Bacillus mojavensis	-	-	701769
alpha-amylase	Acarus siro, Aleuroglyphus ovatus, Caloglyphus redickorzevi, Carpoglyphus lactis, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Tyroborus lini, Tyrophagus putrescentiae	-	-	707289
alpha-amylase	Schwanniomyces occidentalis	-	-	707824
alpha-amylase	Streptococcus equinus	-	-	708346
alpha-amylase 1	Eleusine coracana	-	-	656951
alpha-amylase 1	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	665492
alpha-amylase 2	Eleusine coracana	-	-	656951
alpha-amylase 3	Eleusine coracana	-	-	656951
alpha-amylase Aasp	Aspergillus fumigatus	-	-	695047
alpha-amylase AI	Citrus sinensis	-	the enzyme is an endoamylase	701763
alpha-amylase AOA	Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	-	695047
Alpha-amylase carcinoid	-	-	-	-
alpha-amylase CMA	Callosobruchus maculatus	-	-	695047
alpha-amylase gt	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	-	690494
alpha-amylase HA	Homo sapiens	-	-	695047
alpha-amylase I	Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	-	664649
alpha-amylase I	Bacillus halodurans	-	-	678804
alpha-amylase II	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	664823
alpha-amylase II	Bacillus halodurans	-	-	678804
alpha-amylase PA	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	680540
alpha-amylase PPA	Sus scrofa	-	-	695047
alpha-amylase type A isozyme	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	679786
alpha-amylase type II	Bacillus sp.	-	-	704750
alpha-amylase ZSA	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	-	695047
alpha-amylases 1	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	679786
AMF-3	Morimus funereus	-	-	679338
Amy	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius, Anoxybacillus flavithermus	-	-	701764
Amy	Schwanniomyces occidentalis	-	-	707824
Amy B	Halothermothrix orenii	-	-	701764
Amy c6	-	-	-	-
Amy I	Eisenia fetida	-	-	691902
Amy II	Eisenia fetida	-	-	691902
Amy-FC1	Fusicoccum sp.	-	-	678799
AMY1	-	-	-	-
AMY1	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	655467, 656632, 664229, 665492, 679786, 680400, 692352
AMY1	Homo sapiens	P04745	-	666889
AMY1	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	-	678857
AMY1	Hordeum vulgare	-	isoenzyme	693604
AMY1	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869
AMY1	Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	703059, 717552
AMY1	Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	isozyme	703649
AMY2	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	655467, 680400
AMY2	Hordeum vulgare	-	isoenzyme	693604
AMY2	Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	isozyme	703649
Amy3	Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	isozyme	703649
AmyA	Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	-	654249
AmyA	Halothermothrix orenii	-	-	664968
AmyA	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	-	678857
AmyA	Thermotoga maritima MSB8	P96107	-	690543
AmyA	Streptococcus equinus	-	-	690597
AmyA	Thermotoga maritima	-	-	702791
AmyA	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	705097
AmyB	Halothermothrix orenii	-	-	693640
AmyB	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	exo-acting intracellular alpha-amylase that possesses distinct characteristics from typical alpha-amylases and cyclodextrin-hydrolyzing enzymes such as maltogenic amylase, cyclodextrinase, and neopullulanase	701883
AmyC	Thermotoga maritima	-	-	663719
AmyCR	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	-	681349
AmyD	Aspergillus niger	-	-	681802
AmyE	Bacillus subtilis	B8Y1H0	-	702833
AmyH	Haloarcula hispanica	-	-	664875
AmyI-1	Oryza sativa	P17654	isozyme	706217
AmyK	Bacillus sp.	-	-	682758
AmyK38	Bacillus sp.	-	-	654254
AmyL	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	717983
Amyl III	Aspergillus awamori	-	-	665438
amylase AI	Meretrix lusoria	-	-	665013
amylase AII	Meretrix lusoria	-	-	665013
amylase I	Tulipa gesneriana	-	-	656916
Amylase THC 250	-	-	-	-
amylase, alpha-	-	-	-	-
Amylopsin	-	-	-	-
AmyN26	Thermotoga maritima	-	recombinant enzyme	702791
AmyQ	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	P00692	-	703339
AmyUS100	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	variant of the most thermoactive and thermostable maltohexaose forming alpha-amylase produced in Geobacillus stearothermophilus sp. US100	691421
AmyUS100DELTAIG	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	recombinant protein	691421
AOA	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	664793
AoA1	Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	-	665271
AoA2	Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	-	665271
BAA	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	664049, 664793
BAA	Bacillus sp.	-	-	666783
Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	694986
Bactosol TK	-	-	-	-
barley alpha-amylase 1	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	692352
BGTG-1	Blattella germanica	Q2KJQ1	-	680161
BHA	Bacillus halmapalus	-	-	677361
BLA	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	654581, 664049, 664793, 694986
BLA	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	654581
BMA.2	Bacillus mojavensis	-	-	701769
BSA-2	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	664790
Bsamy-I	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	664393
BSTA	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	655906, 678567
Buclamase	-	-	-	-
Ca2+-independent alpha-amylase gt	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	-	690494
CCAP	Periplaneta americana	Q75UG5	-	664762
Clarase	-	-	-	-
Clone 103	-	-	-	-
Clone 168	-	-	-	-
Clone PHV19	-	-	-	-
Clones GRAMY56 and 963	-	-	-	-
crustacean cardioactive peptide	Periplaneta americana	Q75UG5	-	664762
diastase	-	-	-	-
endo-1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucohydrolase	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	705097
endoamylase	-	-	-	-
FORILASE NTL alpha-amylase	Aspergillus niger	-	-	681058
Fortizyme	-	-	-	-
Fungamyl 800 L	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	393373
G 995	-	-	-	-
G6-amylase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	-	-	663490
glycogenase	-	-	-	-
HAS	Homo sapiens	-	human salivary alpha-amylase	691113
HdAmyI	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	-	691914
High pI alpha-amylase	-	-	-	-
HPA	Homo sapiens	-	-	654643, 664094
HSA	Homo sapiens	-	-	663543, 663880, 664793
HSAmy	Homo sapiens	P04745	-	693670
HSAmy-ar	Homo sapiens	P04745	multiple mutant enzyme	693670
human salivary alpha-amylase	Homo sapiens	-	commercial preparation	691113
hyperthermophilic alpha-amylase	Pyrococcus woesei	-	classified in family 13 of the glucosyl hydrolase superfamily	690492
Isozyme 1B	-	-	-	-
Kleistase L 1	-	-	-	-
KRA	Bacillus sp. KR-8104	-	-	679578
LAMY	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431, 393451
liquozyme	Bacillus licheniformis	-	commercial preparation, free and immobilzed enzyme, covalently bound to calcium alginate matrix	691454
Low pI alpha-amylase	-	-	-	-
Low pI alpha-amylase	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	679786
maltohexaose-producing alpha-amylase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	-	-	663490
maltotriose-producing alpha-amylase	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	-	693602
MAmy	Musa acuminata	Q8LJQ6	-	680287
Maxamyl	-	-	-	-
Maxilase	-	-	-	-
neutral amylase	Aspergillus niger	-	-	680956
Pancreatic alpha-amylase	-	-	-	-
PFTA	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	663700
Pivozin	-	-	-	-
PPA	Sus scrofa	-	-	656528, 664793, 666839, 678567, 692652, 702374
PPA-I	Sus scrofa	-	isoform	692652
PPA-I	Sus scrofa	-	isozyme	704143
PPA-II	Sus scrofa	-	isoform	692652
PPA-II	Sus scrofa	-	isozyme	704143
Ptyalin	-	-	-	-
raw-starch-digesting alpha-amylase	Aspergillus awamori	-	-	665438
RBLA	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	664790
RBSA-1	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	664790
ScAmy43	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	-	693602
Sfamy	Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	-	718361
Spitase CP 1	-	-	-	-
SusG	Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	-	718404
TAA	-	-	-	-
TAA	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	718351
Taka-amylase A	-	-	-	-
Takatherm	-	-	-	-
Thermamyl	-	-	-	-
Thermolase	-	-	-	-
thermostable alpha-amylase	Bacillus licheniformis	-	free and immobilzed enzyme, covalently bound to calcium alginate matrix	691454
TVA II	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	664823
VAAmy1	Vigna angularis	-	-	655034
VAAmy2	Vigna angularis	-	-	655034
VrAmy	Vigna radiata	-	-	691330
ZSA	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	-	663786
Meiotic expression upregulated protein 30	-	-	-	-
additional information	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	cf. EC 3.2.1.54, cyclomaltodextrinase, the enzyme belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 13	663700
additional information	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	cf. EC 3.2.1.54, cyclomaltodextrinase	664823
additional information	Glycine max	-	the soybean alpha-amylase belongs to glycosyl hydrolase family 13	718200
additional information	Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	the enzyme belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 13, subfamily 1	718361

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER	COMMENTARY
9000-90-2	-

ORGANISM	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	SEQUENCE CODE	SEQUENCE DB	SOURCE
Acanthoscelides obtectus	bean weevil	695047	-	-
Acanthoscelides obtectus	crop pest	666844	-	-
Acanthoscelides obtectus	two isozymes AoA1 and AoA2	665271	-	-
Acarus siro	-	707289	-	-
Acinetobacter sp.	-	393406	-	-
Aleuroglyphus ovatus	-	707289	-	-
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	393406, 701764	-	-
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	ATCC 27009	393432	-	-
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	strain 104-1A; strain Agnano 101	393417	-	-
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	strain A-2	393388	-	-
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius 104-1A	strain 104-1A	393417	-	-
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius Agnano	strain Agnano 101	393417	-	-
Alkalimonas amylolytica	-	678857	Q6WUB6	SwissProt
Alternaria alternata	several strains	718152	-	-
Alternaria tenuissima	several strains	718152	-	-
Anabaena sp.	-	701869	B1VK33	UniProt
Anoxybacillus amylolyticus	strain MR3CT, DSM 15939T, ATCC BAA-872, isolated from geothermal soil located on Mount Rittmann, Antartica	695097	-	-
Anoxybacillus amylolyticus MR3CT	strain MR3CT, DSM 15939T, ATCC BAA-872, isolated from geothermal soil located on Mount Rittmann, Antartica	695097	-	-
Anoxybacillus flavithermus	-	701764	-	-
Anthonomus grandis	-	680581	-	-
Apis mellifera	-	665883, 681158	-	-
Ascaris suum	-	654030	-	-
Aspergillus awamori	-	393393, 680956	-	-
Aspergillus awamori	strain KT-11	393450	-	-
Aspergillus awamori	strain KT-11, black mold isolated from air in Indonesia, isozyme Amyl III	665438	-	-
Aspergillus awamori KT-11	strain KT-11	393450	-	-
Aspergillus flavus	var. columnaris	393371	-	-
Aspergillus fumigatus	-	695047	-	-
Aspergillus kawachii	-	680956	-	-
Aspergillus niger	-	393406, 677354, 680956, 681058, 681802	-	-
Aspergillus niger	acid-stable and acid-unstable enzyme	393366, 393440	-	-
Aspergillus niger	acid-stable enzyme	393439	-	-
Aspergillus oryzae	-	393366, 393373, 664481, 664793, 665673, 678567, 718351	-	-
Aspergillus oryzae	ATCC 76080	393459	-	-
Aspergillus oryzae	IFO 30103	665151	-	-
Aspergillus oryzae	wild-type enzyme and mutant enzymes D206E, D206N, K209F, K209R, E230D, E230Q, S297E, D297N	393424	-	-
Aspergillus sclerotiorum	-	682496	-	-
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	393406, 393424, 654220, 654581, 664049, 664793, 665673, 678567, 680534, 701764	-	-
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	701544	P00692	UniProt
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	ATCC 23842	690510	-	-
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	hybrid Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase	393428	-	-
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	isolated from soil in Turkey	666785	-	-
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	strain CICIM B2125	703339	P00692	UniProt
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	strain MTCC 610	705097	-	-
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	strain NCIM 2829	665150	-	-
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	strain SB, strain P, strain T, strain N, strain F	393441	-	-
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CICIM B2125	strain CICIM B2125	703339	P00692	UniProt
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MTCC 610	strain MTCC 610	705097	-	-
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NCIM 2829	strain NCIM 2829	665150	-	-
Bacillus caldovelox	-	393368	-	-
Bacillus cereus	strains IFO 3032 and IFO 3034	664790	-	-
Bacillus circulans	-	393403	-	-
Bacillus circulans	strain G-6	171741	-	-
Bacillus coagulans	-	393417	-	-
Bacillus coagulans	strain CUMC512	393406, 393413	-	-
Bacillus coagulans CUMC512	strain CUMC512	393406	-	-
Bacillus halmapalus	-	677361	-	-
Bacillus halodurans	strain 38C-2-1	678804	-	-
Bacillus halodurans 38C-2-1	strain 38C-2-1	678804	-	-
Bacillus lentus	-	701764	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	-	393417, 393424, 654220, 658791, 664440, 664793, 665673, 678567, 680203, 691454, 701764, 717983	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	-	393467, 654581, 664049, 694986, 717621	P06278	UniProt
Bacillus licheniformis	diverse strains, overview	664790	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	hybrid Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase	393428	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	IFO12196	680540	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	strain 44MB82	393369	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	strain ATCC 9945; strain NCIB 6346; strain NCIB 6816; strain NCIB 7224; strain NCIB 8061; strain NCIB 8537; strain NCIB 8549; strain NCIB 8874; strain NCIB 9668; strain NCTC 8233	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	strain CCM 2145	393463	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	strain CUMC305	393404, 393406, 393413	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	strain NA-14	677633	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	strain TCRDC-B13	393378	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis	wild-type; CICC 10181	690586	P06278	UniProt
Bacillus licheniformis 44MB82	strain 44MB82	393369	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 27811	-	717621	P06278	UniProt
Bacillus licheniformis CCM 2145	strain CCM 2145	393463	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis CICC 10181	wild-type; CICC 10181	690586	P06278	UniProt
Bacillus licheniformis CUMC305	strain CUMC305	393404	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis IFO12196	IFO12196	680540	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis MTCC 6598	-	717983	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NA-14	strain NA-14	677633	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 6346	strain NCIB 6346	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 6816	strain NCIB 6816	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 7224	strain NCIB 7224	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 8061	strain NCIB 8061	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 8537	strain NCIB 8537	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 8549	strain NCIB 8549	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 8874	strain NCIB 8874	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 9668	strain NCIB 9668	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis NCTC 8233	strain NCTC 8233	393412	-	-
Bacillus licheniformis TCRDC-B13	strain TCRDC-B13	393378	-	-
Bacillus megaterium	-	393406	-	-
Bacillus megaterium	strain WHO	701772	A7U965	UniProt
Bacillus megaterium WHO	strain WHO	701772	A7U965	UniProt
Bacillus mojavensis	strain A21	701769	-	-
Bacillus mojavensis A21	strain A21	701769	-	-
Bacillus sp.	-	657239, 694839, 704750, 717451, 717670, 717883	-	-
Bacillus sp.	A-40-2	393417	-	-
Bacillus sp.	isolate Ferdowsicous	704059	-	-
Bacillus sp.	isolate KSM-K38	654254	-	-
Bacillus sp.	isolate L1711, several isozymes	666783	-	-
Bacillus sp.	KSM-1378	393431, 682758	-	-
Bacillus sp.	strain 11-15	393406	-	-
Bacillus sp.	strain 11-1S	393411	-	-
Bacillus sp.	strain ANT-6	657151	-	-
Bacillus sp.	strain IMD 434	393448	-	-
Bacillus sp.	strain KSM-1378	393451	-	-
Bacillus sp.	strain TS-23	655521, 682696	-	-
Bacillus sp.	strain YX-1	678760	-	-
Bacillus sp. 11-15	strain 11-15	393406	-	-
Bacillus sp. ANT-6	strain ANT-6	657151	-	-
Bacillus sp. BKL20	-	717451	-	-
Bacillus sp. IMD 434	strain IMD 434	393448	-	-
Bacillus sp. KR-8104	-	679578	-	-
Bacillus sp. KSM-1378	KSM-1378	393431	-	-
Bacillus sp. YX-1	strain YX-1	678760	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	-	393366, 393391, 393405, 393406, 393415, 393455, 393457, 393461, 665673, 677791, 678567, 701764	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	amyE; strain KCC103	681349	A8VWC5	SwissProt
Bacillus subtilis	diverse strains, overview, isozymes RBLA, RBSA-1 and BSA-2	664790	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	Marburg strain	393416	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	strain 65	393379	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	strain AX20, isolated from soil	666829	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	strain BF768	702833	B8Y1H0	UniProt
Bacillus subtilis	strain DM-03, isolated from traditional fermented food of India	664393	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	strain DP 1, CCM 2267, CCM 2268, CCM 2744, CCM 2794, NA 64, CCM 2722, CCM 2216 and CCM 1718	393463	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	strain KCC103	677738	-	-
Bacillus subtilis	wild-type enzyme and mutant enzymes D176N, H180N, E203Q, E208Q and D269N	393424	-	-
Bacillus subtilis BF768	strain BF768	702833	B8Y1H0	UniProt
Bacillus subtilis DM-03	strain DM-03, isolated from traditional fermented food of India	664393	-	-
Bacillus subtilis DP 1	strain DP 1, CCM 2267, CCM 2268, CCM 2744, CCM 2794, NA 64, CCM 2722, CCM 2216 and CCM 1718	393463	-	-
Bacillus subtilis KCC103	amyE; strain KCC103	681349	A8VWC5	SwissProt
Bacillus subtilis KCC103	strain KCC103	677738	-	-
Bacteria	SS71	393472	-	-
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	human gut symbiont	718404	Q8A1G3	UniProt
Blattella germanica	-	680161	Q2KJQ1	SwissProt
Brevibacillus brevis	-	393374	-	-
Callosobruchus chinensis	-	393436	-	-
Callosobruchus maculatus	-	680581, 695047	-	-
Caloglyphus redickorzevi	-	707289	-	-
Calvatia gigantea	-	393407	-	-
Candida antarctica	strain CBS 6678	136189	-	-
Cardamine battagliae	-	682078	-	-
Carpoglyphus lactis	-	707289	-	-
Carthamus tinctorius	safflower	702987	-	-
Cavia porcellus	-	393475	-	-
Chaerophyllum bulbosum	tuberous-rooted chervil	663557	-	-
Chaetomium thermophilum	-	393406	-	-
Chloroflexus aurantiacus	-	701764	-	-
Chortoglyphus arcuatus	-	707289	-	-
Chromatium sp. D	strain D	393445	-	-
Citrus sinensis	cultivar Abosora	701763	-	-
Clostridium acetobutylicum	-	393417	-	-
Clostridium butyricum	strain T-7	393383	-	-
Clostridium butyricum T-7	strain T-7	393383	-	-
Corallococcus coralloides	strain D	393445	-	-
Corynebacterium striatum AX20	strain AX20, isolated from soil	666829	-	-
Cryptococcus flavus	-	655632, 717552	-	-
Cryptococcus flavus	isolate I-11	703059	-	-
Cryptococcus sp.	-	680956	-	-
Cryptococcus sp.	strain S-2	393456	-	-
Dermatophagoides farinae	-	707289	-	-
Desulfurococcus mucosus	-	701764	-	-
Dictyoglomus thermophilum	-	701764	-	-
Dioscorea dumetorum	-	393414	-	-
Drosophila melanogaster	-	393424	-	-
Eisenia fetida	earthworm	691902	-	-
Eleusine coracana	finger millet or ragi	656951	-	-
Ephestia kuehniella	flour moth	703649	-	-
Ephestia kuehniella	isozyme Amy3; flour moth	703649	B8Y698	UniProt
Escherichia coli	-	393424	-	-
Fusicoccum sp.	strain BCC4124	678799	-	-
Fusicoccum sp. BCC4124	strain BCC4124	678799	-	-
Fusidium sp.	strain BX-1	393365	-	-
Fusidium sp. BX-1	strain BX-1	393365	-	-
Gadus morhua	-	679313	-	-
Gallus gallus	-	393389	-	-
Gammarus palustris	isoenzymes Amy IW, Amy IC, Amy II.52, Amy II.55, and Amy III	393449	-	-
Geobacillus sp.	strain IIPTN, MTCC 5319	701874	-	-
Geobacillus sp.	strain LH8	704058	-	-
Geobacillus sp. IIPTN	strain IIPTN, MTCC 5319	701874	-	-
Geobacillus sp. LH8	strain LH8	704058	-	-
Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	393366, 393376, 393406, 393417, 393437, 393469, 655906, 678567, 701764	-	-
Geobacillus stearothermophilus	Donk, strain BS-1	393438	-	-
Geobacillus stearothermophilus	sp. US100	691421	P06279	Uniprot
Geobacillus stearothermophilus	strain CCM 2183	393463	-	-
Geobacillus stearothermophilus	strain JT2	678862	-	-
Geobacillus stearothermophilus	wild-type enzyme and mutant enzymes Y63C, R232K, R232W, D234G, H238D, H238N, H238Y, E264V, Y265F, Y265S, D331A, D331E, N329D, N329K, N329V	393424	-	-
Geobacillus stearothermophilus CCM 2183	strain CCM 2183	393463	-	-
Geobacillus stearothermophilus JT2	strain JT2	678862	-	-
Geobacillus thermodenitrificans	strain HRO10	665791	-	-
Geobacillus thermodenitrificans	strains HRO1 and HRO10, isolated from soil by enrichment on starch at 60�C	664491	-	-
Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	690494	-	-
Geobacillus thermoleovorans	NP 54, isolated from a water sample collected from the hot water spring of the Waimangu volcanic valley in New Zealand	695695	-	-
Geobacillus thermoleovorans	strain NP54	677634	-	-
Geobacillus thermoleovorans NP54	strain NP54	677634	-	-
Glycine max	-	718200	-	-
Glyphodes pyloalis	mulberry moth	702990	-	-
Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	strain DD1, moderately halophilic bacterium	656677	-	-
Gracilibacillus dipsosauri DD1	strain DD1, moderately halophilic bacterium	656677	-	-
Haliotis discus discus	active site residues Asp214, Glu250, and Asp315, as well as the residues making up the calcium (Asn118, Arg175, Asp184, and His218) and chloride (Arg212, Asn313, and Arg351) binding sites are fully conserved in HdAmyI; disk abalone	691914	B6RB08	UniProt
Haloarcula hispanica	gene amyH	664875	-	-
Halomonas meridiana	-	393454	-	-
Halothermothrix orenii	-	664968, 693640, 701764	-	-
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	entomopathogenic parasitic nematode, strain EGG, three isozymes	664649	-	-
Homo sapiens	-	393389, 393395, 393396, 393397, 393398, 393399, 393424, 393427, 393433, 393435, 393442, 393458, 393466, 393473, 393474, 393475, 393476, 654363, 654643, 663543, 663880, 664793, 677569, 680292, 691113, 691795, 693546, 695047, 705589	-	-
Homo sapiens	-	664094, 678337	P04746	Uniprot
Homo sapiens	-	693670	P04745	SwissProt
Homo sapiens	AMY1A; isozyme AMY1A	666889	P04745	SwissProt
Hordeum vulgare	-	393392, 393453, 393471, 664229, 678849, 693604	-	-
Hordeum vulgare	-	665492, 680400	P04063	SwissProt
Hordeum vulgare	-	679786, 680400, 692352	P00693	SwissProt
Hordeum vulgare	barley	655467, 656632	-	-
Hordeum vulgare	wild-type enzyme and mutant enzymes H93B, S180N, E205Q, H290N, D291N, W279A	393424	-	-
Humicola brevis	-	393406	-	-
Humicola grisea	-	393406	-	-
Humicola insolens	-	393406	-	-
Humicola stellata	-	393406	-	-
Hypothenemus hampei	-	680327	-	-
Klebsiella pneumoniae	-	663490	-	-
Kocuria varians	-	393465	-	-
Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	654249, 701764	-	-
Lactobacillus amylovorus	strain KCTC 3597	702827	-	-
Lactobacillus amylovorus KCTC 3597	strain KCTC 3597	702827	-	-
Lactobacillus fermentum	strain D-39	393387	-	-
Lactobacillus fermentum D-39	strain D-39	393387	-	-
Lactobacillus manihotivorans	strain LMG 18010	655358	-	-
Lactobacillus manihotivorans LMG 18010	strain LMG 18010	655358	-	-
Lactobacillus plantarum	-	701764	-	-
Lactococcus lactis	a strain belonging to the amylolytic lactic acid bacteria, plasmid encoded gene amy+	717982	-	-
Leishmania donovani S-2	strain S-2	393456	-	-
Leishmania major	sandfly, Phlebotomus papatasi, infected	393357, 393550	-	-
Lepidium sativum	-	718035	-	-
Lepidoglyphus destructor	-	707289	-	-
Lipomyces kononenkoae	-	701764	-	-
Lipomyces starkeyi	-	664980	-	-
Lipomyces starkeyi	strain CBS 1809	393269	-	-
Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	677426	-	-
Lysobacter brunescens	-	393381	-	-
Malbranchea pulchella	-	393406	-	-
Malus pumila	-	665210	-	-
Meretrix lusoria	hard clam, three isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII	665013	-	-
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii	-	655646	-	-
Micrococcus luteus	-	393464	-	-
Micromonospora vulgaris	-	393406	-	-
Morimus funereus	-	679338	-	-
Mus musculus	-	393410, 393424, 393475, 657410	-	-
Musa acuminata	AAA, cultivar nanicao	680287	Q8LJQ6	SwissProt
Myriococcum thermophilum	-	393406	-	-
Mytilus galloprovincialis	-	664659	-	-
Nocardiopsis sp.	strain 7326	681739	-	-
Nocardiopsis sp. 7326	strain 7326	681739	-	-
Oncorhynchus mykiss	-	679313	-	-
Oryza sativa	-	393452	-	-
Oryza sativa	isozyme AmyI-1; cultivar Nipponbare	706217	P17654	UniProt
Oryza sativa	L. cv. Sasanishiki	393447	-	-
Oryza sativa	two major isoenzymes: Amy1A and Amy3D	393468	-	-
Oryza sp.	-	393424	-	-
Paecilomyces sp.	-	393408	-	-
Pagrus pagrus	red porgy	664661	-	-
Penicillium brevicompactum	-	718308	-	-
Penicillium chrysogenum	-	666693	-	-
Penicillium griseofulvum	-	666697	-	-
Periplaneta americana	-	664762	Q75UG5	SwissProt
Phlebotomus papatasi	desert and oasis flies studied, male and female, Neot Hakikar (oasis), Jordan Valley spring (wet), Kfar Adumim starved (arid), Jordan Valley autumn (arid)	679943	-	-
Pichia burtonii	-	678788	-	-
Pichia burtonii	Boidin, 2 enzyme foms	393419	-	-
Pichia burtonii	strain 15-1	678813	-	-
Pisum sativum	-	393367	-	-
Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	656528	-	-
Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	a psychrophilic alpha-amylase	666079	-	-
Pseudomonas sp.	MS1	393426	-	-
Pseudomonas sp. 15-1	strain 15-1	678813	-	-
Pseudomonas sp. MS1	MS1	393426	-	-
Pyrococcus furiosus	-	393429, 701764	-	-
Pyrococcus furiosus	-	393430, 681218	O08452	Uniprot
Pyrococcus furiosus	bifunctional enzyme	663700	-	-
Pyrococcus woesei	-	701764	-	-
Pyrococcus woesei	a hyperthermophilic organism	690492	-	-
Pyrococcus woesei	DSM 3773	666304	-	-
Pyrodictium abyssi	-	701764	-	-
Rattus norvegicus	-	393386, 393434, 393475	-	-
Rhizomucor miehei	-	393406	-	-
Rhizomucor pusillus	-	393406	-	-
Rhizopus microsporus	-	393406	-	-
Rhizopus sp.	-	701764	-	-
Rhodothermus marinus	-	701764	-	-
Ruminobacter amylophilus	strain 70	393421	-	-
Ruminobacter amylophilus 70	strain 70	393421	-	-
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	-	718361	D4P4Y7	UniProt
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	ST 2	393380	-	-
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	wild-type enzyme and mutant enzymes Y83F, Y83L, Y83N, Y83W, W84F, W84L, W84Y, K210N, K210R	393424	-	-
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera KZ	-	718361	D4P4Y7	UniProt
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera ST 2	ST 2	393380	-	-
Salmo salar	-	679313	P04746	SwissProt
Schwanniomyces occidentalis	gene for alpha-amylase from Debaryomyces occidentalis was integrated into genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae	707824	-	-
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	pathogenic fungus, grown on oats flour	693602	-	-
Scytalidium lignicola A-2	strain A-2	393388	-	-
Scytalidium thermophilum	-	701764	-	-
Scytalidium thermophilum	thermophilic fungi	654300	-	-
Sitophilus zeamais	maize weevil, insecticide-susceptible, resistant no-cost, and resistant cost strains	704982	-	-
Sorghum bicolor	var. M25-1	691135	-	-
Staphylothermus marinus	-	701764	-	-
Streptococcus equinus	coexpressed in a construct in Corynebacterium glutamicum, combined with Escherichia coli K-12 lysine decarboxylase for an one-step production of cadaverine	690597	-	-
Streptococcus equinus	gene for alpha-amylase from Debaryomyces occidentalis was integrated into genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae	708346	-	-
Streptomyces gulbargensis	DAS 131, alkali-thermotolerant strain	693478	-	-
Streptomyces gulbargensis DAS 131	DAS 131, alkali-thermotolerant strain	693478	-	-
Streptomyces hygroscopicus	-	393384, 393424	-	-
Streptomyces limosus	-	393370	-	-
Streptomyces megasporus	strain SD12	393446	-	-
Streptomyces megasporus SD12	strain SD12	393446	-	-
Streptomyces sp. 65	strain 65	393379	-	-
Streptomyces venezuelae	ATCC 15068	393372	-	-
Strongylocentrotus nudus	-	393444	-	-
Struthio camelus	-	393462	-	-
Sus scrofa	-	393377, 393389, 393424, 656528, 664793, 665673, 666544, 678567, 682444, 691647, 692652, 694610, 704143	-	-
Sus scrofa	-	666839, 695047, 702374	P00690	Uniprot
Sus scrofa	2 isoenzymes AI and AII	393418	-	-
Sus scrofa	commercial preparation	692595	-	-
Sus scrofa	hog	393443	-	-
Talaromyces emersonii	strain CBS 814.70	393375	-	-
Talaromyces thermophilus	-	393406	-	-
Tecia solanivora	-	691567	-	-
Tenebrio molitor	-	393389, 393422, 393423, 682764	-	-
Thermoactinomyces sp.	strain No. 15	393394	-	-
Thermoactinomyces sp. No. 15	strain No. 15	393394	-	-
Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	393400, 393401, 393406, 678567, 701764	-	-
Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	strain R-47	393402, 664823	-	-
Thermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus	strain E 101-69	136410	-	-
Thermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus E 101-69	strain E 101-69	136410	-	-
Thermoascus aurantiacus	-	393406	-	-
Thermoascus crustaceus	-	393406	-	-
Thermobifida fusca	isolated from compost soils collected in Taiwan	717948, 717949	Q1KLC8	UniProt
Thermobifida fusca NTU22	isolated from compost soils collected in Taiwan	717948	Q1KLC8	UniProt
Thermococcus aggregans	-	701764	-	-
Thermococcus celer	-	701764	-	-
Thermococcus fumicolans	-	701764	-	-
Thermococcus guaymasensis	-	701764	-	-
Thermococcus hydrothermalis	-	701764	-	-
Thermococcus litoralis	-	701764	-	-
Thermococcus profundus	-	701764	-	-
Thermococcus sp.	strain HJ21, extremely thermophilic anaerobic archaeon	690582	-	-
Thermococcus sp. HJ21	strain HJ21, extremely thermophilic anaerobic archaeon	690582	-	-
Thermomonospora curvata	-	393406, 393417, 393420	-	-
Thermomonospora viridis	-	393406	-	-
Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	393406, 393425	-	-
Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	393406, 393460, 701764	-	-
Thermomyces lanuginosus	strain ATCC 34626	655083	-	-
Thermomyces lanuginosus	strain IISc91	393470	-	-
Thermomyces lanuginosus IISc91	strain IISc91	393470	-	-
Thermotoga maritima	-	701764	-	-
Thermotoga maritima	strain DSM 3109	702791	-	-
Thermotoga maritima	strain MSB8, gene amyC or tm1438	663719	-	-
Thermotoga maritima MSB8	DSM 3109, hyperthermophilic bacterium	690543	P96107	Uniprot
Thermotoga neapolitana	strain 41025	701883	B5ARZ9	UniProt
Thermotoga neapolitana 41025	strain 41025	701883	B5ARZ9	UniProt
Thermus filiformis	-	701764	-	-
Thielavia heterothallica	-	701764	-	-
Torula thermophila	-	393406	-	-
Tribolium castaneum	-	677355, 678765	-	-
Tribolium confusum	-	679312	-	-
Triticum aestivum	-	393424	-	-
Triticum aestivum	cv. Yangmai 158	666677	-	-
Tulipa gesneriana	L. cv. Apeldoorn	656916	-	-
Tyroborus lini	-	707289	-	-
Tyrophagus putrescentiae	-	707289	-	-
Vibrio sp.	marine	664782	-	-
Vigna angularis	azuki bean	655034	-	-
Vigna radiata	-	393424, 682295, 691330	-	-
Xanthomonas campestris	-	393424	-	-
Xanthomonas campestris	a Gram-negative bacterium. alpha-Amylase production is highly dependent on starch availability and is supressed in the presence of glucose or other reducing sugars whereas the transformed Xanthomonas expressing the hyperthermophilic alpha-amylase from Pyrococcus woesei produces similar levels of recombinant alpha-amylase activity, regardless of the carbon source present in growth medium	690492	-	-
Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	682444, 695047	-	-
Zabrotes subfasciatus	crop pest	666844	-	-
Zabrotes subfasciatus	Mexican bean weevil	663786	-	-

GENERAL INFORMATION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
physiological function	Bacillus licheniformis	-	alpha-amylases catalyze the hydrolysis of internal alpha-D-(1,4)-glucosidic linkages in starch, glycogen, and related oligo- and polysaccharides to produce maltodextrins, maltooligosaccharides, and glucose	717983
physiological function	Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	SusG is the alpha-amylase expressed concomitantly with Sus-CDEF on the outer surface of the cell and is absolutely required for growth on starch	718404
evolution	Lactococcus lactis	-	hypothesis of horizontal gene transfer	717982
additional information	Aspergillus oryzae	-	enzyme modification using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride in the presence of a nucleophile, AME, to activate the carboxyl groups of the enzyme, comparisons in anion and cation exchange chromatographies and by native PAGE, overview. The modifications project into the bulk solvent. The enhanced thermostability leads to increased productivity	718351
additional information	Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	determination of the structure of carbohydrate binding CBM58-binding site, the active site, and the surface starch-binding site, directly adjacent to the reducing end of the active site	718404

SUBSTRATE	PRODUCT	REACTION DIAGRAM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY/ Substrate	LITERATURE/ Substrate	COMMENTARY/ Product	LITERATURE/ Product	Reversibility r=reversible ir=irreversible ?=not specified
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-alpha-D-galactopyranoside + H2O	2-chloro-4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-alpha-D-galactopyranose		Homo sapiens	-	-	691113	the increase of absorbance of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol liberated by HSA is measured continuously at 400 nm	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltoheptaoside + H2O	2-chloro-4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-maltoheptaose		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	664229	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltotrioside + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	P04746	-	664094	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltotrioside + H2O	2-chloro-4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-maltotriose		Bacillus sp.	-	-	704750	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-maltotrioside + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	-	-	678337	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O	2-chloro-4-nitrophenol + ?		Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 6.8, 30�C	692352	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside + H2O	?		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	393453	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside + H2O	?		Hordeum vulgare	P00693	-	679786	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside + H2O	2-chloro-4-nitrophenol + beta-D-maltoheptaose		Hordeum vulgare	P04063	-	665492	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-maltoside + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	-	-	663880	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltotrioside + H2O	2-chloro-4-nitrophenol + maltotriose		Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	-	656677	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltotrioside + H2O	2-chloro-4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-alpha-D-glucopyranose		Homo sapiens	-	commercial substrate for a flourescence-based assay, pH 7.0	691795	-	-	?
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-maltotrioside + H2O	2-chloro-4-nitrophenol + alpha-maltotrioside		Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus awamori	-	acid-stable amylase and common neutral amylase can degrade the substrate at pH 5.4 to release 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol. In presence of 500 mM KSCN the reaction rate of common neutral amylase increases markedly whereas the reaction rate of acid-stable amylase decreases	680956	-	-	?
4,6-ethylidene-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside + H2O	p-nitrophenol + 4,6-ethyliden-[G7]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside		Apis mellifera	-	hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages	665883	-	-	?
4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside + H2O	p-nitrophenol + 4,6-ethyliden-[G7]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	656632	-	-	?
4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside + H2O	p-nitrophenol + 4,6-ethyliden-[G7]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside		Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	-	690586	-	-	-
4,6-O-benzylidene 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside + H2O	4,6-O-benzylidene 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltosides		Vigna angularis	-	-	655034	-	-	?
4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltohexaoside + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltopentaoside + H2O	4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-maltopentaose		Sus scrofa	-	-	666544	-	-	?
4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltoside + H2O	4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-maltose		Sus scrofa	P00690	4-nitrophenol is bound at the ative site	666839	-	-	?
4-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside + H2O	maltotriose + maltotetraose + 4-nitrophenyl maltotetraoside + 4-nitrophenyl maltotrioside		Homo sapiens	-	-	393397	-	393397	?
4-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside + H2O	4-nitrophenol + maltoheptaoside		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	-	-	?
4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside-4,6-O-ethylidene + H2O	4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-maltoheptaoside-4,6-O-ethylidene		Sus scrofa, Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	-	656528	-	-	?
4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltopentaoside + H2O	4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-maltopentaoside		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	663700	-	-	?
4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltopentaoside + H2O	4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-maltopentaose		Phlebotomus papatasi	-	activity measured in total fly homogenates, substrate concentration of 2.2 mM in HEPES buffer, enzyme activity preferentially required for degrading starch components of plant tissue	679943	-	-	?
4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoside + H2O	4-nitrophenol + maltose		Sus scrofa	-	-	704143	-	-	?
acarbose + H2O	?		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	the substrate is a potent inhibitor of alpha-amylases, cyclomaltodextrinase activity	663700	-	-	?
alpha-1,4-glucan + H2O	fragments of alpha-1,4-glucan		Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	655906	-	-	?
alpha-cyclodextrin + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	92% of activity with soluble starch	654249	-	-	?
alpha-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	weak activity	678813	-	-	?
alpha-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	cyclomaltodextrinase activity	663700	-	-	?
alpha-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	9.2% of the activity with soluble starch	677634	-	-	?
alpha-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Halothermothrix orenii	-	1.1% relative activity compared to amylose as substrate, pH 8.0. 65�C	693640	-	-	?
alpha-maltosyl fluoride + H2O	maltose + fluoride		Homo sapiens	-	-	654643	-	-	?
alpha-maltotriosyl fluoride + H2O	maltotriose + fluoride		Homo sapiens	-	-	654643	-	-	?
alpha-maltotriosyl fluoride + H2O	maltotriose + fluoride		Homo sapiens	P04746	-	664094	-	-	?
amylase + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	717552	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	-	718404	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	-	718361	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Ascaris suum	-	intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	654030	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Meretrix lusoria	-	isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, good substrate	665013	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Bacillus halodurans	-	121% of the activity with soluble starch	678804	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Vigna radiata	-	53.8% of the activity with starch	682295	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Aspergillus niger	-	66% of the activity with potato starch, AmyD	681802	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	66.1% of the activity with soluble starch	677634	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	69% of the activity with soluble starch	678857	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	95% of the activity with soluble starch	678788	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Halothermothrix orenii	-	74.6% relative activity compared to amylose as substrate, pH 8.0. 65�C	693640	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	86% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	fragments of amylopectin		Tulipa gesneriana	-	-	656916	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	fragments of amylopectin		Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	90% of activity with starch	655358	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	137% of activity with soluble starch	654249	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	55% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	from potato, 74% of activity with soluble starch	654254	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632	main products	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	-	664649	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	73% activity compared to corn starch	701763	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	78% activity compared to starch	704059	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	D-glucose + ?		Dermatophagoides farinae, Tyroborus lini, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Aleuroglyphus ovatus, Acarus siro, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Carpoglyphus lactis, Caloglyphus redickorzevi, Lepidoglyphus destructor	-	assay at 37�C	707289	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393400	-	-	-
amylose + H2O	?		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	717552	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	-	718404	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	-	718361	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Ascaris suum	-	intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	654030	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Meretrix lusoria	-	isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, moderate activity	665013	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Aspergillus niger	-	101% of the activity with potato starch, AmyD	681802	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	137% of the activity with soluble starch	678788	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Bacillus halodurans	-	30% of the activity with soluble starch	678804	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	61% of the activity with soluble starch	678857	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	with potato amylose as substrate, the enzyme displays a high degree of multiple attack (the number of bonds broken during the lifetime of an enzyme-substrate complex minus one). The level of multiple attack decreases when temperature is raised	678567	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Sus scrofa	-	with potato amylose as substrate, the enzyme displays a high degree of multiple attack (the number of bonds broken during the lifetime of an enzyme-substrate complex minus one). The level of multiple attack increases when temperature is raised	678567	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Aspergillus oryzae	-	with potato amylose as substrate, the enzyme displays a low degree of multiple attack (the number of bonds broken during the lifetime of an enzyme-substrate complex minus one). The level of multiple attack increases when temperature is raised	678567	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	with potato amylose as substrate, the enzyme displays an intermediate degree of multiple attack (the number of bonds broken during the lifetime of an enzyme-substrate complex minus one). The level of multiple attack increases when temperature is raised	678567	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Halothermothrix orenii	-	100% relative activity as reference for substrate specificity studies, pH 8.0. 65�C	693640	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	120% relative enzyme activity compared to reaction with soluble starch as substrate, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Hordeum vulgare	-	amylose DP440, pH 6.8, 30�C	692352	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	fragments of amylose		Methanocaldococcus jannaschii	-	-	655646	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	fragments of amylose		Tulipa gesneriana	-	-	656916	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	fragments of amylose		Vigna angularis	-	-	655034	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	fragments of amylose		Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	1.6times higher activity than with starch	655358	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	655467	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	65% of activity with soluble starch	654254	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	69% of activity with soluble starch	654249	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	73% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	maltotriose + maltotetraose + maltopentaose		Scytalidium thermophilum	-	approx. 10% of activity with starch	654300	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632	main products	-	?
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Homo sapiens	-	-	663880	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	664229	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	preferred substrate	664649	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Homo sapiens, Sus scrofa, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aspergillus oryzae	-	soluble substrate	664793	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	amylose DP440 and amylose DP17	664229	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Homo sapiens, Sus scrofa, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aspergillus oryzae	-	soluble substrate, hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-linkages	664793	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	145% activity compared to starch, the enzyme activity on the amylose as substrate is 1.98times greater than amylopectin	704059	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus mojavensis	-	78% activity compared to potato starch	701769	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	D-glucose + maltose + maltotriose + maltodextrins		Thermotoga maritima	-	best substrate for AmyC, hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages	663719	small amount of longer maltodextrins, degradation process via malto-oligosaccharides	-	?
amylose + H2O	oligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	P04063	amylose DP17, preferred substrate of mutant enzyme T212Y	665492	-	-	?
amylose DP440 + H2O	?		Hordeum vulgare	P00693	-	679786	-	-	?
beta-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Fusicoccum sp.	-	-	678799	-	-	?
beta-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	-	678813	-	-	?
beta-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	-	718361	-	-	?
beta-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Hordeum vulgare	-	insight into the action of alpha-amylase at the molecular level	680400	-	-	?
beta-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Halothermothrix orenii	-	3.7% relative activity compared to amylose as substrate, pH 8.0. 65�C	693640	-	-	?
beta-cyclodextrin + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	27% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
beta-cyclodextrin + H2O	panose + maltoheptaose		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	cyclomaltodextrinase activity	663700	-	-	?
beta-limit dextrin + H2O	?		Pisum sativum	-	-	393367	-	-	?
beta-limit dextrin + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	-	718361	-	-	?
beta-limit dextrin + H2O	fragments of beta-limit dextrin		Tulipa gesneriana	-	-	656916	-	-	?
beta-limit-dextrin + H2O	D-glucose + maltose + maltotriose + maltodextrins		Thermotoga maritima	-	28% of the activity with amylose, hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages	663719	small amount of longer maltodextrins, degradation process via malto-oligosaccharides	-	?
cassava starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	129% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-	?
corn flour + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	58% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-	?
corn starch + H2O	?		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	62% relative enzyme activity compared to reaction with soluble starch as substrate, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	-	-	?
corn starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	107% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-	?
corn starch + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	boiled starch	718361	-	-	?
corn starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	100% activity	701763	-	-	?
corn starch + H2O	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose		Bacillus mojavensis	-	64% activity compared to potato starch	701769	major end-products of starch hydrolysis	-	?
cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Bacillus sp.	-	-	393448	-	-	?
cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Aspergillus awamori	-	-	393450	-	-	?
cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	-	-	?
cyclodextrin + H2O	panose + maltoheptaose		Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	cyclomaltodextrinase activity, hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages	664823	-	-	?
cyclomaltohexaose + H2O	?		Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	393426	-	-	?
dextrin + H2O	?		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	-	-	?
dextrin + H2O	fragments of dextrin		Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	7% of activity with starch	655358	-	-	?
dextrin + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	27% of activity with soluble starch	654254	-	-	?
dextrin + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	67% activity compared to corn starch	701763	-	-	?
gamma-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	-	-	-
gamma-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Fusicoccum sp.	-	-	678799	-	-	?
gamma-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	-	678813	-	-	?
gamma-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	-	718361	-	-	?
gamma-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	cyclomaltodextrinase activity	663700	-	-	?
gamma-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Meretrix lusoria	-	lower activity with isozyme AI-2, no activity with isozymes AI-1 and AII	665013	-	-	?
gamma-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	21% of the activity with soluble starch	678788	-	-	?
gamma-cyclodextrin + H2O	?		Halothermothrix orenii	-	2.6% relative activity compared to amylose as substrate, pH 8.0. 65�C	693640	-	-	?
gelatinized starch + H2O	maltotetraose + maltopentaose + maltohexaose		Bacillus subtilis	-	isozyme RBLA prefers gelatinized starch	664790	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Pyrococcus furiosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Rhodothermus marinus, Pyrococcus woesei, Thermotoga maritima, Bacillus lentus, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Rhizopus sp., Thermomyces lanuginosus, Thermococcus litoralis, Thielavia heterothallica, Chloroflexus aurantiacus, Thermus filiformis, Scytalidium thermophilum, Lipomyces kononenkoae, Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius, Dictyoglomus thermophilum, Thermococcus hydrothermalis, Anoxybacillus flavithermus, Thermococcus profundus, Pyrodictium abyssi, Thermococcus fumicolans, Staphylothermus marinus, Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	-	701764	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	717552	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Halothermothrix orenii, Desulfurococcus mucosus, Thermococcus aggregans, Thermococcus celer, Thermococcus guaymasensis	-	-	701764	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Ascaris suum	-	glycogen from Ascaris suum, intestine and muscle alpha-amylase, glycogen from rabbit or Ascaris suum, intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	654030	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Meretrix lusoria	-	isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, good substrate	665013	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Bacillus halodurans	-	104% of the activity with soluble starch	678804	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Aspergillus niger	-	3.6% of the activity with potato starch, AmyD	681802	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	32% of the activity with soluble starch	678857	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	maltotriose + maltotetraose + maltopentaose		Scytalidium thermophilum	-	approx. 10% of activity with starch	654300	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	fragments of glycogen		Tulipa gesneriana	-	29% of activity with starch	656916	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	fragments of glycogen		Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	7% of activity with starch	655358	-	-	-
glycogen + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	69% of activity with soluble starch	654249	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	from bovine muscle, 58% of activity with soluble starch	654254	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Sus scrofa	-	-	702374	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	-	664649	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Glyphodes pyloalis	-	-	702990	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	substrate from oyster	664649	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	81% activity compared to corn starch	701763	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	14% activity compared to starch	704059	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	maltose		Mytilus galloprovincialis	-	-	664659	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	maltose		Pyrococcus woesei	-	49.5% of the activity with starch	666304	main product	-	?
glycogen + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632	main products	-	?
glycogen starch + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632	-	-	?
insoluble Blue Starch + H2O	?		Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C	692352	-	-	?
isomaltose + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	23% of the activity with soluble starch	678788	-	-	?
laminarin + H2O	?		Meretrix lusoria	-	lower activity with isozyme AI-1, low activity with isozymes AI-2 and AII	665013	-	-	?
malto-oligosaccharides + H2O	maltose		Homo sapiens	-	hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages	663543	-	-	?
maltodextran + H2O	?		Pyrococcus furiosus	O08452	-	393430	-	-	?
maltodextran + H2O	?		Bacillus sp.	-	no activity	393431	-	-	-
maltodextrin + H2O	?		Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	393376	-	-	?
maltodextrin + H2O	?		Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431, 393451	-	-	?
maltodextrin + H2O	?		Pyrococcus furiosus	O08452	white dextrin	393430	-	-	?
maltodextrin + H2O	?		Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	60% of the activity with amylose	393421	-	-	?
maltodextrin + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	655467	-	-	?
maltodextrin + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	100% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
maltodextrin + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	85% activity compared to starch	704059	-	-	?
maltodextrin G5 + H2O	maltodextrin G2 + maltodextrin G3		Lipomyces starkeyi	-	-	664980	-	-	?
maltodextrin G6 + H2O	maltodextrin G2 + maltodextrin G4		Lipomyces starkeyi	-	-	664980	-	-	?
maltodextrin G6 + H2O	maltodextrin G3		Lipomyces starkeyi	-	-	664980	-	-	?
maltodextrin G7 + H2O	maltodextrin G3 + maltodextrin G4		Lipomyces starkeyi	-	-	664980	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	-	718361	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotetraose + maltotriose + maltose		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	655467	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotetraose + maltotriose + maltose		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	43% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	glucose + maltose + maltotriose		Fusicoccum sp.	-	-	678799	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	maltotriose + maltose + D-glucose		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	693604	identified by thin-layer-chromatography	-	?
maltoheptaoside + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	P04745	all mutants possess the ability to hydrolyze heptasaccharide substrates and generate a similar product profile like the wild-type enzyme. The three mutants W203A, W284A, HSAmy-ar generate less products. They require higher enzyme concentration (600 nM vs. 60 nM for HSAmy and the other mutants) and more time (5 min vs. 2 min) 25�C, pH 6.9	693670	-	-	?
maltohexaitol + H2O	maltotriose + maltotriitol		Strongylocentrotus nudus	-	-	393444	-	-	?
maltohexaose + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	-	678813	-	-	?
maltohexaose + H2O	maltopentaose + maltotetraose + maltotriose + maltose		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	45% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
maltohexaose + H2O	glucose + maltose + maltotriose		Fusicoccum sp.	-	-	678799	-	-	?
maltohexaose + H2O	maltotetraose + maltotriose + maltose + D-glucose		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	693604	identified by thin-layer-chromatography	-	?
maltooctaose + H2O	?		Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431	-	-	?
maltooligosaccharides + H2O	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotetraose + maltotriose + maltose		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	11% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
maltooligosaccharides + H2O	maltotriose + maltotetraose		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	alpha-amylase activity	663700	main products	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	-	678813	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	?		Meretrix lusoria	-	isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, low activity	665013	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	maltotetraose + maltotriose + maltose		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	26% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	malto-oligomers + maltose		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	preferred substrate	666785	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	glucose + maltose + maltotriose		Fusicoccum sp.	-	-	678799	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	maltotetraose + maltotriose + maltose + D-glucose		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	693604	identified by thin-layer-chromatography	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
maltopentaoside + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	P04745	all mutants possess the ability to hydrolyze pentasaccharide substrates and generate a similar product profile like the wild-type enzyme. The three mutants W203A, W284A, HSAmy-ar generate less products. They require higher enzyme concentration (600 nM vs. 60 nM for HSAmy and the other mutants) and more time (5 min vs. 2 min) 25�C, pH 6.9	693670	-	-	?
maltose + H2O	D-glucose		Pichia burtonii	-	weak activity	678813	-	-	?
maltose + H2O	D-glucose		Vigna radiata	-	18% of the activity with starch	682295	-	-	?
maltose + H2O	?		Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	-	-	-
maltose + H2O	D-glucose + D-glucose		Sus scrofa	-	-	694610	-	-	?
maltose + H2O	D-glucose + ?		Dermatophagoides farinae, Tyroborus lini, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Aleuroglyphus ovatus, Acarus siro, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Carpoglyphus lactis, Caloglyphus redickorzevi, Lepidoglyphus destructor	-	assat at 37�C	707289	-	-	?
maltosyl fluoride + H2O	maltose + fluoride		Homo sapiens	P04746	-	664094	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	?		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	705097	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	-	678813	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	?		Meretrix lusoria	-	isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, low activity	665013	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	maltotriose + maltose		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	693604	identified by thin-layer-chromatography	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	maltotriose + maltose		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	46% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	glucose + maltose + maltotriose		Fusicoccum sp.	-	-	678799	-	-	?
maltothexaose + H2O	maltose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
maltotriose	maltose + glucose + maltotetraose + maltopentaose + maltohexaose		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	the final optimum also mirrors the reverse reaction	393429	-	393429	r
maltotriose + H2O	?		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	very low activity	663700	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	low activity	678813	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	?		Meretrix lusoria	-	lower activity with isozyme AII, no activity with isozymes AI-1 and AI-2	665013	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393379	-	393379	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	393429	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	393426	-	393426	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Bacillus sp.	-	-	393448	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	393459	-	393459	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393400	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Fusicoccum sp.	-	-	678799	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Bacillus sp.	-	no activity	393431	-	-	-
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + glucose		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	no activity	393460	-	-	-
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Thermotoga maritima	-	hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages	663719	-	-	?
maltotriose + H2O	maltose		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	693604	identified by thin-layer-chromatography	-	?
oyster glycogen + H2O	?		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	-	-	?
p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltoside + H2O	p-nitrophenol + maltose		Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393379	-	393379	?
p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltoside + H2O	p-nitrophenol + maltose		Bacillus sp.	-	-	393448	-	393448	?
p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltoside + H2O	p-nitrophenol + maltose		Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	-	393388	-	393388	?
p-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside + H2O	?		Hordeum vulgare	-	a maximum of substrate cleavage was identified at 152 MPa and 64�C, yielding approximately 25% higher substrate conversion after 30 min, as compared to the maximum at ambient pressure and 59�C	678849	-	-	?
p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltopentaoside + H2O	?		Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393428	-	-	?
p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltopentaoside + H2O	?		Leishmania major	-	-	393357, 393550	-	-	?
p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltopentaoside + H2O	?		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	poor substrate, good substrate	393428	-	-	?
p-nitrophenyldi[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O	p-nitrophenol + p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyldi[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyltri[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside		Ascaris suum	-	-	654030	intestine alpha-amylase	-	?
p-nitrophenyldi[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O	p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyldi[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyltri[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside		Ascaris suum	-	-	654030	muscle alpha-amylase	-	?
p-nitrophenylhexa[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	-	-	654363	-	-	?
p-nitrophenylhexa[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O	p-nitrophenol + p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyldi[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyltri[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyltetra[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside		Ascaris suum	-	-	654030	intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	-	?
p-nitrophenylhexa[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O	p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + D-glucose		Vigna angularis	-	-	655034	predominant product, no p-nitrophenol detected	-	?
p-nitrophenylhexa[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O	p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyldi[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyltri[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + p-nitrophenyltetra[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside		Ascaris suum	-	-	654030	muscle alpha-amylase	-	?
p-nitrophenylpenta[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-galactopyranoside	?		Mus musculus	-	-	657410	-	-	?
potato soluble starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	100% activity	701874	-	-	?
potato starch + H2O	?		Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	691454	-	-	?
potato starch + H2O	?		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	95% relative enzyme activity compared to reaction with soluble starch as substrate, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	-	-	?
potato starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Geobacillus sp.	-	-	704058	-	-	?
potato starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	potato starch has low affinity toward alpha-amylase AI (12% activity compared to corn starch)	701763	-	-	?
potato starch + H2O	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose		Bacillus mojavensis	-	100% activity	701769	major end-products of starch hydrolysis	-	?
pullulan + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	-	678813	-	-	?
pullulan + H2O	?		Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	-	718404	-	-	?
pullulan + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	-	718361	-	-	?
pullulan + H2O	?		Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	41.1% of the activity with soluble starch	677634	-	-	?
pullulan + H2O	?		Halothermothrix orenii	-	2.5% relative activity compared to amylose as substrate, pH 8.0. 65�C	693640	-	-	?
pullulan + H2O	panose		Thermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus	-	-	136410	-	-	-
pullulan + H2O	panose		Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393406	-	-	-
pullulan + H2O	panose		Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393400, 393402	-	-	?
pullulan + H2O	panose		Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	-	393432	-	-	?
pullulan + H2O	panose		Thermomonospora viridis	-	-	393406	-	-	-
pullulan + H2O	panose		Bacillus sp.	-	no activity	393431	-	-	-
pullulan + H2O	panose		Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	the enzyme can attack some of the (1, 6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in partial hydrolyzates of pullulan	393401	-	-	?
pullulan + H2O	panose		Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	cyclomaltodextrinase activity, hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages	664823	-	-	?
pullulan + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632	main products	-	?
pullulan + H2O	panose + maltoheptaose		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	cyclomaltodextrinase activity	663700	-	-	?
rabbit glycogen + H2O	?		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	-	-	?
raw sago starch + H2O	?		Thermobifida fusca	Q1KLC8	high level of activity	717948	-	-	?
raw sago starch + H2O	?		Thermobifida fusca	-	high level of activity	717949	-	-	?
raw starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	raw starch from corn, 20% of activity with soluble starch	654249	-	-	?
raw starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	-	isozymes RBSA-1 and BSA-2, raw starch from corn and potato, the latter is preferred	664790	-	-	?
raw starch + H2O	?		Bacillus sp.	-	-	717883	-	-	?
raw starch + H2O	?		Penicillium brevicompactum	-	the fungal enzyme shows high activity on raw starch	718308	-	-	?
raw starch + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	the recombinant enzyme shows low degradation of raw starch in a concentration-dependent manner	718361	-	-	?
Remazol Brilliant Blue dyed starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	-	703649	-	-	?
Remazol Brilliant Blue-dyed starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	-	703649	-	-	?
rice starch + H2O	?		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	43% relative enzyme activity compared to reaction with soluble starch as substrate, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	-	-	?
rice starch + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	boiled starch	718361	-	-	?
soluble potato starch + H2O	maltotriose + maltose + maltotetraose		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	major products of the enzymatic reaction with starch as substrate	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	678862	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Aspergillus niger	-	-	681058	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	681218	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Bacillus sp.	-	-	682696, 717883	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Apis mellifera	-	-	681158	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	680534	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Bacillus halodurans	-	-	678804	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	-	678788	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	-	677634	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	717552	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	-	678857	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Bacillus sp. KR-8104	-	-	679578	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	-	718361	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Aspergillus sclerotiorum	-	97.5% hydrolysis of soluble starch by soluble enzyme, 92.2% hydrolysis of soluble starch by the enzyme immobilized in calcium alginate breads	682496	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Bacillus licheniformis	-	alpha-amylase PA	680540	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Fusicoccum sp.	-	maltose, maltotriose, and maltotetraose are the major products from starch hydrolysis but prolonged reaction leads to the production of glucose, maltose, and maltotriose	678799	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	?		Thermococcus sp.	-	pH 5.0, 95�C	690582	varying amounts of maltooligosaccharides, depending on reaction time	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	glucose + maltose + maltotriose		Nocardiopsis sp.	-	-	681739	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	-	endolytic activity. Small maltooligosaccharides (D2-D4) are formed more predominantly than larger maltooligosaccharides (D5-D7)	677738	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	maltose		Morimus funereus	-	maximal activity is achieved with horse-radish starch, undetectable activity towards potato starch	679338	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	alpha-maltose		Sorghum bicolor	-	-	691135	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	B8Y1H0	-	702833	-	-	?
soluble starch + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Lactococcus lactis	-	-	717982	products of amylolytic attack are mixed oligosaccharides including mainly maltose and maltotriose	-	?
starch + butanol	butylglucoside + alpha-D-glucose		Thermotoga maritima MSB8	P96107	-	690543	butylglucoside: wild-type ca. 4.5 mg/ml, mutant H222Q ca. 6.5 mg/ml, mutant H222E ca. 3.5 mg/ml, mutant H222D ca. 5.5 mg/mk, identified and analyzed by thin-layer-chromatography and HPLC	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	-	-	695047	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Sus scrofa	-	-	694610	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	693604	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Vigna radiata	-	-	682295	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	677633	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	665151	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Pyrococcus woesei	-	-	690492	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Aspergillus fumigatus	-	-	695047	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Tribolium castaneum	-	-	678765	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Alternaria alternata, Alternaria tenuissima	-	-	718152	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	-	678813	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Malus pumila	-	-	665210	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	-	690586	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Ascaris suum	-	intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	654030	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Meretrix lusoria	-	soluble starch, best substrate for isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII	665013	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	-	salivary alpha-amylase digests a portion of ingested starch in the stomach before it enters the intestine and is exposed to pancreatic amylase. A role of salivary alpha-amylase is bacterial clearance from the mouth and prevention of bacterial attachment to oral surfaces	677569	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Musa acuminata	Q8LJQ6	endoglycolytic activity	680287	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	rice starch, starch of pearl millet, corn starch, potato starch, wheat starch	677634	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Bacillus sp.	-	strong digesting ability towards various raw starches. The degradation rates of corn, wheat and potato starch granules at 1% concentration are 57.5%, 53%, 45.1% at 8 h and 63.2%, 56.4%, 48.6% at 12 h, respectively. Efficiently hydrolyzes raw corn starch at a concentration of 20% and pH 5.0	678760	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	the optimum starch concentration for the enzyme production is 32 g/l. Higher concentrations show substrate inhibition	677426	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	P04745	25�C, pH 6.9	693670	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Tecia solanivora	-	50�C, pH 6.0 or 9.0	691567	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Sus scrofa	-	inhibition studies using extract of different medicinal plants, pH 6.9	692595	absorbance of reaction products are measured at 540 nm	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Vigna radiata	-	pH 5.5, 55�C	691330	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Sus scrofa, Zabrotes subfasciatus, Acanthoscelides obtectus, Callosobruchus maculatus	-	pH 6.5, 37�C	695047	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	pH 6.5, 50�C	691914	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	-	potato starch, pH 6.0, room temperature	693546	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	soluble starch as substrate	690494	the liberated reducing sugars are determined using dinitrosalicylic acid reagent	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	soluble starch as substrate, pH 5.0, 50�C, 100% relative enzyme activity	690510	the liberated reducing sugars (glucose equivalents) are estimated by the dinitrosalicylic acid method	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Bacillus licheniformis	-	soluble starch, 2000000 Dalton, only soluble at temperatures close to 100�C, in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, assay at 37�C	694986	-	-	?
starch + H2O	?		Halothermothrix orenii	-	soluble starch, 93.9% relative activity compared to amylose as substrate, pH 8.0, 65�C	693640	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltohexaose		Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	-	691421	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltose		Pyrococcus woesei	-	preferred substrate	666304	main product	-	?
starch + H2O	maltotriose		Aspergillus niger	-	AmyD produces mainly maltotriose	681802	-	-	?
starch + H2O	glucooligosaccharide		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	-	high enzyme production during stationary phase of growth, lack of catabolite repression	393380	-	-	-
starch + H2O	glucooligosaccharide		Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	enzyme production is induced by 2% starch or solid CaCO3	393406	-	-	-
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Mus musculus	-	-	657410	-	-	?
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Homo sapiens	-	-	654363	-	-	?
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Bacillus sp.	-	-	655521, 657151, 657239	-	-	?
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	654220	-	-	?
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Eleusine coracana	-	-	656951	-	-	?
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Tulipa gesneriana	-	-	656916	-	-	?
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	-	655358	-	-	?
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	-	656677	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Homo sapiens	-	-	654643	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	656632	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	654581	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	-	656528	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	soluble starch from potato	654249	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	alpha-amylase activity, preferred substrate, hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages	664823	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	synthesis of alpha-amylase not catabolite-repressed by glucose in strain KCC103, difference to other Bacillus species, endolytic activity by forming maltooligosaccharides on hydrolysis of soluble starch, similar product profiles at pH 4 and pH 7, rather small maltooligosaccharides (D2�D4) than larger maltooligosaccharides (D5�D7) formed, proportional levels of sugars produced after 24 h hydrolysis of soluble starch indicated	681349	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltooligosacharides		Sus scrofa	-	-	656528	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Cryptococcus flavus	-	soluble starch	655632	main products	-	?
starch + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	potato starch	655083	major products	-	?
starch + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	pH 6.5, 37�C	693478	the main products	-	?
starch + H2O	maltotriose + maltohexaose + maltoheptaose + maltose		Bacillus sp.	-	soluble starch	654254	first two are major products, maltohexose and maltose are intermediate products, maltotriose and maltohexaose are major products, maltoheptaose and maltose are intermediate products	-	?
starch + H2O	maltotriose + maltotetraose + maltopentaose		Scytalidium thermophilum	-	potato starch	654300	-	-	?
starch + H2O	alpha-D-glucose + maltose		Thermotoga maritima MSB8	P96107	pH 7.0, 85�C	690543	wild-type (alpha-D-glucose: ca. 22 mg/ml, maltose: ca. 5.5 mg/ml), mutants: W177V (alpha-D-glucose: ca. 20 mg/ml, maltose: ca. 5 mg/ml), Y178V (alpha-D-glucose: ca. 19 mg/ml, maltose: ca. 4 mg/ml), and F179V (alpha-D-glucose: ca. 17.5 mg/ml, maltose: ca. 7 mg/ml), almost no maltotriose as product for all variants, identified and analyzed by thin-layer-chromatography and HPLC	-	?
starch + H2O	maltose + ?		Bacillus sp.	-	-	704750	-	-	?
starch + H2O	D-glucooligomer		Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	658791	-	-	-
starch + H2O	D-glucose disaccharides + D-glucose trisaccharides		Aspergillus awamori	-	degradation of raw starch, isozyme Amyl III, degradation of raw and cooked starch granules by raw-starch-digesting alpha-amylase, Amyl III, starch of wheat bran, and and corn, microscopy of untreated granules and partially degraded granules, overview	665438	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Lactobacillus plantarum	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	-	-	664790, 701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	664229	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	664790	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	666785, 701764, 705097	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Rhodothermus marinus, Pyrococcus woesei, Thermotoga maritima	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Thermotoga maritima	-	-	702791	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus lentus, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Rhizopus sp., Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Carthamus tinctorius	-	-	702987	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Thermococcus litoralis, Thielavia heterothallica, Chloroflexus aurantiacus, Thermus filiformis, Scytalidium thermophilum, Lipomyces kononenkoae, Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius, Dictyoglomus thermophilum, Thermococcus hydrothermalis, Anoxybacillus flavithermus, Thermococcus profundus	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Geobacillus thermodenitrificans	-	-	664491	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Pyrodictium abyssi, Thermococcus fumicolans, Staphylothermus marinus, Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	-	702827	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	703059	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Halothermothrix orenii	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	-	664649	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	-	663786	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Chaerophyllum bulbosum	-	-	663557	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Desulfurococcus mucosus, Thermococcus aggregans, Thermococcus celer, Thermococcus guaymasensis	-	-	701764	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus megaterium	A7U965	-	701772	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Glyphodes pyloalis	-	-	702990	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	P00692	-	703339	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Oryza sativa	P17654	-	706217	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	-	soluble starch	664393	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Triticum aestivum	-	soluble starch	666677	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Lipomyces starkeyi	-	soluble starch	664980	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	soluble starch	666783	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus licheniformis	-	soluble starch	664440	-	-	ir
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Vibrio sp.	-	soluble starch	664782	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	soluble starch	665271	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus cereus	-	raw starch from corn and potato	664790	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus sp.	-	100% activity	704059	maltoheptaose is observed as a predominant product. When further hydrolysis is performed, glucose, maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, maltopentaose and maltohexaose appear. Glucose and maltose are produced after 2 h of incubation, and after 24 h, the main products are maltotriose, maltose and glucose	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Geobacillus thermodenitrificans	-	soluble starch from potato	665791	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Geobacillus thermodenitrificans	-	gelatinized starch from potato	664491	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus licheniformis	-	raw starch from corn and potato, the latter is preferred	664790	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	starch granules, high affinity for the substrate is mediated by the enzyme's separate starch binding domain, SBD	664229	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Sitophilus zeamais	-	the alpha-amylase from the resistant no-cost strain exhibits higher activity towards starch compared to the resistant cost strain	704982	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides + D-glucose + maltose		Penicillium griseofulvum	-	-	666697	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides + maltose		Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	-	666079	-	-	?
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides + maltose		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	hydrolysis of soluble starch, and degradation of raw starch granules of different source, overview	666785	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Bacillus subtilis	-	-	666829	-	-	?
starch + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Bacillus subtilis	-	raw starch from corn and soluble starch, endo mode of action	666829	25% maltose, 75% glucose	-	?
starch + H2O	D-glucose + maltose + maltotriose + maltodextrins		Thermotoga maritima	-	soluble starch, 68% of the activity with amylose, hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages	663719	small amount of longer maltodextrins, degradation process via malto-oligosaccharides	-	?
starch + H2O	maltose + malto-oligosaccharides + D-glucose		Penicillium chrysogenum	-	soluble starch	666693	trace amounts of D-glucose	-	?
starch + H2O	maltotriose + maltotetraose		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	alpha-amylase activity, preferred substrate	663700	main products	-	?
starch + H2O	oligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	P04063	insoluble blue starch, preferred substrate of mutant enzyme Y105A	665492	-	-	?
starch + H2O	dextrin		Bacillus subtilis	-	-	677791	-	-	?
starch + H2O	alpha-D-glucose + maltose + maltotriose		Thermotoga maritima MSB8	P96107	pH 7.0, 85�C	690543	mutants: H222Q (alpha-D-glucose: ca. 21 mg/ml, maltose: ca. 5 mg/ml, maltotriose: ca. 2.5 mg/ml), H222D (alpha-D-glucose: ca. 21 mg/ml, maltose: ca. 8 mg/ml, maltotriose: ca. 2.5 mg/ml), H222E (alpha-D-glucose: ca. 13 mg/ml, maltose: ca. 8 mg/ml, maltotriose: ca. 2.0 mg/ml), and V259W (alpha-D-glucose: ca. 16 mg/ml, maltose: ca. 8 mg/ml, maltotriose: ca. 2.5 mg/ml), identified and analyzed by thin-layer-chromatography and HPLC	-	?
starch + H2O	D-glucose + maltose + maltotriose		Eisenia fetida	-	various sources of starch are tested, japonica rice as control with 100% relative activity, India rice: 294% and 508% relative activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively, corn: 10.7% and 2.8% relative activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively, wheat: 27.1% and 47.5% relative activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively, potato: 10.6% and 4.47% relative activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively, sweet potato: 13.5% and 1.88% relative activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively, cassava: 1.22% relative activity for Amy II	691902	reactions product identified by thin-layer-chromatography	-	?
starch + H2O	maltotriose + glucose + maltose + maltotetraose		Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	pH 4, 55�C, various starches are tested: soluble potato starch as reference 100% relative activity, gelatinized amylose: 74%, potato native starch: 0.2%, potato gelatinized starch: 106%, maize native starch: 0.8%, maize gelatinized starch: 53%, rice native starch: 0.5%, and rice gelatinized starch: 52%	693602	identified by thin-layer-chromatography, maltotriose represents 70% of the end products, only traces of glucose, small amounts of maltose and maltotetraose	-	?
starch + H2O	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose		Bacillus mojavensis	-	-	701769	major end products	-	?
starch + H2O	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose		Bacillus mojavensis	-	active on wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch, the latter is the best starch substrate	701769	major end products, see also EC 3.2.1.116	-	?
starch + H2O	D-glucose + ?		Dermatophagoides farinae, Tyroborus lini, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Aleuroglyphus ovatus, Acarus siro, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Carpoglyphus lactis, Caloglyphus redickorzevi, Lepidoglyphus destructor	-	assay at 37�C	707289	-	-	?
starch + methanol	methylglucoside + alpha-D-glucose		Thermotoga maritima MSB8	P96107	-	690543	methylglucoside: wild-type ca. 7.5 mg/ml, mutant H222Q ca. 13 mg/ml, mutant H222E ca. 11 mg/ml, mutant H222D ca. 11 mg/mk, identified and analyzed by thin-layer-chromatography and HPLC	-	?
sweet sorghum starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	62% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-	?
tapioca root starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	88% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-	?
wheat starch + H2O	?		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	56.5% relative enzyme activity compared to reaction with soluble starch as substrate, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	-	-	?
wheat starch + H2O	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose		Bacillus mojavensis	-	78% activity compared to potato starch	701769	major end-products of starch hydrolysis	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	?		Bacillus mojavensis	-	80% activity compared to potato starch	701769	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Homo sapiens	-	-	393474	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Pisum sativum	-	-	393367	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Pyrococcus furiosus	O08452	-	393430	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	393426	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Lipomyces starkeyi	-	-	393269	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431, 393448, 393451	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Tenebrio molitor	-	-	393423	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	-	393460	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	-	393388	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	393441	predominant initial products are: maltose, maltotriose, maltohexaose and maltoheptaose	393441	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393391	maltotriose	393391	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	92% of the activity with amylose	393421	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Lysobacter brunescens	-	95% of the activity obtained with starch	393381	-	-	?
amylopectin + H2O	additional information	-	Clostridium butyricum	-	94% of the activity with starch	393383	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	?		Sus scrofa	-	pH 6.5, 37�C, inhibition studies with acarviosin-containing oligosaccharides	691647	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393379	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Homo sapiens	-	-	393474, 393476	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	393438	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Pyrococcus furiosus	O08452	-	393430	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	393426	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Lipomyces starkeyi	-	-	393269	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Micrococcus luteus	-	-	393464	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431, 393448, 393451	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Tenebrio molitor	-	-	393423	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Strongylocentrotus nudus	-	-	393444	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	-	393421	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Pichia burtonii	-	-	393419	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Pisum sativum	-	-	393367	glucose + maltose	393367	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	393441	predominant initial products are: maltose, maltotriose, maltohexaose and maltoheptaose	393441	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Hordeum vulgare	-	short chain, DP 17	393453	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Cryptococcus sp.	-	short chain, DP 17	393456	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	short chain, DP 17	393391	yield of maltotriose is 69%	393391	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Clostridium butyricum	-	34% of activity with starch	393383	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Candida antarctica	-	short chain amylose	136189	-	-	?
amylose + H2O	additional information	-	Lysobacter brunescens	-	65% of the activity obtained with starch	393381	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	?		Halothermothrix orenii	-	16.7% relative activity compared to amylose as substrate, pH 8.0. 65�C	693640	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393379	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431, 393448	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Tenebrio molitor	-	-	393423	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Pichia burtonii	-	-	393419	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393391	maltotriose	393391	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	393441	immediate products are maltohexaose and maltoheptaose	393441	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	weak activity	393460	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	68% of the activity with starch	393388	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Lysobacter brunescens	-	65% of the activity obtained with starch	393381	-	-	?
glycogen + H2O	additional information	-	Clostridium butyricum	-	86% of the activity with starch	393383	-	-	?
isopanose + H2O	?		Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	cyclomaltodextrinase activity, hydrolysis of alpha-1,6-glucosidic linkages	664823	-	-	?
isopanose + H2O	additional information	-	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393401	glucose + maltose + isomaltose	393401	?
isopanose + H2O	additional information	-	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393400	at low substrate concentratins, 0.5%, equimolar maltose and glucose are produced, at high substrate concentrations, 4.0%, a small amount of isomaltoside + glucose + maltose is produced. The enzyme can hydrolyze alpha-1,6-glucosidic linkage as well as alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkage	393400	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	?		Bacillus mojavensis	-	95% activity compared to potato starch	701769	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	additional information	-	Pisum sativum	-	-	393367	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	additional information	-	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	393429	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	additional information	-	Oryza sativa	-	-	393452, 393468	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	additional information	-	Aspergillus awamori	-	-	393450	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	additional information	-	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	-	-	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	additional information	-	Homo sapiens	-	-	393396	maltotetraose + maltotriose	393396	?
maltoheptaose + H2O	additional information	-	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	maltotetraose + maltotriose	393462	?
maltohexaose + H2O	?		Pichia burtonii	-	58% of the activity with soluble starch	678788	-	-	?
maltohexaose + H2O	additional information	-	Pisum sativum	-	-	393367	-	-	?
maltohexaose + H2O	additional information	-	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	393429	-	-	?
maltohexaose + H2O	additional information	-	Aspergillus awamori	-	-	393450	-	-	?
maltohexaose + H2O	additional information	-	Fusidium sp.	-	-	393365	-	-	?
maltohexaose + H2O	additional information	-	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	maltose + maltotetraose or maltotriose	393462	?
maltohexaose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431	glucose + maltopentaose	393431	?
maltopentaose + H2O	maltotriose + maltose		Homo sapiens	-	-	654643	major products	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393379	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	additional information	-	Pisum sativum	-	-	393367	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	additional information	-	Aspergillus awamori	-	-	393450	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	additional information	-	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	additional information	-	Fusidium sp.	-	-	393365	-	-	?
maltopentaose + H2O	additional information	-	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	maltose + maltotriose	393462	?
maltopentaose + H2O	additional information	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	393426	glucose + maltose + maltotriose + a slight amount of maltotetraose	393426	?
maltopentaose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	no activity	393431	-	-	-
maltotetraose + H2O	maltose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	additional information	-	Pisum sativum	-	-	393367	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	additional information	-	Aspergillus awamori	-	-	393450	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	additional information	-	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	additional information	-	Fusidium sp.	-	-	393365	-	-	?
maltotetraose + H2O	additional information	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	393426	glucose + maltose + maltotriose	393426	?
maltotetraose + H2O	additional information	-	Homo sapiens	-	-	393395	maltose + maltose	393395	?
maltotetraose + H2O	additional information	-	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	-	393421	maltose + maltose	393421	?
maltotetraose + H2O	additional information	-	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	393459	maltose with some glucose and maltotriose	393459	?
maltotetraose + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	no activity	393431	-	-	-
maltotriose + H2O	maltose		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	6% of activity with potato starch	655083	-	-	?
additional information	?	-	Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	D4P4Y7	substrate specificity, overview	718361	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Pyrococcus woesei	-	no activity with pullulan	666304	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Oryza sativa	-	chimeric enzyme engineered from two rice alpha-amylases isoenzymes, Amy1A and Amy3D. Amy1 shows high activity in soluble-starch hydrolysis and low activity in oligosaccharide degradation, while Amy3D shows low activity in soluble-starch hydrolysis and high activity in oligosaccharide degradation. The chimeric enzyme shows high activities in both soluble-starch hydrolysis and oligosaccharide degradation	393452	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	action pattern on maltooligosaccharides	393401	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Haloarcula hispanica	-	AmyH might be a substrate of the Twin-ariginine translocase Tat pathway	664875	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Periplaneta americana	Q75UG5	the crustacean cardioactive peptide isolated from midgut and central nervous system of cockroaches exhibits alpha-amylase activity in the midgut and might be involved in digestion of carbohydrate in a paracrine manner, CCAP also shows myotropic activity and might also be involved in stimulation of midgut contraction	664762	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	the digestive endo-type enzyme plays an essential role in the carbohydrate metabolism and energy production of the insect, Zabrotes subfasciatus is able to infest stored beans of Phaseolus vulgaris causing severe crop losses in Latin America and Africa	663786	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	adsorption to and hydrolysis of raw starch from corn and potato, effect on isozymes, overview, isozyme RBLA is a liquifying alpha-amylase	664790	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis	-	adsorption to and hydrolysis of raw starch from corn and potato, overview	664790	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Thermotoga maritima	-	hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages, glycogen and beta-cyclodextrin are poor substrates for AmyC, no activity with pullulan and maltose	663719	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Meretrix lusoria	-	isozyme substrate specificity, no activity of all isozymes with pullulan, alpha-cyclodextrin, and beta-cyclodextrin, overview	665013	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Lipomyces starkeyi	-	no activity with maltodextrins of G2-G4	664980	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Hordeum vulgare	P04063	substrate specificities of wild-type and mutant enzymes, oligosaccharide action patterns of mutant enzymes, overview, Tyr105 and Thr212 at outermost substrate binding subsites -6 and +4 control substrate specificity, oligosaccharide cleavage patterns, and multiple binding modes of alpha-amylase 1, modelling of oligosaccharide substrate docking at the substrate binding area	665492	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	substrate specificity of the bifunctional enzyme, the enzyme hydrolyzes alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages and alpha-1,6-glucosidic linkages, and performs transglycosylation reactions, overview	664823	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	substrate specificity, hydrolytic pattern, PFTA is a bifunctional enzyme showing alpha-amylase as well as cyclodextrin-hydrolyzing activity, but no transglycosylation activity, overview	663700	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Klebsiella pneumoniae	-	the enzyme is a maltohexaose-producing alpha-amylase	663490	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Tribolium confusum	-	key enzyme in digestive system	679312	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Bacillus halodurans	-	no hydrolytic activity towards pullulan or dextran	678804	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	the enzyme has some glycosyl transferase activity	678857	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Fusicoccum sp.	-	trace activity towards alpha-cyclodextrin, no hydrolysis of pullulan, no hydrolysis of maltose	678799	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Xanthomonas campestris	-	alpha-Amylase production is highly dependent on starch availability and is supressed in the presence of glucose or other reducing sugars whereas the transformed Xanthomonas expressing the hyperthermophilic alpha-amylase from Pyrococcus woesei produces similar levels of recombinant alpha-amylase activity, regardless of the carbon source present in growth medium	690492	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	maltose is not hydrolyzed by the alpha-amylase	693478	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Eisenia fetida	-	no activity detected using cassava starch as substrate for Amy I	691902	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	ScAmy43 does not hydrolyze native starches	693602	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Sus scrofa	-	alpha-amylase hydrolyzes beta-cyclodextrin with difficulty, and fails to hydrolyze gamma-cyclodextrin to any appreciable extent	702374	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	AmyB enzymatic activity is negligible when acarbose, a maltotetraose is present, indicating that AmyB cleaves maltose units from the nonreducing end of maltooligosaccharides	701883	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Citrus sinensis	-	does not hydrolyze beta-cyclodextrin and dextran	701763	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	high-molecular-mass compounds containing alpha-1,4 linkages are the best substrates for the enzyme. After 5 min reaction, no hydrolytic activity can be detected using maltose, xylan, pullulan or alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins as substrates	701869	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	inability to hydrolyze pullulan and beta-cyclodextrin with less than 10% of the specific activity of starch	701883	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Bacillus sp.	-	does not hydrolyze alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin	704059	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Bacillus mojavensis	-	no activity towards maltohexaose, maltopentaose, and maltotetraose, BMA.2 is active on potato starch, wheat starch, corn starch, amylose, amylopectin, and maltoheptaose, highest activity on amylose	701769	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Glycine max	-	soybean alpha-amylase shows high specificity for its primary substrate starch, followed by amylopectin and dextrin (III), lower activity with amylopectin, overview	718200	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Cryptococcus flavus	-	activity of Amy1 towards soluble starch, glycogen, amylopectin, amylose in descending order	717552	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	maltooligosaccharide bind to the carbohydrate-binding domain, CBM58, of SusG. SusG is flexible in its carbohydrate selectivity because it binds to and degrades pullulan, amylopectin, and amylose. It shows low activity on alpha- and beta-cyclodextrins	718404	-	-	-
starch + H2O	maltose		Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	pH 8.0, 100�C	695695	-	-	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacteria	-	-	393472	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393366, 393461	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Homo sapiens	-	-	393427, 393433, 393442, 393473, 393474, 393475, 393476	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	393366, 393437, 393463	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	393417	-	-	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Aspergillus niger	-	-	393366, 393439	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	393471	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus sp.	-	-	393417	-	393417	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Tenebrio molitor	-	-	393423	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393378	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393413	-	393413	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393417	-	393417	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	393441	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Kocuria varians	-	-	393465	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Aspergillus awamori	-	-	393393	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393400, 393401	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	-	393417	-	393417	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Lysobacter brunescens	-	-	393381	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Calvatia gigantea	-	-	393407	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Paecilomyces sp.	-	-	393408	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Pichia burtonii	-	-	393419	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Callosobruchus chinensis	-	-	393436	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Corallococcus coralloides	-	-	393445	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	-	393432	maltotriose + maltose, glucose is also formed	393432	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Clostridium butyricum	-	-	393383	major products are maltotriose and maltose	393383	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Streptomyces megasporus	-	-	393446	major products are maltotriose and maltose	393446	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Halomonas meridiana	-	-	393454	major products are maltotriose and maltose	393454	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Lipomyces starkeyi	-	-	393269	main products are maltose, maltotriose, and higher dextrins	393269	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Gammarus palustris	-	-	393449	predominant formation of maltotriose	393449	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Cryptococcus sp.	-	-	393456	main products of the 6 h reaction and the 18 h reaction are glucose, maltose, maltotriose and maltotetraose	393456	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus coagulans	-	-	393413	glucose + maltose + maltotriose and maltotetraose are the principal products	393413	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	-	393470	production of high levels of maltose	393470	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Talaromyces emersonii	-	-	393375	maltose + higher oligomers of glucose	393375	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Thermomonospora curvata	-	-	393417	maltotetraose + maltopentaose	393417	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Thermomonospora curvata	-	-	393420	maltotetraose + maltopentaose	393420	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus circulans	-	-	393403	maltotetraose + maltopentaose are the main products	393403	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Dioscorea dumetorum	-	-	393414	one enzyme form produces maltose and maltohexaose, another form produces exclusively maltopentaose from polysaccharide substrates	393414	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus caldovelox	-	-	393368	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose and low levels of glucose, maltose and maltotetraose	393368	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Streptomyces megasporus	-	-	393446	maltose and traces of maltotriose	393446	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus circulans	-	-	171741	maltohexaose is the main product	171741	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	soluble starch	393391, 393463	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Hordeum vulgare	-	soluble starch	393453	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Pisum sativum	-	soluble starch	393367	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Pyrococcus furiosus	O08452	soluble starch	393430	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	soluble starch	393426	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	soluble starch	393404, 393463	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Oryza sativa	-	soluble starch	393452	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	soluble starch	393460	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Candida antarctica	-	soluble starch	136189	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	soluble starch	393421	products in the late stage of reaction: maltose + maltotriose with less amounts of maltotetraose and maltopentaose and traces of glucose	393421	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	soluble starch	393411	major products are maltotriose and maltose	393411	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	-	soluble starch	393380	glucose + maltose + maltotriose + maltotetraose	393380	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	soluble starch	393369	after 15 min: formation of maltodextrins, after 60 min: formation of glucose + maltose + maltotriose + maltotetraose + maltohexaose + maltoheptaose	393369	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Aspergillus awamori	-	soluble starch	393450	enzyme form Amyl I hydrolyzes waxy maize starch to produce mainly maltose, maltotriose, and some maltooligosaccharides with higher degree of polymerization, the enzyme forms Amyl II and Amyl III produce maltose and some maltooligosaccharides of higher molecular weight than maltotetraose	393450	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Fusidium sp.	-	soluble starch	393365	main products are maltose and maltotriose, minor products are maltotetraose and maltopentaose in the early stage of reaction. Small amounts of glucose are detected after 24 h	393365	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	soluble starch	393451	the major products are maltotriose + maltopentaose	393451	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	soluble starch	393388	after 24 h: 6.1% glucose, 18.0% maltose, 21.0% maltotriose, 1.3% maltotetraose, 1.3% maltopentaose and 1.1% maltohexaose	393388	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	soluble starch	393431	main products in the early stage of hydrolysis are maltopentaose, maltohexaose and maltoheptaose, on further incubation maltotriose and maltopentaose increase while maltohexaose, maltoheptaose and maltooctaose decrease	393431	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	soluble starch	393448	initially produces large amounts of maltose and maltotriose. Gradually as the amount of maltotriose decreases the amounts of glucose and maltose increase	393448	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	soluble starch	393431	major products: maltotriose + maltopentaose + maltohexaose + maltose	393431	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus sp.	-	soluble starch	393448	mainly glucose and maltose	393448	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	soluble starch	393394	mainly glucose and maltose	393394	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Candida antarctica	-	raw starches	136189	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	digestion of raw potato starch is almost as far as that of corn starch	393379	glucose + maltose + small amounts of maltooligosaccharides ranging from maltotriose to maltoheptaose	393379	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	rice starch, yam starch, cassava starch	393394	mainly glucose and maltose	393394	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	sweet potato starch	393379	glucose + maltose + small amounts of maltooligosaccharides ranging from maltotriose to maltoheptaose	393379	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	plantain starch, sorghum starch, cocyam starch	393394	mainly glucose and maltose	393394	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	corn starch	393379	glucose + maltose + small amounts of maltooligosaccharides ranging from maltotriose to maltoheptaose	393379	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	corn starch	393388	after 24 h: 6.1% glucose, 18.0% maltose, 21.0% maltotriose, 1.3% maltotetraose, 1.3% maltopentaose and 1.1% maltohexaose	393388	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	corn starch	393394	mainly glucose and maltose	393394	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	waxy corn starch	393379	glucose + maltose + small amounts of maltooligosaccharides ranging from maltotriose to maltoheptaose	393379	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Aspergillus awamori	-	waxy corn starch	393450	enzyme form Amyl I hydrolyzes waxy maize starch to produce mainly maltose, maltotriose, and some maltooligosaccharides with higher degree of polymerization, the enzyme forms Amyl II and Amyl III produce maltose and some maltooligosaccharides of higher molecular weight than maltotetraose	393450	?
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Hordeum vulgare	-	insoluble starch	393453	-	-	-
starch + H2O	additional information	-	Bacillus subtilis	-	wheat starch	393379	glucose + maltose + small amounts of maltooligosaccharides ranging from maltotriose to maltoheptaose	393379	?

NATURAL SUBSTRATES	NATURAL PRODUCTS	REACTION DIAGRAM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY SUBSTRATE	LITERATURE (Substrate)	COMMENTARY PRODUCT	LITERATURE (Product)
2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltotrioside + H2O	2-chloro-4-nitrophenol + alpha-D-maltotriose		Bacillus sp.	-	-	704750	-	-
4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltohexaoside + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
4-nitrophenyl maltoheptaoside + H2O	4-nitrophenol + maltoheptaoside		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	-	-
alpha-1,4-glucan + H2O	fragments of alpha-1,4-glucan		Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	655906	-	-
amylase + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
amylopectin + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
amylopectin + H2O	?		Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	-	718404	-	-
amylopectin + H2O	?		Ascaris suum	-	intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	654030	-	-
amylopectin + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	86% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-
amylopectin + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	-	664649	-	-
amylopectin + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	73% activity compared to corn starch	701763	-	-
amylose + H2O	?		Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	-	718404	-	-
amylose + H2O	?		Ascaris suum	-	intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	654030	-	-
amylose + H2O	fragments of amylose		Methanocaldococcus jannaschii	-	-	655646	-	-
amylose + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	655467	-	-
amylose + H2O	maltotriose + maltotetraose + maltopentaose		Scytalidium thermophilum	-	approx. 10% of activity with starch	654300	-	-
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Homo sapiens	-	-	663880	-	-
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	664229	-	-
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	-	664649	-	-
amylose + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Homo sapiens, Sus scrofa, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aspergillus oryzae	-	soluble substrate	664793	-	-
cassava starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	129% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-
corn flour + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	58% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-
corn starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	107% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-
corn starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	100% activity	701763	-	-
dextrin + H2O	?		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	-	-
dextrin + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	67% activity compared to corn starch	701763	-	-
glycogen + H2O	?		Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Pyrococcus furiosus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Rhodothermus marinus, Pyrococcus woesei, Thermotoga maritima, Bacillus lentus, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Rhizopus sp., Thermomyces lanuginosus, Thermococcus litoralis, Thielavia heterothallica, Chloroflexus aurantiacus, Thermus filiformis, Scytalidium thermophilum, Lipomyces kononenkoae, Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius, Dictyoglomus thermophilum, Thermococcus hydrothermalis, Anoxybacillus flavithermus, Thermococcus profundus, Pyrodictium abyssi, Thermococcus fumicolans, Staphylothermus marinus, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Halothermothrix orenii, Desulfurococcus mucosus, Thermococcus aggregans, Thermococcus celer, Thermococcus guaymasensis	-	-	701764	-	-
glycogen + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
glycogen + H2O	?		Ascaris suum	-	glycogen from Ascaris suum, intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	654030	-	-
glycogen + H2O	maltotriose + maltotetraose + maltopentaose		Scytalidium thermophilum	-	approx. 10% of activity with starch	654300	-	-
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Sus scrofa	-	-	702374	-	-
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	-	664649	-	-
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Glyphodes pyloalis	-	-	702990	-	-
glycogen + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	81% activity compared to corn starch	701763	-	-
maltoheptaose + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
maltopentaose + H2O	malto-oligomers + maltose		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	666785	-	-
maltopentaose + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
maltotetraose + H2O	maltose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
maltothexaose + H2O	maltose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
oyster glycogen + H2O	?		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	-	-
potato soluble starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	100% activity	701874	-	-
potato starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Citrus sinensis	-	potato starch has low affinity toward alpha-amylase AI (12% activity compared to corn starch)	701763	-	-
pullulan + H2O	?		Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	-	718404	-	-
rabbit glycogen + H2O	?		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	-	-
Remazol Brilliant Blue dyed starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	-	703649	-	-
Remazol Brilliant Blue-dyed starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	-	703649	-	-
soluble potato starch + H2O	maltotriose + maltose + maltotetraose		Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	-	701869	major products of the enzymatic reaction with starch as substrate	-
soluble starch + H2O	?		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
soluble starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	B8Y1H0	-	702833	-	-
starch + H2O	?		Ascaris suum	-	intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	654030	-	-
starch + H2O	?		Homo sapiens	-	salivary alpha-amylase digests a portion of ingested starch in the stomach before it enters the intestine and is exposed to pancreatic amylase. A role of salivary alpha-amylase is bacterial clearance from the mouth and prevention of bacterial attachment to oral surfaces	677569	-	-
starch + H2O	glucooligosaccharide		Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	-	high enzyme production during stationary phase of growth, lack of catabolite repression	393380	-	-
starch + H2O	glucooligosaccharide		Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	enzyme production is induced by 2% starch or solid CaCO3	393406	-	-
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Mus musculus	-	-	657410	-	-
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Homo sapiens	-	-	654363	-	-
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Bacillus sp.	-	-	655521, 657151, 657239	-	-
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	654220	-	-
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Eleusine coracana	-	-	656951	-	-
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Tulipa gesneriana	-	-	656916	-	-
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	-	655358	-	-
starch + H2O	fragments of starch		Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	-	656677	-	-
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Homo sapiens	-	-	654643	-	-
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	656632	-	-
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	654581	-	-
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	-	656528	-	-
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	-	654249	-	-
starch + H2O	maltooligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	synthesis of alpha-amylase not catabolite-repressed by glucose in strain KCC103, difference to other Bacillus species	681349	-	-
starch + H2O	maltooligosacharides		Sus scrofa	-	-	656528	-	-
starch + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632	-	-
starch + H2O	maltose + maltotriose		Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	potato starch	655083	major products	-
starch + H2O	maltotriose + maltohexaose + maltoheptaose + maltose		Bacillus sp.	-	soluble starch	654254	first two are major products, maltohexose and maltose are intermediate products	-
starch + H2O	maltotriose + maltotetraose + maltopentaose		Scytalidium thermophilum	-	-	654300	-	-
starch + H2O	maltose + ?		Bacillus sp.	-	-	704750	-	-
starch + H2O	D-glucose disaccharides + D-glucose trisaccharides		Aspergillus awamori	-	degradation of raw starch, isozyme Amyl III	665438	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Lactobacillus plantarum	-	-	701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	-	-	664790, 701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Hordeum vulgare	-	-	664229	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	664790	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	-	666785, 701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Rhodothermus marinus, Pyrococcus woesei, Thermotoga maritima	-	-	701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Thermotoga maritima	-	-	702791	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus lentus, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris, Rhizopus sp., Thermomyces lanuginosus, Thermococcus litoralis, Thielavia heterothallica, Chloroflexus aurantiacus, Thermus filiformis, Scytalidium thermophilum, Lipomyces kononenkoae, Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius, Dictyoglomus thermophilum, Thermococcus hydrothermalis, Anoxybacillus flavithermus, Thermococcus profundus	-	-	701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Geobacillus thermodenitrificans	-	-	664491	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Pyrodictium abyssi, Thermococcus fumicolans, Staphylothermus marinus, Lactobacillus amylovorus	-	-	701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	703059	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Halothermothrix orenii	-	-	701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	-	664649	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	-	663786	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Chaerophyllum bulbosum	-	-	663557	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Desulfurococcus mucosus, Thermococcus aggregans, Thermococcus celer, Thermococcus guaymasensis	-	-	701764	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	P00692	-	703339	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Oryza sativa	P17654	-	706217	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Bacillus subtilis	-	soluble starch	664393	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Triticum aestivum	-	soluble starch	666677	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Vibrio sp.	-	soluble starch	664782	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides		Sitophilus zeamais	-	the alpha-amylase from the resistant no-cost strain exhibits higher activity towards starch compared to the resistant cost strain	704982	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides + D-glucose + maltose		Penicillium griseofulvum	-	-	666697	-	-
starch + H2O	malto-oligosaccharides + maltose		Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	-	666079	-	-
starch + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Bacillus subtilis	-	-	666829	-	-
starch + H2O	maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose		Bacillus mojavensis	-	-	701769	major end products	-
sweet sorghum starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	62% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-
tapioca root starch + H2O	?		Geobacillus sp.	-	88% activity compared to potato soluble starch	701874	-	-
maltotriose + H2O	maltose + D-glucose		Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	-	701883	-	-
additional information	?	-	Haloarcula hispanica	-	AmyH might be a substrate of the Twin-ariginine translocase Tat pathway	664875	-	-
additional information	?	-	Periplaneta americana	Q75UG5	the crustacean cardioactive peptide isolated from midgut and central nervous system of cockroaches exhibits alpha-amylase activity in the midgut and might be involved in digestion of carbohydrate in a paracrine manner, CCAP also shows myotropic activity and might also be involved in stimulation of midgut contraction	664762	-	-
additional information	?	-	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	the digestive endo-type enzyme plays an essential role in the carbohydrate metabolism and energy production of the insect, Zabrotes subfasciatus is able to infest stored beans of Phaseolus vulgaris causing severe crop losses in Latin America and Africa	663786	-	-
additional information	?	-	Tribolium confusum	-	key enzyme in digestive system	679312	-	-
additional information	?	-	Xanthomonas campestris	-	alpha-Amylase production is highly dependent on starch availability and is supressed in the presence of glucose or other reducing sugars whereas the transformed Xanthomonas expressing the hyperthermophilic alpha-amylase from Pyrococcus woesei produces similar levels of recombinant alpha-amylase activity, regardless of the carbon source present in growth medium	690492	-	-
additional information	?	-	Sus scrofa	-	alpha-amylase hydrolyzes beta-cyclodextrin with difficulty, and fails to hydrolyze gamma-cyclodextrin to any appreciable extent	702374	-	-
additional information	?	-	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	AmyB enzymatic activity is negligible when acarbose, a maltotetraose is present, indicating that AmyB cleaves maltose units from the nonreducing end of maltooligosaccharides	701883	-	-
additional information	?	-	Citrus sinensis	-	does not hydrolyze beta-cyclodextrin and dextran	701763	-	-
additional information	?	-	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	high-molecular-mass compounds containing alpha-1,4 linkages are the best substrates for the enzyme. After 5 min reaction, no hydrolytic activity can be detected using maltose, xylan, pullulan or alpha-, beta- and gamma-cyclodextrins as substrates	701869	-	-
additional information	?	-	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	inability to hydrolyze pullulan and beta-cyclodextrin with less than 10% of the specific activity of starch	701883	-	-
additional information	?	-	Glycine max	-	soybean alpha-amylase shows high specificity for its primary substrate starch, followed by amylopectin and dextrin (III), lower activity with amylopectin, overview	718200	-	-

COFACTOR	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

METALS and IONS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
Ag+	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	0.5 mM, enhances activity	393394
Ag+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, slight activation for Amy I and Amy II	691902
Ag2+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	activity inhibited	681349
Al3+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 110% and 73% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902
Al3+	Geobacillus sp.	-	120% relative activity at 10 mM	704058
Ba2+	Brevibacillus brevis	-	stimulates	393374
Ba2+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, slight activation	393421
Ba2+	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	activation	655083
Ba2+	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	activates	663786
Ba2+	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 2.24fold activation	677634
Ba2+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	measured activity about 80�90%	681349
Ba2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 104% and 95% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902
Ba2+	Citrus sinensis	-	35% increase of activity at 2 mM	701763
Ba2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	163% relative activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874
Ba2+	Bacillus sp.	-	the activity is increased by approximately 15% by 1 mM Ba2+	704059
Ca2+	Thermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus	-	stimulates	136410
Ca2+	Pisum sativum	-	required	393367
Ca2+	Rattus norvegicus	-	5 mM, required for activation	393386
Ca2+	Homo sapiens	-	required	393395
Ca2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	stimulates	393404, 393406
Ca2+	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	required	393406
Ca2+	Bacillus sp., Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393406
Ca2+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	stimulates	393406
Ca2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	40 mM calcium acetate, enhances activity of membrane-bound enzyme to 268% of control	393416
Ca2+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, about 70% activation	393421
Ca2+	Tenebrio molitor	-	the enzyme is Ca2+-protein. Removal of Ca2+ by dialysis against water causes irreversible inactivation of the enzyme	393423
Ca2+	Callosobruchus chinensis	-	2-mercaptoethanol interfers with activation by Ca2+, glutathione enhances it	393436
Ca2+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	contains one gatom of Ca2+ per mol of enzyme	393438
Ca2+	Oryza sativa	-	95% loss of activity after removal of Ca2+ by EDTA, addition of Ca2+ results in the recovery of 12% of the original activity, alpha-amylase III	393447
Ca2+	Bacillus sp.	-	catalytic and/or structure-stabilizing Ca2+ ions are tightly bound to the enzyme	393451
Ca2+	Micrococcus luteus	-	optimal activation at 15 mM	393464
Ca2+	Bacteria	-	stimulates	393472
Ca2+	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	activation	655083
Ca2+	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	activates	663786
Ca2+	Hordeum vulgare	-	-	664229
Ca2+	Mytilus galloprovincialis	-	activates, activity profile	664659
Ca2+	Vibrio sp.	-	activates	664782
Ca2+	Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Homo sapiens, Sus scrofa	-	-	664793
Ca2+	Lipomyces starkeyi	-	stimulates	664980
Ca2+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	stabilizes the partially purified enzyme against thermal inactivation	665151
Ca2+	Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	-	665271
Ca2+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	increases the thermostability of the enzyme, two Ca2+ ions per enzyme molecule	665673
Ca2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	increases the thermostability of the enzyme, four Ca2+ ions per enzyme molecule	665673
Ca2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	increases the thermostability of the enzyme, five Ca2+ ions per enzyme molecule	665673
Ca2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	increases the thermostability of the enzyme, three Ca2+ ions per enzyme molecule	665673
Ca2+	Sus scrofa	-	increases the thermostability of the enzyme, one Ca2+ ion per enzyme molecule	665673
Ca2+	Geobacillus thermodenitrificans	-	stabilizes the enzyme	665791
Ca2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	1 Ca2+ bound per enzyme molecule	666785
Ca2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 1.35fold activation of wild-type enzyme, 1.24fold activation of mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791
Ca2+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 1.35fold activation	678788
Ca2+	Fusicoccum sp.	-	2 mM, about 1.2fold activation	678799
Ca2+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	slightly improves enzymatic activity	678862
Ca2+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	activity not significantly enhanced in presence of 1 mM CaCl2	681349
Ca2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	enhances the enzyme activity with 5 mM Ca2+, 120% relative activity, and with 10 mM 96% relative activity, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510
Ca2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 105% and 106% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902
Ca2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 148% relative activity	693478
Ca2+	Hordeum vulgare	-	AMY1 shows the highest activity at 5 mM calcium concentration and maintains its activity at a broad range from 0.1 to 10 mM of calcium ion. AMY2 shows the highest acitivity at 15-20 mM of calcium, compared with the lowest 20% of activity at 0.1 mM of calcium concentration, 37�C, substrate insoluble blue starch. There is no significant difference in hydrolyzing activity on the soluble starch substrate between AMY1 and AMY2, with the increase of calcium concentration. The increase in calcium up to 50 mM causes the decrease by 0-30% in the activity of both AMYs	693604
Ca2+	Halothermothrix orenii	-	strictly dependent, retaining below 20% activity in the absence of CaCl2. The optimal concentration is ca. 0.2 mM	693640
Ca2+	Citrus sinensis	-	the activity of the alpha-amylase AI is increased 1.5fold in the presence of 4 mM Ca2+	701763
Ca2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	Bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase requires roughly 4times more calcium for full activity than other alpha-amylases of nonbacterial nature	701764
Ca2+	Bacillus megaterium	A7U965	in the presence of calcium, the affinity of the enzymes (wild type and mutants) toward starch is increased, the thermostability of the wild type and A53S mutant is calcium dependent at different temperatures, in the presence of 2 mM CaCl2 at 60�C, the percentage of residual activity in both the wild type and A53S mutant changes after 30 min of incubation	701772
Ca2+	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	calcium-dependent alpha-amylase, maximum activity at 2.5 mM CaCl2	701869
Ca2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	180% relative activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874
Ca2+	Carthamus tinctorius	-	128% activity at 10 mM	702987
Ca2+	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	197% relative activity at 20 mM Ca2+ for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990
Ca2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	P00692	the Ca2+-binding residue Asp233 affects significantly the alpha-amylase specific activity	703339
Ca2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	200% relative activity at 10 mM	704058
Ca2+	Bacillus sp.	-	required	717883
Ca2+	Lactococcus lactis	-	no effect on enzyme activity by Ca2+, but structural stabilization of the protein molecule by calcium ions	717982
Ca2+	Lepidium sativum	-	required	718035
Ca2+	Glycine max	-	calcium stabilizes the conformation of alpha-amylase and also involved in substrate binding, but inhibits enzyme activity	718200
Ca2+	Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	2 ions per enzyme molecule	718404
CaCl2	Bacillus sp.	-	5 mM, slight activation	657151
CaCl2	Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	76% activation of isozyme alpha-amylase I at 1 mM	664649
CaCl2	Morimus funereus	-	maximal activity at 0.1 mM, higher concentrations inhibit activity	679338
CaCl2	Vigna radiata	-	incubated in different concentrations 0.5-100 mM at 25�C overnight, with 10 mM EDTA, significant activation, with two apparent dissociation constants K1: 0.3 mM and K2: 5.4 mM	691330
CaCl2	Bacillus licheniformis	-	the reusability of the immobilized enzymes are similar in starch hydrolysis reaction medium containing either 5 mM or 0.25 mM CaCl2	691454
CaCl2	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	2 mM, pH 6.5, 50�C, 115% relative activity	691914
CaCl2	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 111% relative activity	693602
Cd2+	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	activation	655083
Chloride	Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	is a weak allosteric enzyme activator	666079
Cl-	Homo sapiens	-	required	393395
Cl-	Homo sapiens	-	10-100 mM, activates	393396
Cl-	Tenebrio molitor	-	activates	393423
Cl-	Strongylocentrotus nudus	-	activates	393444
Cl-	Gammarus palustris	-	activates isoenzyme IC and IW	393449
Cl-	Homo sapiens	-	activation above 10 mM	393476
Co2+	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	0.5 mM, enhances activity	393394
Co2+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, about 70% activation	393421
Co2+	Vibrio sp.	-	activates	664782
Co2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight activation of isozyme AI-2, slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AII	665013
Co2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	activates and enhances structural enzyme stability	665150
Co2+	Bacillus sp.	-	activation of isozyme BAA at 10 mM	666783
Co2+	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 3.06fold activation	677634
Co2+	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	5 mM, strong stimulation	678857
Co2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	162% relative activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874
Cr3+	Geobacillus sp.	-	140% relative activity at 10 mM	704058
Cs+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 1.13fold activation of wild-type enzyme	677791
Cu2+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, slight activation	393421
Cu2+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	slightly improves enzymatic activity	678862
Cu2+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	measured activity about 80�90%	681349
Cu2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	enhances the enzyme activity with 5 mM Cu2+, 120% relative activity, and with 10 mM 87% relative activity, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510
Cu2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 100% relative activity	693478
Cu2+	Penicillium brevicompactum	-	activates	718308
CuCl	Apis mellifera	-	1 mM, 34% inhibition	681158
EDTA	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	2 mM, pH 6.5, 50�C, 40% relative activity	691914
EDTA	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	112% relative activity at 2 mM EDTA for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990
F-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	stimulates	393404
Fe2+	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	0.5 mM, enhances activity	393394
Fe2+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, slight activation	393421
Fe2+	Aspergillus awamori	-	activates	393450
Fe2+	Vibrio sp.	-	activates	664782
Fe2+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	activates	665151
Fe2+	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 2.72fold activation	677634
Fe2+	Bacillus sp.	-	the activity is increased by approximately 15% by 1 mM Fe2+	704059
Fe3+	Vibrio sp.	-	activates slightly	664782
Fe3+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	activity about 120%	681349
Fe3+	Geobacillus sp.	-	133% relative activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874
Hg2+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	activity inhibited	681349
HgCl2	Apis mellifera	-	1 mM, 13% inhibition	681158
K+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, slight activation	393421
K+	Micrococcus luteus	-	optimal activation at 10 mM	393464
K+	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AII, slight inhibition of isozyme AI-2	665013
K+	Geobacillus sp.	-	131% relative activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874
K+	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	248% relative activity at 20 mM K+ for midgut alpha-amylase and 223% relative activity at 20 mM K+ for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990
K+	Geobacillus sp.	-	105% relative activity at 10 mM	704058
KCl	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	2 mM, pH 6.5, 50�C, 105% relative activity	691914
KCN	Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	10 mM, 82% inhibition	393425
Li+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, slight activation	393421
Li+	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, slight inhibition of isozyme AII	665013
Mg2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	stimulates	393404
Mg2+	Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius	-	required	393406
Mg2+	Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393406
Mg2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	40 mM magnesium acetate, enhances activity of the membrane-bound enzyme to 216% of the control	393416
Mg2+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, slight activation	393421
Mg2+	Micrococcus luteus	-	optimal activation at 10 mM	393464
Mg2+	Kocuria varians	-	stimulates	393465
Mg2+	Bacteria	-	stimulates	393472
Mg2+	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	activation	655083
Mg2+	Vibrio sp.	-	activates	664782
Mg2+	Lipomyces starkeyi	-	stimulates	664980
Mg2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII	665013
Mg2+	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 1.72fold activation	677634
Mg2+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	slightly improves enzymatic activity	678862
Mg2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 111% and 107% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902
Mg2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 98% relative activity	693478
Mg2+	Bacillus mojavensis	-	118% relative activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 6.5; activates	701769
Mg2+	Bacillus sp.	-	the activity is increased by approximately 15% by 10 mM Mg2+	704059
Mg2+	Lepidium sativum	-	required	718035
Mg2+	Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	2 ions per enzyme molecule	718404
MgCl2	Apis mellifera	-	1 mM, 22% inhibition	681158
MgCl2	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 103% relative activity	693602
Mn2+	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	0.5 mM, enhances activity	393394
Mn2+	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	activation	655083
Mn2+	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	activates	663786
Mn2+	Vibrio sp.	-	activates	664782
Mn2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII	665013
Mn2+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	activates	665151
Mn2+	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 1.34fold activation	677634
Mn2+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	slightly improves enzymatic activity	678862
Mn2+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	measured activity about 80�90%	681349
Mn2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 108% and 102% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902
Mn2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 96% relative activity	693478
Mn2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	191% relative activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874
Mn2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	140% relative activity at 10 mM	704058
Mn2+	Bacillus sp.	-	activates at 10 mM	717670
Mn2+	Penicillium brevicompactum	-	activates	718308
Na+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	stimulates	393404
Na+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, slight activation	393421
Na+	Halomonas meridiana	-	optimal salinity: 10% NaCl	393454
Na+	Micrococcus luteus	-	optimal activation at 5 mM	393464
Na+	Bacteria	-	activity is promoted by 0.5-2.0% NaCl	393472
Na+	Meretrix lusoria	-	activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII	665013
Na+	Bacillus sp.	-	activation of isozyme BAA at 10 mM	666783
Na+	Geobacillus sp.	-	142% relative activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874
Na+	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	120% relative activity at 10 mM Na+ for midgut alpha-amylase and 183% relative activity at 20 mM Na+ for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990
Na+	Penicillium brevicompactum	-	activates	718308
Na2SO4	Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	1 M, 4fold increase in activity	656677
NaCl	Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	18% activation of isozyme alpha-amylase I at 1 mM, 21% at 10 mM	664649
NaCl	Haloarcula hispanica	-	AmyH is very halophilic, but is also active in absence of salt, denaturation by urea occurs only in absence of NaCl	664875
NaCl	Morimus funereus	-	activation above 10 mM, 28% activation at 250 mM	679338
NaCl	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	2 mM, pH 6.5, 50�C, 100% relative activity	691914
NaCl	Halothermothrix orenii	-	the enzyme is active over a broad range of salt concentrations, with optimum activity at 0.9 M. At 1.7, 2.6, and 4.3 M NaCl AmyB ist 80, 60, and 12% active, respectively. AmyB is a halophilic enzyme, but is still above 45% active in the absence of salt	693640
NH4+	Cryptococcus flavus	-	activates	717552
Ni2+	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 1.23fold activation	677634
Ni2+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	measured activity about 80�90%	681349
Ni2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 100% relative activity	693478
Pb2+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, slight activation	393421
Pb2+	Vibrio sp.	-	activates slightly	664782
Pb2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 101% and 87% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902
Pb2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 91% relative activity	693478
PO43-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	100 mM, stimulates	393404
S2O32-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	stimulates	393404
SO32-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	stimulates	393404
SO42-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	stimulates	393404
Sr2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 1.11fold activation of wild-type enzyme, no activation of mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791
Sr2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 92% relative activity	693478
Urea	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	132% relative activity at 8 mM urea for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990
WO42-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	stimulates	393404
Zn2+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, slight activation	393421
ZnCl2	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 104% relative activity	693602
MoO42-	Bacillus licheniformis	-	10-100 mM, stimulates	393404
additional information	Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	alpha-amylase I is no affected by NaNO3, BaCl2, and MgCl2	664649
additional information	Mytilus galloprovincialis	-	the enzyme is not affected by Mn2+ at 1-100 mM	664659
additional information	Lipomyces starkeyi	-	no effect by 1 mM EGTA	664980
additional information	Meretrix lusoria	-	no effect on isozymes by Ca2+	665013
additional information	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	the enzyme is poorly affected by Ca2+, Mg2+, Li+, Cu2+, Ba2+, and Mn2+	666785
additional information	Bacillus subtilis	-	the enzyme shows no requirement for metals	666829
additional information	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	does not require Ca2+ for its stability or activity; no quantitative change in the activity even at high concentrations of acrylamide, 0.05 to 0.6 mM. The addition of CsCl decreases the fluorescence quenching with no influence on enzyme activity	690494
additional information	Thermococcus sp.	-	no requirement for Ca2+	690582
additional information	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	Ca2+-independent	695695
additional information	Citrus sinensis	-	Li+ has negligible effect on activity	701763
additional information	Pyrococcus furiosus, Pyrococcus woesei	-	does not require Ca2+	701764
additional information	Bacillus mojavensis	-	activity is not stimulated by the presence of Ca2+, Fe2+, Ba2+, K+, and Mn2+; no stimulation by Ca2+, no or poor effect on activity by Mn2+, Fe2+, and K+	701769
additional information	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	Li+, Na+, K+, Co2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, and Fe3+ have no stimulatory effect on activity	701869
additional information	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	Ni2+ and Ca2+ do not stimulate the activity of AmyB	701883
additional information	Carthamus tinctorius	-	not affected by Mg2+ and Cu2+	702987
additional information	Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	isozyme Amy3 is a chloride-independent alpha-amylase	703649
additional information	Geobacillus sp.	-	not stimulated by Na+	704058
additional information	Bacillus sp.	-	the enzyme is Ca2+-independent	704059
additional information	Sitophilus zeamais	-	additional provision of Cl- (up to 30 mM NaCl) in the reaction mixture does not affect significantly the activity of alpha-amylases	704982
additional information	Bacillus sp.	-	no activation by Ca2+ or other divalent cations	717451
additional information	Aspergillus oryzae	-	no requirement for Ca2+	718351

INHIBITORS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
(NH4)2SO4	Saccharomycopsis fibuligera	-	-	393380	2D-image
1,10-phenanthroline	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 39% loss of activity of the membrane-bound enzyme	393416	2D-image
1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl-beta-D-glucose	Homo sapiens	-	mixed non-competitive inhibition, KEI: 0.0026 mM, KEIS: 0.0039 mM, tested in a concentration range of 0.04 to 0.5 mM, reduced inhibitory efficiency of the mutants W58L and Y151M with 92 and 97% remaining enzyme activity at 0.00235 mM inhibitor concentration, respectively, pH 6.0, 37�C	691113	2D-image
1-cyclohexyl-3-(morpholinyl-4-ethyl)-carbodiimide	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	40 mM, 50% inhibition after 20 min, 100 mM, 44% inhibition after 10 min in the presence of 1% starch	655083	2D-image
2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
2,4-Dinitro-1-fluorobenzene	Aspergillus oryzae	-	6 mM	393459	2D-image
2-amino-7-hydroxyphenoxazine-3-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
2-amino-7-methoxyphenoxazine-3-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
2-amino-phenoxazine-3-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
2-deoxyglucose	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	2D-image
2-hydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
2-mercaptoethanol	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM, 23% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
2-mercaptoethanol	Bacillus mojavensis	-	; 87% residual activity at 5 mM	701769	2D-image
3,5,7,4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone	Sus scrofa	-	identified in the Sysygium cumini seed extract which results in 98% inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
4-bromophenacyl bromide	Bacillus subtilis	-	complete inhibition at 4 mM	664393	2D-image
4-chloromercuribenzoate	Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	98% inhibition of isozyme alpha-amylase I at 0.5 mM	664649	2D-image
4-hydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
4-hydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
5,5'-dithiobis-[2-nitrobenzoic acid]	Tulipa gesneriana	-	10 mM, 35% inhibition	656916	2D-image
6-methoxy-benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
acacetin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 14.1% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
Acalpha indica leaf extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, 15% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
acarbose	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
acarbose	Homo sapiens	-	-	393458	2D-image
acarbose	Homo sapiens	-	binding mechanism, acarbose rearrangement mechanism implied by the kinetic and structural analysis, and potential pathways of rearrangement, enzyme-inhibitor complex crystal structure analysis	664094	2D-image
acarbose	Lipomyces starkeyi	-	-	664980	2D-image
acarbose	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 0.023 mM	666544	2D-image
acarbose	Sus scrofa	-	pH 6.5, 37�C, mixed noncompetitive inhibition, substrate: soluble amlyose	691647	2D-image
acarbose	Homo sapiens	-	0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 99.2% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
acarbose	Sus scrofa	-	-	694610	2D-image
acarbose	Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	;	703649	2D-image
acarbose	Sitophilus zeamais	-	-	704982	2D-image
acarbose	Acarus siro, Aleuroglyphus ovatus, Caloglyphus redickorzevi, Carpoglyphus lactis, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Tyroborus lini, Tyrophagus putrescentiae	-	-	707289	2D-image
acarbose	Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	Q8A1G3	a pseudotetrasaccharide inhibitor of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, binding structure, overview	718404	2D-image
acarviosine-glucose	Homo sapiens	-	binding mechanism, resistance to rearrangement, enzyme-inhibitor complex crystal structure analysis	664094	2D-image
acarviostatin I03	Sus scrofa	-	pH 6.5, 37�C, mixed noncompetitive inhibition, substrate: soluble amlyose	691647	2D-image
acarviostatin II03	Sus scrofa	-	pH 6.5, 37�C, mixed noncompetitive inhibition, substrate: soluble amlyose	691647	2D-image
acarviostatin III03	Sus scrofa	-	pH 6.5, 37�C, mixed noncompetitive inhibition, substrate: soluble amlyose	691647	2D-image
acarviostatin IV03	Sus scrofa	-	pH 6.5, 37�C, mixed noncompetitive inhibition, substrate: soluble amlyose	691647	2D-image
Aegle marmelos leaf extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, 6% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
Ag+	Brevibacillus brevis	-	weak	393374	2D-image
Ag+	Bacillus subtilis	-	2 mM, 61.2% inhibition	393379	2D-image
Ag+	Bacillus subtilis	-	5 mM AgNO3, 82% inhibition	393391	2D-image
Ag+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM AgNO3, 95% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Ag+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
Ag+	Pseudomonas sp.	-	2 mM, complete inhibition	393426	2D-image
Ag+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 50% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Ag+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM AgCl2, 77% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
Ag+	Cryptococcus sp.	-	1 mM, 51% inhibition	393456	2D-image
Ag+	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	666829, 677738	2D-image
Ag+	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	0.1 mM, 11% inhibition	677426	2D-image
Ag+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 36% relative activity	693478	2D-image
Ag2+	Vibrio sp.	-	-	664782	2D-image
Ag2+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	activity severely inhibited, indicates the role of sulfydryl group in catalysis	681349	2D-image
AgNO3	Tulipa gesneriana	-	2 mM, complete inhibition	656916	2D-image
AgNO3	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 12% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
Al3+	Bacillus subtilis	-	2 mM, 38.7% inhibition	393379	2D-image
Al3+	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393401	2D-image
Al3+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
Al3+	Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	10 mM, 90% inhibition	655358	2D-image
Al3+	Meretrix lusoria	-	complete inhibition of isozyme AI-1, nearly complete inhibition of isozyme AI-2, moderate inhibition of isozyme AII, at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
Al3+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 58% inhibition	678788	2D-image
Al3+	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	5 mM, weak inhibition	678857	2D-image
Al3+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 110% and 73% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902	2D-image
Al3+	Lactococcus lactis	-	-	717982	2D-image
AlCl3	Eleusine coracana	-	5 mM, complete inhibition	656951	2D-image
alpha-acarviosinyl-1,4-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-1,6-D-glucopyranosylidene-spiro-thiohydantoin	Homo sapiens	-	i.e. PTS-G-TH, mixed-competitive type inhibition	663880	2D-image
alpha-AI-Pc1	Hypothenemus hampei	-	alpha-amylase inhibitors from Phaseolus coccineus	680327	-
alpha-AI1	Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	alpha-amylase inhibitor 1 from cultivated Phaseolus vulgaris	665271	-
alpha-AI2	Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	alpha-amylase inhibitor 2 from wild Phaseolus vulgaris	665271	-
alpha-amylase inhibitors from Dipteryx alata seeds	Anthonomus grandis, Callosobruchus maculatus	-	-	680581	-
alpha-Cyclodextrin	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
alpha-Cyclodextrin	Hordeum vulgare	-	weak inhibition	655467	2D-image
alpha-Cyclodextrin	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	the addition of alpha-cyclodextrin (0.1% w/v) induces a very weak inhibition of the Amy1 protein activity against soluble starch	701869	2D-image
alpha-D-methylglucopyranose	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	-
alpha-D-phenylglucoside	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	-	393421	-
alphaAI-PF	Sus scrofa	-	alpha amylase inhibitor from Palo Fierro seeds	682444	-
Ammonium sulfate	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	non-competitive inhibitor at concentrations higher than 20 mM	701869	2D-image
amylase wheat inhibitor	Morimus funereus	-	-	679338	-
amylase-inhibitor	Sus scrofa	-	14 kinds of alpha-amylase inhibitors from Streptomyces sp. No. 280	393443	-
apigenin-7-glucoside	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 0.17 mM	666544	2D-image
arabitol	Aspergillus flavus	-	competitive	393371	2D-image
ATP	Thermotoga maritima	-	90% inhibition at 5 mM, reversible by addition of Ca2+ or Mg2+	663719	2D-image
Ba2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	5 mM BaCl2, 28% inhibition	393391	2D-image
Ba2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM BaCl2, 22% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Ba2+	Pichia burtonii	-	0.1 M, complete inhibition	393419	2D-image
Ba2+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM BaCl2, 40% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
Ba2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII	665013	2D-image
Ba2+	Bacillus sp.	-	strong inhibition of isozyme BAA	666783	2D-image
Ba2+	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	0.1 mM, 60% inhibition	677426	2D-image
Ba2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 23% inhibition of wild-type enzyme, 28% inhibition of mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791	2D-image
Ba2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 104% and 95% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902	2D-image
Ba2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 29% relative activity	693478	2D-image
Ba2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	80% residual activity at 10 mM	704058	2D-image
BaCl2	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 16% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
BaCl2	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 25% relative activity	693602	2D-image
Bay e4609	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
Benzene	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	10%, 40% inhibition	677634	2D-image
benzoxazolin-2(3H)-one	Lepidium sativum	-	-	718035	2D-image
beta-cyclodextrin	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
beta-cyclodextrin	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	2D-image
beta-cyclodextrin	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	the addition of beta-cyclodextrin (0.1% w/v) induces a very weak inhibition of the Amy1 protein activity against soluble starch	701869	2D-image
betulinic acid	Sus scrofa	-	identified in the Sysygium cumini seed extract which results in 98% inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	2D-image
Bi2+	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	0.5 mM BiOCl2, 16% inhibition	393394	2D-image
butanol	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	10%, 80% inhibition	677634	2D-image
Ca2+	Aspergillus flavus	-	0.01 M CaCl2, 3% loss of activity after 1 h, in presence of 0.01 M Na2-EDTA, complete inactivation after 1 h	393371	2D-image
Ca2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM CaCl2, 21% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Ca2+	Aspergillus awamori	-	10 mM CaCl2, inhibition of enzyme form Amyl II and Amyl III, no inhibition of enzyme form Amyl I	393450	2D-image
Ca2+	Bacillus sp.	-	1 mM, 25-30% inhibition between pH 8.0 and 10.0	654254	2D-image
Ca2+	Thermotoga maritima	-	added alone Ca2+ is inhibitory	663719	2D-image
Ca2+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	664481	2D-image
Ca2+	Bacillus sp.	-	strong inhibition of isozyme BAA	666783	2D-image
Ca2+	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	5 mM, weak inhibition	678857	2D-image
Ca2+	Citrus sinensis	-	about 80% relative activity at 10 mM Ca2+	701763	2D-image
Ca2+	Bacillus mojavensis	-	-	701769	2D-image
Ca2+	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	40% residual activity at 20 mM Ca2+ for midgut alpha-amylase and 46% residual activity at 10 mM Ca2+ for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990	2D-image
Ca2+	Bacillus sp.	-	-	717670	2D-image
Ca2+	Glycine max	-	calcium stabilizes the conformation of alpha-amylase and also involved in substrate binding, but inhibits enzyme activity	718200	2D-image
CaCl2	Vigna angularis	-	inhibition above 100 mM, approx. 50% inhibition at 500 mM	655034	2D-image
CaCl2	Cryptococcus flavus	-	4 mM, 30% inhibition	655632	2D-image
CaCl2	Morimus funereus	-	above 0.1 mM	679338	2D-image
caffeic acid	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 4.8 mM	666544	2D-image
caffeic acid	Sus scrofa	-	mixed-type inhibition, almost all activities of isozymes PPA-I and PPA-II are lost in the presence of 4 mM	704143	2D-image
catechin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavonol, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 13.1% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
Cd2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	2 mM, 43% inhibition	393379	2D-image
Cd2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
Cd2+	Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	1 mM CdSO4, 82% inhibition	393425	2D-image
Cd2+	Pseudomonas sp.	-	2 mM, 65% inhibition	393426	2D-image
Cd2+	Bacillus sp.	-	1 mM, 91% inhibition	393431	2D-image
Cd2+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 40% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Cd2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	complete inhibition of isozyme AII, high inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and moderate of AI-2, at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
Cd2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 33% inhibition of wild-type enzyme, 48% inhibition of mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791	2D-image
Cd2+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, complete inhibition	678788	2D-image
CdCl2	Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	30 mM, 95% inhibition	656677	2D-image
CdCl2	Eleusine coracana	-	5 mM, 14% inhibition; 5 mM, 38% inhibition; 5 mM, 43% inhibition	656951	2D-image
CH2ICOOH	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, complete inhibition	678788	2D-image
chlorogenic acid	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 1.4 mM	666544	2D-image
chlorogenic acid	Sus scrofa	-	5-caffeoylquinic acid, mixed-type inhibition, complete inhibition of isozymes PPA-I is observed at 1.5 mM and that of isozyme PPA-II is at 2.0 mM	704143	2D-image
Citric acid	Micrococcus luteus	-	25 mM, 54% inhibition	393464	2D-image
Cl-	Homo sapiens	-	above 100 mM	393396	2D-image
Cl-	Callosobruchus chinensis	-	-	393436	2D-image
Co2+	Bacillus circulans	-	-	171741	2D-image
Co2+	Brevibacillus brevis	-	weak	393374	2D-image
Co2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	5 mM, 16% inhibition	393391	2D-image
Co2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM CoCl2, 91% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Co2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
Co2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	393429	2D-image
Co2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	slight	393430	2D-image
Co2+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 17% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Co2+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM CoCl2, 65% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
Co2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight activation of isozyme AI-2, slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AII	665013	2D-image
Co2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 92% and 93% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902	2D-image
Co2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 23% relative activity	693478	2D-image
Co2+	Bacillus mojavensis	-	; 16% residual activity at 5 mM	701769	2D-image
Co2+	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	complete inhibition at 1 mM	701883	2D-image
Co2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	70% residual activity at 10 mM	704058	2D-image
Co2+	Lactococcus lactis	-	-	717982	2D-image
Co2+	Glycine max	-	-	718200	2D-image
CoCl2	Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	30 mM, 50% inhibition	656677	2D-image
CoCl2	Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	21% inhibition of isozyme alpha-amylase I at 0.5 mM, 29% at 5 mM	664649	2D-image
CoCl2	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 22% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
corosolic acid	Sus scrofa	-	triterpene acid isolated from Lagerstroemia speciosa leaves, weak inhibitory activity	694610	2D-image
Cr2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	393429	2D-image
Cs+	Talaromyces emersonii	-	5 mM, 32% loss of activity	393375	2D-image
Cs2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 89% relative activity	693478	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus circulans	-	-	171741	2D-image
Cu2+	Fusidium sp.	-	1 mM, 28% inhibition	393365	2D-image
Cu2+	Brevibacillus brevis	-	weak	393374	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	2 mM, almost complete inhibition	393379	2D-image
Cu2+	Clostridium butyricum	-	-	393383	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	5 mM CuSO4, 16% inhibition	393391	2D-image
Cu2+	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393401	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM CuSO4, complete inhibition	393403	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
Cu2+	Calvatia gigantea	-	-	393407	2D-image
Cu2+	Pichia burtonii	-	0.1 M, complete inhibition	393419	2D-image
Cu2+	Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	1 mM CuSO4, 82% inhibition	393425	2D-image
Cu2+	Pseudomonas sp.	-	2 mM, complete inhibition	393426	2D-image
Cu2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	393429	2D-image
Cu2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	5 mM, complete inhibition	393430	2D-image
Cu2+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 67% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Cu2+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM CuCl2, 28% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
Cu2+	Aspergillus awamori	-	10 mM, strong inhibition of enzyme form Amyl I, Amyl II and Amyl III	393450	2D-image
Cu2+	Cryptococcus sp.	-	1 mM, 52% inhibition	393456	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacteria	-	1 mM, 99% loss of activity	393472	2D-image
Cu2+	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	5 mM, 90% inhibition	655083	2D-image
Cu2+	Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	10 mM, 49% inhibition	655358	2D-image
Cu2+	Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632, 703059	2D-image
Cu2+	Vibrio sp.	-	-	664782	2D-image
Cu2+	Lipomyces starkeyi	-	-	664980	2D-image
Cu2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	nearly complete inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	strong inhibition	665150	2D-image
Cu2+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	665151	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus sp.	-	strong inhibition of isozyme BAA	666783	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	666829	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 55% inhibition of wild-type enzyme, 49% inhibition of mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791	2D-image
Cu2+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 58% inhibition	678788	2D-image
Cu2+	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	5 mM, complete inhibition	678857	2D-image
Cu2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 36% and 64% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902	2D-image
Cu2+	Anoxybacillus amylolyticus	-	addition to growth medium in logarithmic phase, maximum inhibition of about 70-80% of enzyme expression at 0.47 mM. Addition to enzyme assay, 38.2% inhibition at 1.5 mM	695097	2D-image
Cu2+	Citrus sinensis	-	7% residual activity at 2 mM	701763	2D-image
Cu2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	complete inhibition at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874	2D-image
Cu2+	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	52.2% residual activity at 1 mM	701883	2D-image
Cu2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	86% residual activity at 10 mM	704058	2D-image
Cu2+	Cryptococcus flavus	-	complete inhibition at 4 mM	717552	2D-image
Cu2+	Bacillus sp.	-	-	717670	2D-image
CuCl2	Scytalidium thermophilum	-	10 mM, 95% inhibition	654300	2D-image
CuCl2	Eleusine coracana	-	5 mM, 88% inhibition; 5 mM, 89% inhibition; 5 mM, 94% inhibition	656951	2D-image
CuCl2	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 26% relative activity	693602	2D-image
cupafolin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 99.4% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
CuSO4	Cryptococcus flavus	-	4 mM, complete inhibition	655632	2D-image
CuSO4	Tulipa gesneriana	-	2 mM, 33% inhibition	656916	2D-image
CuSO4	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 25% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
CuSO4	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	2 mM, pH 6.5, 50�C, 50% relative activity	691914	2D-image
Cyclomaltoheptaose	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	-	393421	2D-image
Cyclomaltohexaose	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	-	393421	2D-image
cynarin	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is above 2.0 mM	666544	2D-image
D-gluconic acid lactone	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	2D-image
D-glucosamine	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	2D-image
daidzein	Homo sapiens	-	a isoflavone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 23.3% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
Dextran	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1%, 20% inhibition	677634	2D-image
dihydrocaffeic acid	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is above 14.0 mM	666544	2D-image
diisopropyl fluorophosphate	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 34% inhibition of the membrane-bound enzyme	393416	2D-image
diosmetin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 19.2% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
dithiothreitol	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 50% inhibition	677634	2D-image
dithiothreitol	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	inhibits the enzyme activity at concentrations higher than 80 mM	701869	2D-image
dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	2.5 mM, approx. 40% inhibition at 60�C	654220	2D-image
dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide	Bacillus licheniformis	-	2.5 mM, approx. 20% inhibition at 60�C	654220	2D-image
DTNB	Meretrix lusoria	-	inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
DTNB	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, complete inhibition	678788	2D-image
EDTA	Thermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus	-	reverses stimulation by Ca2+	136410	2D-image
EDTA	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	393366, 393406, 678862	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393366, 393406	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus subtilis	-	0.1 mM, 61.3% inhibition	393379	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus licheniformis	-	resistant at 30�C, inhibition at 90�C, inhibition is partially recovered by Cu2+ or Fe2+	393404	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus sp., Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	-	393406	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus subtilis	-	10 mM, 67% inhibition	393416	2D-image
EDTA	Pichia burtonii	-	-	393419	2D-image
EDTA	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	0.01 M, 58% loss of activity	393421	2D-image
EDTA	Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	inhibition is completely nullified by Ca2+	393425	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus sp.	-	10 mM, 90% inhibition	393431	2D-image
EDTA	Callosobruchus chinensis	-	-	393436	2D-image
EDTA	Corallococcus coralloides	-	5 M, 32% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
EDTA	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM, 85% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus sp.	-	no effect	393451	2D-image
EDTA	Micrococcus luteus	-	25 mM, 92% inhibition	393464	2D-image
EDTA	Kocuria varians	-	-	393465	2D-image
EDTA	Bacteria	-	-	393472	2D-image
EDTA	Ascaris suum	-	0.05 mM, 64% inhibition of intestine alpha-amylase, complete inhibition of muscle alpha-amylase	654030	2D-image
EDTA	Vigna angularis	-	10 mM, 5% inactivation after 5 min, complete inactivation after 4 h	655034	2D-image
EDTA	Tulipa gesneriana	-	2 mM, 25% inhibition	656916	2D-image
EDTA	Thermotoga maritima	-	complete inhibition at 0.1 mM, reversible by addition of Ca2+ or Mg2+	663719	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus subtilis	-	nearly complete inhibition at 1 mM	664393	2D-image
EDTA	Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	92% inhibition of isozyme alpha-amylase I at 1 mM	664649	2D-image
EDTA	Vibrio sp.	-	-	664782	2D-image
EDTA	Meretrix lusoria	-	strong inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
EDTA	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 36% inhibition	677634	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus subtilis	-	50 mM, abolished 50% of the activity	677738	2D-image
EDTA	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 57% inhibition	678788	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, complete loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	50% of the activity abolished in presence of 50 mM EDTA	681349	2D-image
EDTA	Nocardiopsis sp.	-	5 mM, 15% inhibition	681739	2D-image
EDTA	Vigna radiata	-	-	682295	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	80% of the enzyme activity is lost when the enzyme is incubated with 10 mM EDTA, indicating the enzyme is a metalloenzyme, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	2D-image
EDTA	Vigna radiata	-	a distinct decrease of enzyme activity. The activity can not be regained after the addition of excess CaCl2, demonstrating the irreversibility of inactivation	691330	2D-image
EDTA	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	AmyUS100DELTAG retains 40 and 25% of its original activity at 40 and 60�C, respectively, when incubated with 200 mM of EDTA, compared to 12 and 0% for AmyUS100	691421	2D-image
EDTA	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 98% and 76% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902	2D-image
EDTA	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5, 10, and 20 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 95% relative activity, enzyme is not sensitive to chelating agent, probably not a metalloenzyme	693602	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus mojavensis	-	12% residual activity at 5 mM; BMA.2 belongs to the EDTA-sensitive alpha-amylases	701769	2D-image
EDTA	Geobacillus sp.	-	10% residual activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874	2D-image
EDTA	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	37% residual activity at 4 mM EDTA for midgut alpha-amylase and 30% residual activity at 4 mM EDTA for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990	2D-image
EDTA	Geobacillus sp.	-	21% residual activity at 10 mM, alpha-amylase is completely inactivated after 6 min of incubation at 80�C in the presence of 5 mM EDTA	704058	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus sp.	-	85% residual activity at 10 mM EDTA	704059	2D-image
EDTA	Glycine max	-	-	718200	2D-image
EDTA	Penicillium brevicompactum	-	-	718308	2D-image
EGTA	Bacillus subtilis	-	10 mM, 53% inhibition of the membrane-bound enzyme	393416	2D-image
EGTA	Bacillus sp.	-	10 mM, 91% inhibition	393431	2D-image
EGTA	Thermotoga maritima	-	complete inhibition at 0.1 mM, reversible by addition of Ca2+ or Mg2+	663719	2D-image
EGTA	Vibrio sp.	-	-	664782	2D-image
EGTA	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5, 10, and 20 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 100% relative activity, enzyme is not sensitive to chelating agent, probably not a metalloenzyme	693602	2D-image
epicatechin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavonol, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 10.3% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
Erythritol	Aspergillus flavus	-	competitive	393371	2D-image
ethanol	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	10%, 36% inhibition	677634	2D-image
ethyl caffeate	Homo sapiens	-	pH 7.0	691795	2D-image
ethylene glycol	Aspergillus flavus	-	-	393371	2D-image
F-	Tenebrio molitor	-	10 mM	393423	2D-image
Fe2+	Bacillus circulans	-	-	171741	2D-image
Fe2+	Brevibacillus brevis	-	strong	393374	2D-image
Fe2+	Clostridium butyricum	-	-	393383	2D-image
Fe2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	5 mM FeSO4, 71% inhibition	393391	2D-image
Fe2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM FeSO4, 91% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Fe2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
Fe2+	Pichia burtonii	-	0.1 M, complete inhibition	393419	2D-image
Fe2+	Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	10 mM, 86% inhibition	393425	2D-image
Fe2+	Pseudomonas sp.	-	2 mM, 49% inhibition	393426	2D-image
Fe2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	393429	2D-image
Fe2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	slight	393430	2D-image
Fe2+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 47% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Fe2+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM FeCl2, 38% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
Fe2+	Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632	2D-image
Fe2+	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	-	663786	2D-image
Fe2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	90% inhibition at 1-5 mM	666785	2D-image
Fe2+	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	0.1 mM, 23% inhibition	677426	2D-image
Fe2+	Fusicoccum sp.	-	2 mM, complete inhibition	678799	2D-image
Fe2+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	678862	2D-image
Fe2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 68% and 24% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902	2D-image
Fe2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 81% relative activity	693478	2D-image
Fe2+	Carthamus tinctorius	-	complete inhibition at 5 and 10 mM	702987	2D-image
Fe2+	Lactococcus lactis	-	-	717982	2D-image
Fe3+	Bacillus subtilis	-	2 mM, almost complete inhibition	393379	2D-image
Fe3+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 51% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Fe3+	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	5 mM, 90% inhibition	655083	2D-image
Fe3+	Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	10 mM, 92% inhibition	655358	2D-image
Fe3+	Meretrix lusoria	-	complete inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
Fe3+	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	0.1 mM, 45% inhibition	677426	2D-image
Fe3+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	678862	2D-image
Fe3+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 57% relative activity	693478	2D-image
Fe3+	Geobacillus sp.	-	10% residual activity at 10 mM	704058	2D-image
Fe3+	Penicillium brevicompactum	-	-	718308	2D-image
FeCl2	Eleusine coracana	-	5 mM, complete inhibition	656951	2D-image
FeCl2	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 85% relative activity	693602	2D-image
FeCl3	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 21% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
ferulic acid	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is above 5.0 mM	666544	2D-image
FeSO4	Cryptococcus flavus	-	4 mM, 80% inhibition	655632	2D-image
FeSO4	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 86% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
FeSO4	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	2 mM, pH 6.5, 50�C, 47% relative activity	691914	2D-image
fisetin	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 0.44 mM	666544	2D-image
fisetin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavonol, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 85.6% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
gamma-Cyclodextrin	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	the addition of gamma-cyclodextrin (0.1% w/v) induces a very weak inhibition of the Amy1 protein activity against soluble starch	701869	2D-image
genistein	Homo sapiens	-	a isoflavone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 25.1% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
genkwarin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 17.5% maximum inhibition	693546	-
glucopyranosylidene-spiro-thiohydantoin	Homo sapiens	-	i.e. G-TH, mixed-competitive type inhibition	663880	2D-image
glucose	Fusicoccum sp.	-	1 M, 34% inhibition. No inhibition up to 0.25 M	678799	2D-image
Glutardialdehyde	Corallococcus coralloides	-	0.4%, 57% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
glycerol	Aspergillus flavus	-	competitive	393371	2D-image
glycerol	Ascaris suum	-	0.05 mM, 68% inhibition of intestine alpha-amylase	654030	2D-image
glycerol	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1%, 26% inhibition	677634	2D-image
glycine	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	2%, 20% inhibition	677634	2D-image
Guanidine hydrochloride	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	0.05 to 0.6 mM, as the concentraion is increased, the loss of of the whole conformational structure occurs and the relative activity decreases from 80% at 0.05 mM to 29% at 0.6 mM compared to the control, pH 8.0, 100�C	690494	2D-image
Gymnema sylvestre leaf extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, 3% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
hesperetin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavanone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 39.8% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
Hg+	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	5 mM, complete inhibition	678857	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus circulans	-	-	171741	2D-image
Hg2+	Fusidium sp.	-	1 mM, 66% inhibition	393365	2D-image
Hg2+	Talaromyces emersonii	-	5 mM, 64% loss of activity	393375	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	2 mM, almost complete inhibition	393379	2D-image
Hg2+	Clostridium butyricum	-	2 mM, complete inhibition	393383	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	5 mM HgCl2, 98% inhibition	393391	2D-image
Hg2+	Aspergillus awamori	-	1 mM HgCl2, 89.5% inhibition	393393	2D-image
Hg2+	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	0.5 mM HgCl2, 60% inhibition	393394	2D-image
Hg2+	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393401	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM HgCl2, 99% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	partially reversed by Cys	393404	2D-image
Hg2+	Calvatia gigantea	-	-	393407	2D-image
Hg2+	Pichia burtonii	-	0.1 M, 98% inhibition	393419	2D-image
Hg2+	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	5 mM, 85% inhibition	393421	2D-image
Hg2+	Pseudomonas sp.	-	2 mM, complete inhibition	393426	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus sp.	-	1 mM, complete inhibition	393431	2D-image
Hg2+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 82% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Hg2+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM HgCl2, 88% inhibition	393446	2D-image
Hg2+	Aspergillus awamori	-	10 mM, strong inhibition of enzyme form Amyl I, Amyl II and Amyl III	393450	2D-image
Hg2+	Cryptococcus sp.	-	1 mM, 25% inhibition	393456	2D-image
Hg2+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	0.3 mM	393459	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacteria	-	1 mM, complete inactivation	393472	2D-image
Hg2+	Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	10 mM, 98% inhibition	655358	2D-image
Hg2+	Cryptococcus flavus	-	-	655632, 703059	2D-image
Hg2+	Vibrio sp.	-	-	664782	2D-image
Hg2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	complete inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	strong inhibition	665150	2D-image
Hg2+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	665151	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	complete inhibition at 5 mM, 94% inhibition at 1 mM	666785	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	666829, 677738	2D-image
Hg2+	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, complete inhibition	677634	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, complete inhibition of wild-type enzyme and mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791	2D-image
Hg2+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 55% inhibition	678788	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	activity severely inhibited, indicates the role of sulfydryl group in catalysis	681349	2D-image
Hg2+	Nocardiopsis sp.	-	5 mM, 28% inhibition	681739	2D-image
Hg2+	Vigna radiata	-	-	682295	2D-image
Hg2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 35% and 31% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902	2D-image
Hg2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 44% relative activity	693478	2D-image
Hg2+	Anoxybacillus amylolyticus	-	addition to growth medium in logarithmic phase, 0.025 mM, no enzyme expression. Addition to enzyme assay, 69% inhibition at 0.5 mM	695097	2D-image
Hg2+	Citrus sinensis	-	complete inhibition at 2 mM	701763	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus mojavensis	-	; complete inhibition at 5 mM	701769	2D-image
Hg2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	complete inhibition at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874	2D-image
Hg2+	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	complete inhibition at 1 mM	701883	2D-image
Hg2+	Bacillus sp.	-	complete inhibition at 5 and 10 mM	704059	2D-image
Hg2+	Cryptococcus flavus	-	complete inhibition at 4 mM	717552	2D-image
Hg2+	Lactococcus lactis	-	-	717982	2D-image
HgCl2	Scytalidium thermophilum	-	10 mM, complete inhibition	654300	2D-image
HgCl2	Cryptococcus flavus	-	4 mM, 71% inhibition	655632	2D-image
HgCl2	Tulipa gesneriana	-	2 mM, complete inhibition	656916	2D-image
HgCl2	Eleusine coracana	-	5 mM, complete inhibition	656951	2D-image
HgCl2	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 95% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
inhibitor from Amaranthus hybrid	Tecia solanivora	-	no effect on alpha-amlyase at pH 6.0, but high inhibitory effect with maximal 80% at pH 9.0, 50�C	691567	-
inhibitor from Phaseolus coccineus 35619	Tecia solanivora	-	no effect at pH 9.0, inhibits the enzyme activity up to 78% at pH 6.0, 50�C	691567	-
inhibitor from Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Radical	Tecia solanivora	-	no effect at pH 9.0, inhibits the enzyme activity up to 87% at pH 6.0, 50�C	691567	-
iodoacetate	Bacillus licheniformis	-	around 100 mM	393404	2D-image
iodoacetate	Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	-	393425	2D-image
iodoacetate	Bacillus sp.	-	0.5 mM, 98% inhibition	393431	2D-image
iodoacetate	Callosobruchus chinensis	-	-	393436	2D-image
iodoacetate	Kocuria varians	-	-	393465	2D-image
iodoacetate	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 60% inhibition	677634	2D-image
iodoacetic acid	Ascaris suum	-	0.05 mM, complete inhibition of intestine and muscle alpha-amylase	654030	2D-image
iodoacetic acid	Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	88% inhibition of isozyme alpha-amylase I at 0.5 mM	664649	2D-image
iodoacetic acid	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
iodoacetic acid	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	5 mM	678857	2D-image
isoacarbose	Homo sapiens	-	binding mechanism, resistance to rearrangement, enzyme-inhibitor complex crystal structure analysis, binding highly perturbs catalytic residue D300	664094	2D-image
isochlorogenic acid	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 0.56 mM	666544	2D-image
Isopanitol	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393401	2D-image
isorhamnetin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavonol, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 35.4% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
K+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	664481	2D-image
K+	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AII, slight inhibition of isozyme AI-2	665013	2D-image
K+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 23% inhibition	678788	2D-image
K+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	inhibits enzyme activity, 60 and 42% relative activity with 5 and 10 mM K+, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	2D-image
K+	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	78% residual activity at 40 mM K+ for midgut alpha-amylase	702990	2D-image
K+	Penicillium brevicompactum	-	-	718308	2D-image
Kaempferol	Homo sapiens	-	a flavonol, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 34.5% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
KCN	Micrococcus luteus	-	25 mM, 70% inhibition	393464	2D-image
KI	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	0.05 to 0.6 mM, with 88% relative enzyme activity at 0.05 M decreasing to 42% at 0.6 mM compared to the control, also loss of fluorescence intensity, pH 8.0, 100�C	690494	2D-image
KSCN	Aspergillus niger	-	500 mM, the reaction rate of acid-stable amylase decreases	680956	2D-image
L-Cys	Micrococcus luteus	-	25 mM, 26% inhibition	393464	2D-image
lauryl sulfobetaine	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	2.5 mM, approx. 30% inhibition at 60�C	654220	2D-image
lauryl sulfobetaine	Bacillus licheniformis	-	2.5 mM, approx. 20% inhibition at 60�C	654220	2D-image
Li+	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight activation of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, slight inhibition of isozyme AII	665013	2D-image
Limonia acidissimia seed extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, 20% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
linear alkylbenzene sulfonate	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	mutant M197A, concentration of 10% incubation at 60�C for 1 h, 71% residual relative activity, assay at 80�C and pH 5.6	691421	2D-image
luteolin	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 0.17 mM	666544	2D-image
luteolin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 88.8% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
luteolin-7-glucoside	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 0.28 mM	666544	2D-image
maltitol	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
maltopentaose	Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	30 mM, 51% inhibition	656677	2D-image
maltose	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
maltose	Aspergillus awamori	-	uncompetitive inhibition	393393	2D-image
maltose	Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	product inhibition, the active site able to accomodate larger inhibitory complxes, resulting in a mixed type inhibition of starch hydrolysis	666079	2D-image
maltose	Fusicoccum sp.	-	0.25 M, 69% inhibition	678799	2D-image
maltose	Phlebotomus papatasi	-	86.2% relative inhibition, three concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 mM tested	679943	2D-image
maltose	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	non-competitive inhibitor at concentrations higher than 20 mM	701869	2D-image
maltotetraose	Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	30 mM, 51% inhibition	656677	2D-image
maltotriitol	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393401	2D-image
maltotriose	Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	30 mM, 42% inhibition	656677	2D-image
mannitol	Aspergillus flavus	-	competitive	393371	2D-image
methanol	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	20%, 45% inhibition	677634	2D-image
Mg2+	Brevibacillus brevis	-	weak	393374	2D-image
Mg2+	Clostridium butyricum	-	-	393383	2D-image
Mg2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM MgSO4, 18% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Mg2+	Pichia burtonii	-	0.1 M, 9% inhibition	393419	2D-image
Mg2+	Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	10 mM MgCl2, 86% inhibition	393425	2D-image
Mg2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	393429	2D-image
Mg2+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM MgCl2, 30% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
Mg2+	Thermotoga maritima	-	added alone Mg2+ is inhibitory	663719	2D-image
Mg2+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	664481	2D-image
Mg2+	Bacillus sp.	-	strong inhibition of isozyme BAA	666783	2D-image
Mg2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 11% inhibition of wild-type enzyme, 5% inhibition of mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791	2D-image
Mg2+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 13% inhibition	678788	2D-image
Mg2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	shows no significant effect with 5 mM Mg2+, 92% relative activity, lead to inhibition with 10 mM, 48% relative activity, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	2D-image
Mg2+	Citrus sinensis	-	82% residual activity at 2 mM	701763	2D-image
Mg2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	67% residual activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874	2D-image
Mg2+	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	69.4% residual activity at 1 mM	701883	2D-image
Mg2+	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	26% residual activity at 5 mM Mg2+ for midgut alpha-amylase and 28% residual activity at 10 mM Mg2+ for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990	2D-image
Mg2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	40% residual activity at 10 mM	704058	2D-image
Mg2+	Cryptococcus flavus	-	11% inhibition at 4 mM	717552	2D-image
Mg2+	Bacillus sp.	-	-	717670	2D-image
Mg2+	Lactococcus lactis	-	-	717982	2D-image
Mg2+	Glycine max	-	-	718200	2D-image
Mg2+	Penicillium brevicompactum	-	-	718308	2D-image
MgSO4	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	2 mM, pH 6.5, 50�C, 75% relative activity	691914	2D-image
Mn2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	2 mM, almost complete inhibition	393379	2D-image
Mn2+	Clostridium butyricum	-	-	393383	2D-image
Mn2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM MnCl2, 73% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Mn2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
Mn2+	Pichia burtonii	-	0.1 M, 85% inhibition	393419	2D-image
Mn2+	Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	1 mM MnSO4, 84% inhibition	393425	2D-image
Mn2+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM, 55% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
Mn2+	Bacillus sp.	-	1 mM, 20% inhibition	654254	2D-image
Mn2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	complete inhibition at 1 mM	664393	2D-image
Mn2+	Bacillus sp.	-	strong inhibition of isozyme BAA	666783	2D-image
Mn2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 20% inhibition of wild-type enzyme, 15% inhibition of mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791	2D-image
Mn2+	Fusicoccum sp.	-	2 mM, about 70% inhibition	678799	2D-image
Mn2+	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	5 mM, complete inhibition	678857	2D-image
Mn2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	inhibits enzyme activity, 50 and 21% relative activity with 5 and 10 mM Mn2+, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	2D-image
Mn2+	Citrus sinensis	-	12% residual activity at 2 mM	701763	2D-image
Mn2+	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	complete inhibition at 1 mM	701883	2D-image
Mn2+	Cryptococcus flavus	-	22% inhibition at 4 mM	717552	2D-image
Mn2+	Lactococcus lactis	-	-	717982	2D-image
MnCl2	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 46% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
MnCl2	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	2 mM, pH 6.5, 50�C, 40% relative activity	691914	2D-image
MnCl2	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 44% relative activity	693602	2D-image
montbretin A	Homo sapiens	-	glycosylated acyl-flavonols, originally isolated from an extract of Crocosmia crocosmiiflora, measured in the presence and in the absence of 5 mM dithiothreitol, competitive inhibitor, more effective than montbretin B and C due to its free meta-hydroxyl group of the cinnamic acid moiety	691795	2D-image
montbretin B	Homo sapiens	-	glycosylated acyl-flavonols, originally isolated from an extract of Crocosmia crocosmiiflora, less effective than montbretin A due to the hydroxy group of montbretin A in the cinnamic acid moiety, respnsible for the tight binding	691795	2D-image
Moringa oleifera leaf extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, 16% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
Myricetin	Homo sapiens	-	pH 7.0	691795	2D-image
Myricetin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavonol, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 79% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
N-Acetylimidazole	Aspergillus oryzae	-	6 mM	393459	2D-image
N-alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 22% loss of the activity of the membrane-bound enzyme	393416	2D-image
N-bromosuccinimide	Brevibacillus brevis	-	strong	393374	2D-image
N-bromosuccinimide	Bacillus sp.	-	0.1 mM, complete inhibition	393431	2D-image
N-bromosuccinimide	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393448	2D-image
N-bromosuccinimide	Aspergillus oryzae	-	6 mM	393459	2D-image
N-bromosuccinimide	Thermomyces lanuginosus	-	1 mM, complete inhibition after 5 min	655083	2D-image
N-bromosuccinimide	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	1 mM	678857	2D-image
N-bromosuccinimide	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	in the presence of 14 mM N-bromosuccinimide alpha-helix content and alpha-amlyase gt activity decrease with no observable change in beta-sheets, pH 8.0, 100�C	690494	2D-image
N-ethylmaleimide	Tulipa gesneriana	-	10 mM, 22% inhibition	656916	2D-image
N-ethylmaleimide	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, complete inhibition	677634	2D-image
n-hexane	Cardamine battagliae	-	-	682078	2D-image
Na+	Aspergillus oryzae	-	-	664481	2D-image
Na+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	alpha-amylase in 1 M NaCl and 5 mM NaCl retains 73% and 43% of its original activity after 24 h at 4�C, respectively	678862	2D-image
Na+	Bacillus mojavensis	-	; 86% residual activity at 5 mM	701769	2D-image
Na+	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	25% residual activity at 5 mM Na+ for midgut alpha-amylase and 32% residual activity at 5 mM Na+ for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990	2D-image
Na2-EDTA	Aspergillus flavus	-	0.01 M, 1% loss of activity after 1 h, in presence of 0.01 M CaCl2, complete inactivation after 1 h	393371	2D-image
NaCl	Thermotoga maritima	-	50% inhibition at 50 mM	663719	2D-image
NaCl	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	the enzyme retains 63% and 40% of its original activity after 24 h at 4�C, when NaCl concentration is 3 M and 5 M, respectively	677426	2D-image
NaCl	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	83% of the initial activity remains in 2 M NaCl	678857	2D-image
Naringenin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavanone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 26.9% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
NEM	Callosobruchus chinensis	-	-	393436	2D-image
NEM	Meretrix lusoria	-	inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
Ni2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	5 mM NiCl2, 52% inhibition	393391	2D-image
Ni2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM NiCl2, 91% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Ni2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
Ni2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	slight inhibition	393430	2D-image
Ni2+	Bacillus sp.	-	1 mM, 82% inhibition	393431	2D-image
Ni2+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 37% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Ni2+	Lactobacillus manihotivorans	-	10 mM, 59% inhibition	655358	2D-image
Ni2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	complete inhibition at 1 mM	664393	2D-image
Ni2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	high inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII	665013	2D-image
Ni2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 23% inhibition of wild-type enzyme, 24% inhibition of mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791	2D-image
Ni2+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 42% inhibition	678788	2D-image
Ni2+	Fusicoccum sp.	-	2 mM, about 15% inhibition	678799	2D-image
Ni2+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	678862	2D-image
Ni2+	Anoxybacillus amylolyticus	-	addition to growth medium in logarithmic phase, maximum inhibition of enzyme expression of about 70-80% at 0.85 mM. Addition to enzyme assay, 11.5% inhibition at 1.5 mM	695097	2D-image
Ni2+	Citrus sinensis	-	73% residual activity at 2 mM	701763	2D-image
Ni2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	60% residual activity at 10 mM	704058	2D-image
Ni2+	Bacillus sp.	-	-	717670	2D-image
NiCl2	Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	30 mM, 39% inhibition	656677	2D-image
NiSO4	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 79% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
O-4,6-dideoxy-4-{[4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]amino}-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-D-glucose	Hordeum vulgare	-	trivial name acarbose, uncompetitive inhibition vs. amylose and maltodextrin, mixed noncompetitive inhibition vs. maltoheptaose	655467	2D-image
p-chloromercuribenzoate	Ascaris suum	-	0.05 mM, 52% inhibition of intestine alpha-amylase, 68% inhibition of muscle alpha-amylase	654030	2D-image
p-hydroxymercuribenzoate	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	677738	2D-image
p-hydroxymercurybenzoate	Bacillus subtilis	A8VWC5	activity severely inhibited, indicates the role of sulfydryl group in catalysis	681349	2D-image
Panitol	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393401	2D-image
Pb2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	2 mM, 38% inhibition	393379	2D-image
Pb2+	Aspergillus awamori	-	potent inhibition	393393	2D-image
Pb2+	Pseudomonas sp.	-	2 mM, 53% inhibition	393426	2D-image
Pb2+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 48% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Pb2+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM, 50% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
Pb2+	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	0.1 mM, 11% inhibition	677426	2D-image
Pb2+	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	5 mM, 80% inhibition	677634	2D-image
Pb2+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 45% inhibition	678788	2D-image
Pb2+	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	5 mM, complete inhibition	678857	2D-image
Pb2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 101% and 87% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902	2D-image
PbCl2	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 35% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
PCMB	Bacillus caldovelox	-	-	393368	2D-image
PCMB	Clostridium butyricum	-	0.2 mM, partial	393383	2D-image
PCMB	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	-	393401	2D-image
PCMB	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
PCMB	Bacillus sp.	-	0.5 mM, 20% inhibition	393431	2D-image
PCMB	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM, 92% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
phenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoride	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, 70% inhibition	677634	2D-image
phenylmercuric acetate	Bacillus caldovelox	-	-	393368	2D-image
PHMB	Bacillus caldovelox	-	-	393368	2D-image
PHMB	Pichia burtonii	-	-	393419	2D-image
PHMB	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393448	2D-image
PMSF	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 14% loss of activity of the membrane-bound enzyme	393416	2D-image
PMSF	Bacillus subtilis	-	complete inhibition at 1.5 mM	664393	2D-image
PMSF	Meretrix lusoria	-	inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
PMSF	Bacillus sp.	-	-	666783	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 400	Homo sapiens	-	1500 Da PEG, inhibits the enzyme activity by 14% at 0.02% w/v	664793	-
protein EDI-1	Homo sapiens	-	the alpha-amylase inhibitory fraction from Triticum dicoccon Schrank composed of emmer dimeric inhibitor 1 (EDI-1) and emmer dimeric inhibitor 2 (EDI-2) sharing very high identity levels with related proteins from Triticum aestivum	680292	-
protein EDI-2	Homo sapiens	-	the alpha-amylase inhibitory fraction from Triticum dicoccon Schrank composed of emmer dimeric inhibitor 1 (EDI-1) and emmer dimeric inhibitor 2 (EDI-2) sharing very high identity levels with related proteins from Triticum aestivum	680292	-
protein VrD1	Tenebrio molitor	-	an insecticidal plant defensin	682764	-
proteinaceous inhibitor from wheat WI-1	Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	; inhibitior of isozyme Amy2 but not Amy1	703649	-
proteinaceous inhibitor from wheat WI-3	Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	-	703649	-
Psidium guajava var. Pomiferum leaf extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, 98% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
quercetagetin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavonol, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 97.6% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
quercetin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavonol, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 82.1% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
quinic acid	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is above 13.0 mM	666544	2D-image
quinic acid	Sus scrofa	-	poor inhibitor, activities higher than 80% remain for both isozymes even in the presence of 15 mM quinic acid, while they decrease sharply when the quinic acid concentration increases from 15 to 35 mM. Complete inhibition of isozyme PPAI is given with 35.0 mM, and that of isozyme PPA-II is with 40 mM quinic acid	704143	2D-image
Rb2+	Talaromyces emersonii	-	5 mM, 30% loss of activity	393375	-
Rb2+	Nocardiopsis sp.	-	5 mM, 33% inhibition	681739	-
Rhamnetin	Homo sapiens	-	a flavonol, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 8.1% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
rice bifunctional alpha-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor	Tribolium castaneum	-	purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of the inhibitor	677355	-
rosmarinic acid	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 1.4 mM	666544	2D-image
scutellarein	Homo sapiens	-	a flavone, 0.888 mM, pH 6.0, room temperature, 98.4% maximum inhibition	693546	2D-image
SDS	Bacillus subtilis	-	90% inhibition at 20 mM, complete inhibition at 80 mM	664393	2D-image
SDS	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.5% SDS, the enzyme shows 64%, 43% and 33% activity as compared with the activity in the absence of SDS	678857	2D-image
SDS	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	retains 30 and 12% relative activity after inhibition with 5 and 10 mM SDS, respectively, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	2D-image
SDS	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	mutant M197A, concentration of 10% incubation at 60�C for 1 h, 45% residual relative activity, assay at 80�C and pH 5.6	691421	2D-image
SDS	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	2%, pH 4.0, 55�C, 11% relative activity	693602	2D-image
SDS	Bacillus mojavensis	-	; 71% residual activity at 1% (v/v)	701769	2D-image
SDS	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	non-reversible inactivation	701869	2D-image
SDS	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	25% residual activity at 2 mM SDS for midgut alpha-amylase and 49% residual activity at 4 mM SDS for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990	2D-image
SDS	Bacillus sp.	-	-	717883	2D-image
Secale cereale inhibitor	Acanthoscelides obtectus, Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	inhibitor is isolated from rye, Secale cereale, and active against alpha-amylase, dimeric crystal structure determination at 2.21 A resolution, overview	666844	-
Sinapic acid	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is above 6.7 mM	666544	2D-image
Sn2+	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	1 mM, complete inhibition	677634	2D-image
Sodium dodecyl sulfate	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	2.5 mM, approx. 60% inhibition at 60�C	654220	2D-image
Sodium dodecyl sulfate	Bacillus licheniformis	-	2.5 mM, approx. 20% inhibition at 60�C	654220	2D-image
Sodium dodecyl sulfate	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	0.2%, 58% inhibition	677634	2D-image
Sorbitol	Aspergillus flavus	-	competitive	393371	2D-image
Sr2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	5 mM SrCl2, 36% inhibition	393391	2D-image
Sr2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM SrCl2, 28% inhibition	393403	2D-image
Sr2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	slight inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII	665013	2D-image
Starch	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	concentrations above 32 g/l	677426	2D-image
Sysygium cumini seed extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, phenolics, terpenoids, and alkaloids are identified, mass spectrometry revlealed the presence of betulinic acid and 3,5,7,4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone, 98% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
Tannic acid	Sus scrofa	-	IC50 is 0.14 mM	666544	2D-image
tendamistat	Streptomyces venezuelae	-	-	393372	-
Tinospora cordifolia leaf extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, 13% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
trestatin A	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
trestatin B	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	-
Trigonella foenum graecum seed extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, 10% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
Tris	Bacillus licheniformis	-	starch-hydrolyzing activity in presence of Tris of different concentrations, pH 7.4, 37�C	694986	2D-image
Triton X-100	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	0.2%, 40% inhibition	677634	2D-image
Triton X-100	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	mutant M197A, concentration of 10% incubation at 60�C for 1 h, 71% residual relative activity, assay at 80�C and pH 5.6	691421	2D-image
Triton X-100	Bacillus mojavensis	-	; 83% residual activity at 5% (v/v)	701769	2D-image
Triton X-100	Bacillus sp.	-	-	717883	2D-image
Tween 20	Bacillus mojavensis	-	; 85% residual activity at 5% (v/v)	701769	2D-image
Tween-20	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	mutant M197A, concentration of 10% incubation at 60�C for 1 h, 94% residual relative activity, assay at 80�C and pH 5.6	691421	2D-image
Tween-20	Bacillus sp.	-	-	717883	2D-image
Tween-80	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	mutant M197A, concentration of 10% incubation at 60�C for 1 h, 88% residual relative activity, assay at 80�C and pH 5.6	691421	2D-image
Tween-80	Bacillus sp.	-	-	717883	2D-image
Urea	Bacillus sp.	-	8 M, 86% inhibition	657151	2D-image
Urea	Bacillus subtilis	-	87.5% inhibition at 8 M	664393	2D-image
Urea	Meretrix lusoria	-	inhibition of isozymes AI-1 and AI-2, and AII, at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
Urea	Geobacillus thermoleovorans	-	0.6 M, 50% decrease of enzyme activity compared to control, the circular dichroism spectra in the presence of urea reveals the unfolding of the enzyme which leads to changes in both alpha-helices as well as beta-sheets content. These conformational chages could be responsible for the decline in the alpha-amylase activity	690494	2D-image
Urea	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	retains 58 and 16% relative activity after inhibition with 5 and 10 mM urea, respectively, pH 5.0, 50�C	690510	2D-image
Urea	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 M, pH 4.0, 55�C, 63% relative activity	693602	2D-image
Urea	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	25.8% residual activity at 1 mM	701883	2D-image
Urea	Glyphodes pyloalis	-	19% residual activity at 8 mM urea for midgut alpha-amylase and 62% residual activity at 4 mM urea for salivary gland alpha-amylase	702990	2D-image
Vigna unguiculata defensin	Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	i.e. VuD1, plant defensins are small protein consisting of 45-54 amino acids, below 62% inhibition with 0.1 mg/ml inhibitor, pH 6.5, 37�C	695047	-
Vigna unguiculata defensin	Callosobruchus maculatus	-	i.e. VuD1, plant defensins are small protein consisting of 45-54 amino acids, below 5% inhibition with 0.1 mg/ml inhibitor, pH 6.5, 37�C	695047	-
Vigna unguiculata defensin	Homo sapiens	-	i.e. VuD1, plant defensins are small protein consisting of 45-54 amino acids, ca. 38% inhibition with 0.1 mg/ml inhibitor, pH 6.5, 37�C	695047	-
Vigna unguiculata defensin	Sus scrofa	-	i.e. VuD1, plant defensins are small protein consisting of 45-54 amino acids, ca. 12% inhibition with 0.1 mg/ml inhibitor, pH 6.5, 37�C, low inhibition activity in pig is probably related to extended loops in the structural core of the amylase, reducing the contact between defensin VuD1 and the catalytic site	695047	-
Vigna unguiculata defensin	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	i.e. VuD1, plant defensins are small protein consisting of 45-54 amino acids, below 60% inhibition with 0.1 mg/ml inhibitor, pH 6.5, 37�C, Lys1 from the defensin VuD1 appears to interact with residue Asp204 from the anylase ZSA, which is located inside the catalytic site, analyzed by in silico docking experiments	695047	-
wheat alpha-amylase inhibitor 0.19	Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	inhibitor 0.19 isolated from wheat kernels, inhibits both isozymes AoA1 and AoA2 in vitro and in vivo, stoichiometry of inhibition of isozymes, biological activity of inhibitor 0.19, overview	665271	-
wheat alpha-amylase inhibitor 0.35	Acanthoscelides obtectus	-	inhibitor 0.35 isolated from wheat kernels, inhibits both isozymes AoA1 and AoA2 in vitro and in vivo, stoichiometry of inhibition of isozymes, biological activity of inhibitor 0.53, overview	665271	-
wheat amylase inhibitor	Gallus gallus, Homo sapiens, Sus scrofa, Tenebrio molitor	-	alpha-amylase inhibitor from wheat kernel, purification	393389	-
wheat amylase inhibitor	Bacillus subtilis	-	maximal inhibition at pH 7	393405	-
wheat amylase inhibitor	Tenebrio molitor	-	wheat flour protein inhibitor, formation of an enzyme-inhibitor complex	393422	-
wheat amylase inhibitor	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	-
wheat seed amylase inhibitor	Gadus morhua, Oncorhynchus mykiss	-	-	679313	-
wheat seed amylase inhibitor	Salmo salar	P04746	-	679313	-
xylitol	Aspergillus flavus	-	competitive	393371	2D-image
Zizyphus mauritiana seed extract	Sus scrofa	-	herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes in Ayurvedic system of medicine, 12% relative inhibition compared to control without the addition of medicinal plant extract, non-competitive inhibition determined by a Dixon plot, pH 6.9	692595	-
Zn2+	Bacillus circulans	-	-	171741	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	2 mM 30.3% inhibition	393379	2D-image
Zn2+	Clostridium butyricum	-	-	393383	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	5 mM ZnSO4, 95% inhibition	393391	2D-image
Zn2+	Thermoactinomyces sp.	-	0.5 mM ZnSO4, 43% inhibition	393394	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus circulans	-	5 mM ZnSO4, complete inhibition	393403	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus licheniformis	-	-	393404	2D-image
Zn2+	Pichia burtonii	-	0.1 M, 85% inhibition	393419	2D-image
Zn2+	Thermomonospora vulgaris	-	10 mM, 84% inhibition	393425	2D-image
Zn2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	-	393429	2D-image
Zn2+	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	5 mM, complete inhibition	393430	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus sp.	-	1 mM, complete inhibition	393431	2D-image
Zn2+	Corallococcus coralloides	-	1 mM, 78% loss of activity	393445	2D-image
Zn2+	Streptomyces megasporus	-	1 mM ZnCl2, 45% loss of activity	393446	2D-image
Zn2+	Aspergillus awamori	-	10 mM, strong inhibition of enzyme form Amyl I, Amyl II and Amyl III	393450	2D-image
Zn2+	Cryptococcus sp.	-	1 mM, 87.6% inhibition	393456	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacteria	-	1 mM, 87% inactivation	393472	2D-image
Zn2+	Vibrio sp.	-	-	664782	2D-image
Zn2+	Meretrix lusoria	-	complete inhibition of isozyme AI-1, high inhibition of isozymes AII and AI-2, at 5 mM	665013	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus sp.	-	strong inhibition of isozyme BAA	666783	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	88% inhibition at 1-5 mM	666785	2D-image
Zn2+	Lysinibacillus sphaericus	-	0.1 mM, 30% inhibition	677426	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus subtilis	-	1 mM, 28% inhibition of wild-type enzyme, 37% inhibition of mutant enzyme L134R/S320A	677791	2D-image
Zn2+	Pichia burtonii	-	10 mM, 60% inhibition	678788	2D-image
Zn2+	Fusicoccum sp.	-	2 mM, about 85% inhibition	678799	2D-image
Zn2+	Alkalimonas amylolytica	Q6WUB6	5 mM, weak inhibition	678857	2D-image
Zn2+	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	-	-	678862	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	shows no significant effect with 5 mM Zn2+, 90% relative activity, lead to inhibition with 10 mM, 56% relative activity	690510	2D-image
Zn2+	Eisenia fetida	-	1 mM, pH 8.0, 24 h at 4�C, 94% and 64% residual activity for Amy I and Amy II, respectively	691902	2D-image
Zn2+	Streptomyces gulbargensis	-	1 mM, 37�C, 30 min, pH 6.5, 83% relative activity	693478	2D-image
Zn2+	Anoxybacillus amylolyticus	-	addition to growth medium in logarithmic phase, 0.03 mM, about 50% inhibition of enzyme expression, at 1 mM 100% inhibition. Addition to enzyme assay, 36.3% inhibition at 1.5 mM	695097	2D-image
Zn2+	Citrus sinensis	-	5% residual activity at 2 mM	701763	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus mojavensis	-	; 16% residual activity at 5 mM	701769	2D-image
Zn2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	50% residual activity at 5 mM, at 80�C and pH 5.0	701874	2D-image
Zn2+	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	70.4% residual activity at 1 mM	701883	2D-image
Zn2+	Carthamus tinctorius	-	22% residual activity at 10 mM	702987	2D-image
Zn2+	Geobacillus sp.	-	64% residual activity at 10 mM	704058	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus sp.	-	about 30% residual activity at 10 mM	704059	2D-image
Zn2+	Cryptococcus flavus	-	80% inhibition at 4 mM	717552	2D-image
Zn2+	Bacillus sp.	-	-	717670	2D-image
Zn2+	Lactococcus lactis	-	-	717982	2D-image
Zn2+	Glycine max	-	-	718200	2D-image
ZnCl2	Scytalidium thermophilum	-	10 mM, 93% inhibition	654300	2D-image
ZnCl2	Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	30 mM, complete inhibition	656677	2D-image
ZnCl2	Eleusine coracana	-	5 mM, 70% inhibition; 5 mM, 74% inhibition; 5 mM, 80% inhibition	656951	2D-image
ZnCl2	Bacillus sp.	-	5 mM, 37% inhibition	657151	2D-image
ZnSO4	Bacillus halodurans	-	1 mM, 40�C, 30 min, 47% loss of activity, alpha-amylase I	678804	2D-image
ZnSO4	Haliotis discus discus	B6RB08	2 mM, pH 6.5, 50�C, 37% relative activity	691914	2D-image
montbretin C	Homo sapiens	-	glycosylated acyl-flavonols, a methyl ether of the cinnamic acid moiety, originally isolated from an extract of Crocosmia crocosmiiflora, less effective than montbretin A due to the hydroxy group of montbretin A in the cinnamic acid moiety, respnsible for the tight binding	691795	2D-image
additional information	Bacillus sp.	-	not inhibited by 100 mM EDTA	654254	-
additional information	Cryptococcus flavus	-	treatment with glycosidases leads to loss of 50% activity	655632	-
additional information	Thermotoga maritima	-	the enzyme is inhibited by several metal ions	663719	-
additional information	Aspergillus oryzae	-	no inhibition by Mn2+	664481	-
additional information	Geobacillus thermodenitrificans	-	no inhibition by phytate at up to 10 mM	665791	-
additional information	Bacillus subtilis	-	mo inhibition by EDTA or EGTA	666829	-
additional information	Tribolium castaneum	-	from Peganum harmala, Centaurium erythraea and Aristolochia baetica causes strong inhibition of alpha-amylase activity	678765	-
additional information	Zabrotes subfasciatus	-	no inhibitionj by alphaAI-PF, i.e. alpha amylase inhibitor from Palo Fierro seeds	682444	-
additional information	Tenebrio molitor	-	no inhibition by the plant defensin VrD2. A VrD2 chimera that is produced by transferring the proposed functional loop of VrD1 onto the structurally equivalent loop of VrD2 inhibits alpha-amylase activity	682764	-
additional information	Homo sapiens	-	no effect by the addtion of 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.01% Triton X-100	691795	-
additional information	Sus scrofa	-	no inhibition with Murraya koenigii leaf extract	692595	-
additional information	Homo sapiens	-	the inhibitory activity of the flavonoids toward human alpha-amylase depends on the formation of 1. hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups in position R7 and/or R4' of the polyphenol ligands and the catalytic residues of the binding site Asp197 and Glu233 and 2. formation of a conjugated pi-system between either the AC- or B-ring system and Trp59, that stabilizes the interaction with the active site	693546	-
additional information	Sus scrofa	-	no inhibition with voglibose, 23-hydroxyursolic acid, maslinic acid, asiatic acid, arjunolic acid, and oleanolic acid	694610	-
additional information	Aspergillus fumigatus	-	Vigna unguiculata defensin i.e. VuD1, plant defensins are small protein consisting of 45-54 amino acids, no inhibition with 0.1 mg/ml inhibitor, pH 6.5, 37�C	695047	-
additional information	Anoxybacillus amylolyticus	-	Cr6+ addition to growth medium in logarithmic phase, maximum inhibition of about 70-80% at 1.15 mM; effect of a combination of different concentrations of two (Ni2+ + Zn2+, Cu2+ + Zn2+, Hg2+ + Ni2+, Hg2+ + Zn2+) or three metals (Hg2+ + Zn2+ + Ni2+) added to the logarithmic growth phase examined: in all cases an inhibitory effect higher than of the single metal is observed; Mn2+ addition to growth medium in logarithmic phase, 10% inhibition at about 1.1 mM of enzyme expression	695097	-
additional information	Bacillus mojavensis	-	no inhibition by PMSF; not inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride	701769	-
additional information	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	beta-mercaptoethanol, mannitol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, and Triton X-100 do not have any significant effect even at high concentration	701869	-
additional information	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	EDTA, dithiothreitol, N-bromosuccinimide, 2-mercaptoethanol (1 mM), and SDS (2% (w/v)) have no effect on activity	701883	-
additional information	Ephestia kuehniella	B8Y698	isozyme Amy3 is not inhibited by the proteinaceous inhibitor from bean alphaAI-1; isozymes Amy1 and Amy2 are not inhibited by the proteinaceous inhibitor from bean alphaAI-1 and by the proteinaceous inhibitor from wheat WI-3	703649	-
additional information	Geobacillus sp.	-	not inhibited by phytic acid	704058	-
additional information	Bacillus sp.	-	not affected by NaCl, KCl, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, and beta-mercaptoethanol	704059	-
additional information	Bacillus sp.	-	no inhibition by EGTA or EDTA at 1-10 mM	717451	-
additional information	Bacillus sp.	-	wild-type and mutant enzymes exhibit sensitivity towards GdnHCl-induced denaturation, effects of several commercial detergent products on the activities of the enzyme mutants, overview	717883	-
additional information	Lepidium sativum	-	structure-activity relationship of benzoxazinones and related compounds in inhibition of the enzyme, overview	718035	-

ACTIVATING COMPOUND	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
2-mercaptoethanol	Bacillus caldovelox	-	1.6fold stimulation at 10 mM, 2.5fold stimulation at 100 mM	393368	2D-image
2-mercaptoethanol	Callosobruchus chinensis	-	activates	393436	2D-image
2-mercaptoethanol	Thermotoga maritima	-	slightly activates the recombinant enzyme	663719	2D-image
2-mercaptoethanol	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 172% relative activity, strongly increase the activity, probably due to a better accessibility of the substrate to the catalytic site after disruption of the intersulfide bridge	693602	2D-image
2-phosphoglyceric acid	Ascaris suum	-	50 mM, 7fold activation of muscle alpha-amylase	654030	2D-image
3-Phosphoglyceric acid	Ascaris suum	-	50 mM, 5fold activation of muscle alpha-amylase	654030	2D-image
Br-	Homo sapiens	-	greater affinity for the enzyme than chloride and a comparable relative activity	678337	2D-image
Ca2+	Nocardiopsis sp.	-	5 mM, 1.15fold activation	681739	2D-image
CaCl2	Ascaris suum	-	slight activation of muscle and intestine alpha-amyloamylase	654030	2D-image
CaCl2	Eleusine coracana	-	5 mm, 15% increase in activity; 5 mm, 25% increase in activity; 5 mm, 8% increase in activity	656951	2D-image
Cl-	Homo sapiens	-	allosteric activation. The enzyme is essentially inactive in the absence of chloride ion	678337	2D-image
ClO3-	Homo sapiens	-	activates, optimal concentration is 0.2 mM	678337	2D-image
Co2+	Nocardiopsis sp.	-	5 mM, 1.39fold activation	681739	2D-image
Cu2+	Nocardiopsis sp.	-	5 mM, 1.42fold activation	681739	2D-image
Cys	Bacillus sp.	-	stimulates	393448	2D-image
Detergents	Geobacillus stearothermophilus	P06279	the mutant enzyme AmyUS100DELTAIG/M197A is found to be very stable in the presence of solid detergents (commercial detergents). The activity is increased in somes cases. Incubation of the enzyme at 40�C with Ariel, Skip, Dixan, Det, NewDet, Nadhif,m and OMO increases the activity between 10 and 50%. The activity of the engineered enzyme persists at 60�C of the majority of the commercial solid detergents. The incubation with the liquid detergents Lav+ and Nadhif increases the activity by 10-20%, respectively. The presence of the Dinol detergent, the activity decreases to 97 and 91% at 40 and 60�C, respectively	691421	2D-image
dithiothreitol	Bacillus caldovelox	-	1.6fold stimulation at 10 mM, 2.5fold stimulation at 100 mM	393368	2D-image
dithiothreitol	Bacillus sp.	-	stimulates	393448	2D-image
dithiothreitol	Tulipa gesneriana	-	10 mM, slight activation	656916	2D-image
dithiothreitol	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	-	5 mM, pH 4.0, 55�C, 166% relative activity, strongly increase the activity, probably due to a better accessibility of the substrate to the catalytic site after disruption of the intersulfide bridge	693602	2D-image
dithiothreitol	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	stimulates the amylolytic activity of the Amy1 protein at concentrations as low as 0.2 mM when coincubated with thioredoxin A, but is unable to activate the Amy1 protein at concentrations lower than 5 mM, the Amy1 protein activity greatly increases in the presence of dithiothreitol with a maximum (3fold)-enhanced activity at 30 mM	701869	2D-image
DTT	Thermotoga maritima	-	recombinant enzyme, activates 3fold at 5-10 mM	663719	2D-image
EDTA	Bacillus sp.	-	activation of isozyme BAA at 5-10 mM	666783	2D-image
glutathione	Callosobruchus chinensis	-	activates	393436	2D-image
HCOO-	Homo sapiens	-	activates, optimal concentration is 1 mM	678337	2D-image
I-	Homo sapiens	-	lower affinity for the enzyme than chloride and higher relative activity	678337	2D-image
KSCN	Aspergillus niger	-	500 mM, the reaction rate of neutral amylase increases markedly	680956	2D-image
L-cysteine	Thermotoga maritima	-	slightly activates the recombinant enzyme	663719	2D-image
Mg2+	Nocardiopsis sp.	-	5 mM, 1.13fold activation	681739	2D-image
N3-	Homo sapiens	-	activates, optimal concentration is 1 mM	678337	2D-image
NO2-	Homo sapiens	-	activates, optimal concentration is 1 mM	678337	2D-image
NO3-	Homo sapiens	-	activates, optimal concentration is 0.1 mM	678337	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 1000	Aspergillus oryzae	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 38% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 1000	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 24% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 1000	Bacillus licheniformis	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 36% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 1000	Homo sapiens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 43% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 1000	Sus scrofa	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 45% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 1500	Aspergillus oryzae	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 42% at 0.02% w/v	664793	-
polyethylene glycol 1500	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 23% at 0.02% w/v	664793	-
polyethylene glycol 1500	Bacillus licheniformis	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 43% at 0.02% w/v	664793	-
polyethylene glycol 1500	Homo sapiens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 39% at 0.02% w/v	664793	-
polyethylene glycol 1500	Sus scrofa	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 54% at 0.02% w/v	664793	-
polyethylene glycol 2000	Aspergillus oryzae	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 37% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 2000	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 19% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 2000	Bacillus licheniformis	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 44% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 2000	Homo sapiens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 34% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 2000	Sus scrofa	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 44% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 400	Aspergillus oryzae	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 34% at 0.02% w/v	664793	-
polyethylene glycol 400	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 5% at 0.02% w/v	664793	-
polyethylene glycol 400	Bacillus licheniformis	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 19% at 0.02% w/v	664793	-
polyethylene glycol 4600	Aspergillus oryzae	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 34% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 4600	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 19% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 4600	Bacillus licheniformis	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 44% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 4600	Homo sapiens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 29% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 4600	Sus scrofa	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 41% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 600	Aspergillus oryzae	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 36% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 600	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 16% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 600	Bacillus licheniformis	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 24% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 600	Homo sapiens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 33% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 600	Sus scrofa	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 27% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 8000	Aspergillus oryzae	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 34% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 8000	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 19% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 8000	Bacillus licheniformis, Homo sapiens	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 40% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
polyethylene glycol 8000	Sus scrofa	-	1500 Da PEG, increases the enzyme activity by 38% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Polyvinyl alcohol	Aspergillus oryzae	-	10 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 27% at 0.02% w/v, 50 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 33% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Polyvinyl alcohol	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	10 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 28% at 0.02% w/v, 50 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 21% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Polyvinyl alcohol	Bacillus licheniformis	-	10 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 31% at 0.02% w/v, 50 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 35% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Polyvinyl alcohol	Homo sapiens	-	10 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 40% at 0.02% w/v, 50 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 42% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Polyvinyl alcohol	Sus scrofa	-	10 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 36% at 0.02% w/v, 50 kDa: increases the enzyme activity by 28% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
SDS	Geobacillus sp.	-	SDS enhances the activity 42% more than the original activity at 5 mM	701874	2D-image
thioredoxin A	Anabaena sp.	B1VK33	the Amy1 protein activity increases linearly with increasing thioredoxin A concentrations	701869	-
Triton X-100	Aspergillus oryzae	-	increases the enzyme activity by 32% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Triton X-100	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	increases the enzyme activity by 34% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Triton X-100	Bacillus licheniformis	-	increases the enzyme activity by 35% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Triton X-100	Homo sapiens	-	increases the enzyme activity by 45% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Triton X-100	Sus scrofa	-	increases the enzyme activity by 41% at 0.02% w/v	664793	2D-image
Urea	Geobacillus sp.	-	urea enhances the activity 47% more than the original activity at 5 mM	701874	2D-image
Mn2+	Nocardiopsis sp.	-	5 mM, 1.43fold activation	681739	2D-image
additional information	Chaerophyllum bulbosum	-	low temperature of 4-16�C slowly induces the enzyme activity, the enzyme activity is higher at 16�C	663557	-
additional information	Sus scrofa	-	no activation by polyethylene glycol 400 0.02% w/v	664793	-
additional information	Triticum aestivum	-	no induction by gibberellin and sodium nitroprusside/NO in seeds during the early stage of germination	666677	-
additional information	Bacillus sp.	-	effects of several commercial detergent products on the activities of the enzyme mutants, overview	717883	-

KM VALUE [mM]	KM VALUE [mM] Maximum	SUBSTRATE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
2.3	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 6.8, 30�C, recombinant AMY1-SBD fusion enzyme	664229	2D-image
0.45	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-maltotrioside	Homo sapiens	-	in presence of 0.1 mM NO3-	678337	2D-image
0.57	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-maltotrioside	Homo sapiens	-	in presence of 1 mM N3-	678337	2D-image
0.58	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-maltotrioside	Homo sapiens	-	in presence of 0.2 mM ClO3-; in presence of 1 mM NO3-	678337	2D-image
0.69	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-maltotrioside	Homo sapiens	-	in presence of 1 mM N3-	678337	2D-image
0.76	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-maltotrioside	Homo sapiens	-	in presence of 0.01 mM Cl-	678337	2D-image
1.2	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-maltotrioside	Homo sapiens	-	in presence of 0.01 mM Br-	678337	2D-image
1.3	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl alpha-maltotrioside	Homo sapiens	-	in presence of 0.01 mM I-	678337	2D-image
0.6	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant T212W	665492	2D-image
0.669	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	mutant enzyme Y380A	679786	2D-image
0.67	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	Y380A mutant, pH 5.5, 30�C, kcat/Km: 28 1/s/mg/ml	692352	2D-image
0.7	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	wild-type enzyme, pH 5.5, 30�C, kcat/Km: 38 1/s/mg/ml	692352	2D-image
0.724	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	mutant enzyme Y380F	679786	2D-image
0.735	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	mutant enzyme S378T	679786	2D-image
0.758	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	alpha-amylase 1	679786	2D-image
0.861	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	mutant enzyme S378P	679786	2D-image
0.87	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	Y380M mutant, pH 5.5, 30�C, kcat/Km: 39 1/s/mg/ml	692352	2D-image
0.871	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	mutant enzyme Y380M	679786	2D-image
0.91	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	H395A mutant, kcat below 10 1/s, pH 5.5, 30�C	692352	2D-image
1.16	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	malt enzyme	393453	2D-image
1.3	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105W	665492	2D-image
1.4	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant T212P	665492	2D-image
1.4	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	Y380A/H395A mutant, pH 5.5, 30�C, kcat/Km: 25 1/s/mg/ml	692352	2D-image
1.7	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, wild-type enzyme	665492	2D-image
2	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant T212Y	665492	2D-image
2.49	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	recombinant enzyme	393453	2D-image
3.1	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105A/T212W	665492	2D-image
4.9	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105F	665492	2D-image
6	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105A/T212Y	665492	2D-image
10	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	above, pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105A	665492	2D-image
10	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	Y105A mutant, Km above 10 mM, kcat below 10 1/s, pH 5.5, 30�C; Y105A/Y380A mutant, Km above 10 mM, pH 5.5, 30�C, kcat/Km: 1300 1/s/mg/ml; Y105A/Y380M mutant, Km above 10 mM, kcat below 10 1/s, pH 5.5, 30�C	692352	2D-image
3.6	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltotrioside	Homo sapiens	-	commercial substrate, pH 7.0	691795	2D-image
12.5	-	2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltotrioside	Gracilibacillus dipsosauri	-	22�C, pH 6.1	656677	2D-image
0.01	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	double mutant, kcat/Km: L134R/S320A, 680000 1/s/M, 25�C, pH 6.0	690586	2D-image
0.0113	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	mutant S329A, kcat/Km: 740000 1/s/M, 25�C, pH 6.0	690586	2D-image
0.0117	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	mutant L134R, kcat/Km: 710000 1/s/M, 25�C, pH 6.0	690586	2D-image
0.012	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	wild-type, kcat/Km: 770000 1/s/M, 25�C, pH 6.0	690586	2D-image
0.137	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	double mutant, L134R/S320A, kcat/Km: L134R/S320A, 1910000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 4.5	690586	2D-image
0.147	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	wild-type, kcat/Km: 1420000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 6.5	690586	2D-image
0.171	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	mutant L134R, kcat/Km: 1350000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 4.5	690586	2D-image
0.185	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	double mutant, L134R/S320A, kcat/Km: L134R/S320A, 680000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 5.5	690586	2D-image
0.186	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	mutant S329A, kcat/Km: 1210000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 4.5	690586	2D-image
0.19	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	double mutant, L134R/S320A, kcat/Km: L134R/S320A, 1100000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 6.5	690586	2D-image
0.193	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	mutant L134R, kcat/Km: 1070000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 5.5	690586	2D-image
0.2	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	mutant S329A, kcat/Km: 1230000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 5.5	690586	2D-image
0.201	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	mutant L134R, kcat/Km: 920000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 6.5; wild-type, kcat/Km: 870000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 5.5	690586	2D-image
0.205	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	mutant S329A, kcat/Km: 880000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 6.5	690586	2D-image
0.281	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl-[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Bacillus licheniformis	P06278	wild-type, kcat/Km: 140000 1/s/M, 37�C, pH 4.5	690586	2D-image
0.45	-	4,6-ethylidene-[G7]-p-nitrophenyl[G1]-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside	Hordeum vulgare	-	37�C, pH 6.0	656632	2D-image
2.46	-	4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-maltohexaoside	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) at 75�C	701883	-
0.065	-	4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside-4,6-O-ethylidene	Sus scrofa	-	25�C, pH 7.2	656528	2D-image
0.23	-	4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoheptaoside-4,6-O-ethylidene	Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis	-	25�C, pH 7.2	656528	2D-image
4.48	-	4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoside	Sus scrofa	-	isozyme PPA-I, at pH 6.9 and 30�C	704143	2D-image
4.63	-	4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-maltoside	Sus scrofa	-	isozyme PPA-II, at pH 6.9 and 30�C	704143	2D-image
11.1	-	acarbose	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	pH 4.5, 90�C, recombinant enzyme	663700	2D-image
2.61	-	alpha-Cyclodextrin	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	pH 4.5, 90�C, recombinant enzyme	663700	2D-image
14.9	-	alpha-Cyclodextrin	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
52	-	alpha-Cyclodextrin	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
4.5	-	alpha-maltosyl fluoride	Homo sapiens	-	30�C, pH 7.0	654643	2D-image
3.5	-	Amylopectin	Candida antarctica	-	calculated as low molecular weight products	136189	2D-image
0.00016	-	Amylose	Hordeum vulgare	-	30�C, pH 5.5	655467	2D-image
0.00021	-	Amylose	Hordeum vulgare	-	30�C, pH 5.5	655467	2D-image
0.0035	-	Amylose	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393379	2D-image
0.26	-	Amylose	Bacillus sp.	-	calculated as low molecular weight products	393448	2D-image
0.38	-	Amylose	Hordeum vulgare	-	DP 17, malt enzyme, calculated as low molecular weight products	393453	2D-image
0.45	-	Amylose	Hordeum vulgare	-	DP 17, recombinant enzyme, calculated as low molecular weight products	393453	2D-image
0.77	-	Amylose	Candida antarctica	-	short chain	136189	2D-image
15	-	Amylose	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	short chain amylose, as anhydro-glucose units	393400	2D-image
18.2	-	Amylose	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	micromol of D-glucosidic bond per liter	393421	2D-image
0.12	-	amylose DP17	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant T212Y	665492	-
0.29	-	amylose DP17	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant T212W	665492	-
0.37	-	amylose DP17	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, recombinant AMY1-SBD fusion enzyme	664229	-
0.48	-	amylose DP17	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutants Y105W and T212P	665492	-
0.57	-	amylose DP17	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, wild-type enzyme	665492	-
0.58	-	amylose DP17	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105F	665492	-
2	-	amylose DP17	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105A/T212W	665492	-
2.27	-	amylose DP17	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105A/T212Y	665492	-
2.36	-	amylose DP17	Hordeum vulgare	-	below, pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105A	665492	-
2.16	-	beta-cyclodextrin	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	pH 4.5, 90�C, recombinant enzyme	663700	2D-image
12.3	-	beta-cyclodextrin	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
13.6	-	beta-cyclodextrin	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
3.6	-	Cyclomaltohexaose	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	393426	2D-image
16.7	-	Dextrin	Ruminobacter amylophilus	-	micromol of D-glucosidic bond per liter	393421	2D-image
2.35	-	gamma-Cyclodextrin	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
4.4	-	gamma-Cyclodextrin	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
5.12	-	gamma-Cyclodextrin	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	pH 4.5, 90�C, recombinant enzyme	663700	2D-image
9.6	-	glycogen	Heterorhabditis bacteriophora	-	pH 7.0, 40 �C, alpha-amylase I	664649	2D-image
36.4	-	glycogen	Candida antarctica	-	from rat liver, calculated as low molecular weight products	136189	2D-image
51.1	-	glycogen	Candida antarctica	-	from oyster, calculated as low molecular weight products	136189	2D-image
0.3	-	insoluble blue starch	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant T212W; pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105A/T212W	665492	-
0.4	-	insoluble blue starch	Hordeum vulgare	-	below, pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105A; pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105F; pH 5.5, 37�C, wild-type enzyme	665492	-
0.5	-	insoluble blue starch	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105W	665492	-
0.6	-	insoluble blue starch	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant T212Y	665492	-
1	-	insoluble blue starch	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant Y105A/T212Y	665492	-
1.5	-	insoluble blue starch	Hordeum vulgare	-	pH 5.5, 37�C, mutant T212P	665492	-
0.071	-	maltodextrin	Hordeum vulgare	-	30�C, pH 5.5	655467	2D-image
0.079	-	maltodextrin	Hordeum vulgare	-	30�C, pH 5.5	655467	2D-image
0.21	-	maltoheptaose	Hordeum vulgare	-	30�C, pH 5.5	655467	2D-image
0.22	-	maltoheptaose	Hordeum vulgare	-	30�C, pH 5.5	655467	2D-image
0.51	-	maltoheptaose	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	2D-image
2.18	-	maltoheptaose	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431	2D-image
2.7	-	maltoheptaose	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
3.37	-	maltoheptaose	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) at 75�C	701883	2D-image
2.28	-	maltohexaitol	Strongylocentrotus nudus	-	at pH 7.3, at 30�C	393444	2D-image
0.43	-	maltohexaose	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	2D-image
0.71	-	maltohexaose	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
1.9	-	maltohexaose	Fusidium sp.	-	-	393365	2D-image
6.37	-	maltohexaose	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431	2D-image
0.89	-	maltooctaose	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393431	2D-image
0.12	-	maltopentaose	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393379	2D-image
0.55	-	maltopentaose	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
0.95	-	maltopentaose	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	2D-image
1.69	-	maltopentaose	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) at 75�C	701883	2D-image
2.7	-	maltopentaose	Fusidium sp.	-	-	393365	2D-image
3.1	-	maltopentaose	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
6.4	-	maltose	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
26.16	-	maltose	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	2D-image
0.48	-	maltotetraose	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
0.65	1.33	maltotetraose	Struthio camelus	-	value depends on assay method	393462	2D-image
2.1	-	maltotetraose	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	393426	2D-image
8.3	-	maltotetraose	Fusidium sp.	-	-	393365	2D-image
0.198	-	maltotriose	Bacillus subtilis	-	-	393379	2D-image
1.26	-	maltotriose	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) at 75�C	701883	2D-image
1.9	-	maltotriose	Bacillus sp.	-	-	393448	2D-image
2	-	maltotriose	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	393426	2D-image
3.57	-	maltotriose	Struthio camelus	-	-	393462	2D-image
6.5	-	maltotriose	Candida antarctica	-	-	136189	2D-image
28.6	-	maltotriose	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
0.06	-	p-nitrophenylhexa[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1-4)]-alpha-D-glucopyranoside	Homo sapiens	-	37�C, pH 8.0, F256W mutant	654363	2D-image
0.57	-	Pullulan	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	mutant Y374A	664823	2D-image
1.4	-	Pullulan	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	wild-type enzyme	664823	2D-image
4.13	-	Pullulan	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
0.057	-	soluble starch	Cryptococcus flavus	-	pH 5.5, 50�C	655632	-
0.07	-	soluble starch	Thermotoga neapolitana	B5ARZ9	in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) at 75�C	701883	-
1.2	-	soluble starch	Bacillus subtilis	-	pH 9.0, 52-55�C	664393	-
1.7	-	soluble starch	Vibrio sp.	-	pH 6.5, 60�C	664782	-
1.9	-	soluble starch	Bacillus sp.	-	pH 10.0, 40�C	666783	-
1.92	-	soluble starch	Bacillus amyloliquefaciens	-	pH 5.9, 37�C	666785	-
0.16	-	Starch	Pichia burtonii	-	pH 5.6, 40�C	678813	2D-image
0.19	-	Starch	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	mutant Y374A	664823	2D-image
0.23	-	Starch	Thermoactinomyces vulgaris	-	wild-type enzyme	664823	2D-image
0.52	-	Starch	Pyrococcus furiosus	-	pH 4.5, 90�C, recombinant enzyme	663700	2D-image
2	-	Starch	Malus pumila	-	pH 6.8, 37�C	665210	2D-image
3.3	-	Starch	Candida antarctica	-	soluble starch, Merck, calculated as low molecular weight products	136189	2D-image
4.3	-	Starch	Candida antarctica	-	soluble starch, Zulkowsky type starch, calculated as low molecular weight products	136189

All organisms
Acanthoscelides obtectus
Acarus siro
Acinetobacter sp.
Aleuroglyphus ovatus
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius 104-1A
Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius Agnano
Alkalimonas amylolytica
Alternaria alternata
Alternaria tenuissima
Anabaena sp.
Anoxybacillus amylolyticus
Anoxybacillus amylolyticus MR3CT
Anoxybacillus flavithermus
Anthonomus grandis
Apis mellifera
Ascaris suum
Aspergillus awamori
Aspergillus awamori KT-11
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus fumigatus
Aspergillus kawachii
Aspergillus niger
Aspergillus oryzae
Aspergillus sclerotiorum
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CICIM B2125
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MTCC 610
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NCIM 2829
Bacillus caldovelox
Bacillus cereus
Bacillus circulans
Bacillus coagulans
Bacillus coagulans CUMC512
Bacillus halmapalus
Bacillus halodurans
Bacillus halodurans 38C-2-1
Bacillus lentus
Bacillus licheniformis
Bacillus licheniformis 44MB82
Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 27811
Bacillus licheniformis CCM 2145
Bacillus licheniformis CICC 10181
Bacillus licheniformis CUMC305
Bacillus licheniformis IFO12196
Bacillus licheniformis MTCC 6598
Bacillus licheniformis NA-14
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 6346
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 6816
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 7224
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 8061
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 8537
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 8549
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 8874
Bacillus licheniformis NCIB 9668
Bacillus licheniformis NCTC 8233
Bacillus licheniformis TCRDC-B13
Bacillus megaterium
Bacillus megaterium WHO
Bacillus mojavensis
Bacillus mojavensis A21
Bacillus sp.
Bacillus sp. 11-15
Bacillus sp. ANT-6
Bacillus sp. BKL20
Bacillus sp. IMD 434
Bacillus sp. KR-8104
Bacillus sp. KSM-1378
Bacillus sp. YX-1
Bacillus subtilis
Bacillus subtilis BF768
Bacillus subtilis DM-03
Bacillus subtilis DP 1
Bacillus subtilis KCC103
Bacteria
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron
Blattella germanica
Brevibacillus brevis
Callosobruchus chinensis
Callosobruchus maculatus
Caloglyphus redickorzevi
Calvatia gigantea
Candida antarctica
Cardamine battagliae
Carpoglyphus lactis
Carthamus tinctorius
Cavia porcellus
Chaerophyllum bulbosum
Chaetomium thermophilum
Chloroflexus aurantiacus
Chortoglyphus arcuatus
Chromatium sp. D
Citrus sinensis
Clostridium acetobutylicum
Clostridium butyricum
Clostridium butyricum T-7
Corallococcus coralloides
Corynebacterium striatum AX20
Cryptococcus flavus
Cryptococcus sp.
Dermatophagoides farinae
Desulfurococcus mucosus
Dictyoglomus thermophilum
Dioscorea dumetorum
Drosophila melanogaster
Eisenia fetida
Eleusine coracana
Ephestia kuehniella
Escherichia coli
Fusicoccum sp.
Fusicoccum sp. BCC4124
Fusidium sp.
Fusidium sp. BX-1
Gadus morhua
Gallus gallus
Gammarus palustris
Geobacillus sp.
Geobacillus sp. IIPTN
Geobacillus sp. LH8
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
Geobacillus stearothermophilus CCM 2183
Geobacillus stearothermophilus JT2
Geobacillus thermodenitrificans
Geobacillus thermoleovorans
Geobacillus thermoleovorans NP54
Glycine max
Glyphodes pyloalis
Gracilibacillus dipsosauri
Gracilibacillus dipsosauri DD1
Haliotis discus discus
Haloarcula hispanica
Halomonas meridiana
Halothermothrix orenii
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora
Homo sapiens
Hordeum vulgare
Humicola brevis
Humicola grisea
Humicola insolens
Humicola stellata
Hypothenemus hampei
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Kocuria varians
Lactobacillus amylovorus
Lactobacillus amylovorus KCTC 3597
Lactobacillus fermentum
Lactobacillus fermentum D-39
Lactobacillus manihotivorans
Lactobacillus manihotivorans LMG 18010
Lactobacillus plantarum
Lactococcus lactis
Leishmania donovani S-2
Leishmania major
Lepidium sativum
Lepidoglyphus destructor
Lipomyces kononenkoae
Lipomyces starkeyi
Lysinibacillus sphaericus
Lysobacter brunescens
Malbranchea pulchella
Malus pumila
Meretrix lusoria
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
Micrococcus luteus
Micromonospora vulgaris
Morimus funereus
Mus musculus
Musa acuminata
Myriococcum thermophilum
Mytilus galloprovincialis
Nocardiopsis sp.
Nocardiopsis sp. 7326
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Oryza sativa
Oryza sp.
Paecilomyces sp.
Pagrus pagrus
Penicillium brevicompactum
Penicillium chrysogenum
Penicillium griseofulvum
Periplaneta americana
Phlebotomus papatasi
Pichia burtonii
Pisum sativum
Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis
Pseudomonas sp.
Pseudomonas sp. 15-1
Pseudomonas sp. MS1
Pyrococcus furiosus
Pyrococcus woesei
Pyrodictium abyssi
Rattus norvegicus
Rhizomucor miehei
Rhizomucor pusillus
Rhizopus microsporus
Rhizopus sp.
Rhodothermus marinus
Ruminobacter amylophilus
Ruminobacter amylophilus 70
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera KZ
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera ST 2
Salmo salar
Schwanniomyces occidentalis
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Scytalidium lignicola A-2
Scytalidium thermophilum
Sitophilus zeamais
Sorghum bicolor
Staphylothermus marinus
Streptococcus equinus
Streptomyces gulbargensis
Streptomyces gulbargensis DAS 131
Streptomyces hygroscopicus
Streptomyces limosus
Streptomyces megasporus
Streptomyces megasporus SD12
Streptomyces sp. 65
Streptomyces venezuelae
Strongylocentrotus nudus
Struthio camelus
Sus scrofa
Talaromyces emersonii
Talaromyces thermophilus
Tecia solanivora
Tenebrio molitor
Thermoactinomyces sp.
Thermoactinomyces sp. No. 15
Thermoactinomyces vulgaris
Thermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus
Thermoanaerobacter thermohydrosulfuricus E 101-69
Thermoascus aurantiacus
Thermoascus crustaceus
Thermobifida fusca
Thermobifida fusca NTU22
Thermococcus aggregans
Thermococcus celer
Thermococcus fumicolans
Thermococcus guaymasensis
Thermococcus hydrothermalis
Thermococcus litoralis
Thermococcus profundus
Thermococcus sp.
Thermococcus sp. HJ21
Thermomonospora curvata
Thermomonospora viridis
Thermomonospora vulgaris
Thermomyces lanuginosus
Thermomyces lanuginosus IISc91
Thermotoga maritima
Thermotoga maritima MSB8
Thermotoga neapolitana
Thermotoga neapolitana 41025
Thermus filiformis
Thielavia heterothallica
Torula thermophila
Tribolium castaneum
Tribolium confusum
Triticum aestivum
Tulipa gesneriana
Tyroborus lini
Tyrophagus putrescentiae
Vibrio sp.
Vigna angularis
Vigna radiata
Xanthomonas campestris
Zabrotes subfasciatus