Information on EC 3.1.7.4 -

Information on EC 3.1.7.4 - sclareol cyclase:

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EC NUMBER	COMMENTARY
3.1.7.4	-

RECOMMENDED NAME	GeneOntology No.
sclareol cyclase	-

REACTION	REACTION DIAGRAM	COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
geranylgeranyl diphosphate + 2 H2O = sclareol + diphosphate		-	-	-	-

REACTION TYPE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

PATHWAY	KEGG Link	MetaCyc Link
No entries in this field

SYSTEMATIC NAME	IUBMB Comments
geranylgeranyl-diphosphate diphosphohydrolase (sclareol-forming)	Requires Mg2+ or Mn2+ for activity [3]. Sclareol, a labdane diterpene, is a plant secondary metabolite that exhibits potent antibacterial activity as well as fungal-growth-regulating and plant-growth-inhibiting properties. It also exhibits cytotoxic activity against human leukaemic cell lines by inducing apoptosis [2].

SYNONYMS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
GGPP:scIareol cyclase	Nicotiana glutinosa	-	-	689411

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER	COMMENTARY
No entries in this field

ORGANISM	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	SEQUENCE CODE	SEQUENCE DB	SOURCE
Homo sapiens	-	684513	-	-
Mus musculus	-	684513	-	-
Nicotiana glutinosa	-	689411, 689667	-	-

GENERAL INFORMATION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

SUBSTRATE	PRODUCT	REACTION DIAGRAM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY/ Substrate	LITERATURE/ Substrate	COMMENTARY/ Product	LITERATURE/ Product	Reversibility r=reversible ir=irreversible ?=not specified
geranylgeranyl diphosphate + 2 H2O	sclareol + diphosphate		Nicotiana glutinosa	-	-	689411, 689667	-	-	?
additional information	?	-	Homo sapiens	-	addition of sclareol to cultures of human colon cancer HCT116 cells results in inhibition of DNA synthesis, arrest of cells at the G1 phase of the cell cycle, activation of caspases-8, -9, PARP degradation, and DNA fragmentation, events characteristic of induction of apoptosis	684513	-	-	-
additional information	?	-	Mus musculus	-	intraperitoneal administration of sclareol alone, at the maximum tolerated is unable to induce suppression of growth of HCT116 tumors established as xenografts in immunodeficient SCID mice. In contrast, intraperitoneal administration of liposome-encapsulated sclareol, following a specific schedule, induces suppression of tumor growth by arresting tumor cell proliferation as assessed by detecting the presence of the cell proliferation-associated nuclear protein, Ki67, in thin tumor sections	684513	-	-	-

NATURAL SUBSTRATES	NATURAL PRODUCTS	REACTION DIAGRAM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY SUBSTRATE	LITERATURE (Substrate)	COMMENTARY PRODUCT	LITERATURE (Product)
additional information	?	-	Homo sapiens	-	addition of sclareol to cultures of human colon cancer HCT116 cells results in inhibition of DNA synthesis, arrest of cells at the G1 phase of the cell cycle, activation of caspases-8, -9, PARP degradation, and DNA fragmentation, events characteristic of induction of apoptosis	684513	-	-
additional information	?	-	Mus musculus	-	intraperitoneal administration of sclareol alone, at the maximum tolerated is unable to induce suppression of growth of HCT116 tumors established as xenografts in immunodeficient SCID mice. In contrast, intraperitoneal administration of liposome-encapsulated sclareol, following a specific schedule, induces suppression of tumor growth by arresting tumor cell proliferation as assessed by detecting the presence of the cell proliferation-associated nuclear protein, Ki67, in thin tumor sections	684513	-	-

COFACTOR	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

METALS and IONS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

INHIBITORS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

ACTIVATING COMPOUND	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

KM VALUE [mM]	KM VALUE [mM] Maximum	SUBSTRATE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]	TURNOVER NUMBER MAXIMUM[1/s]	SUBSTRATE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs^-1]	kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs^-1] Maximum	SUBSTRATE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

Ki VALUE [mM]	Ki VALUE [mM] Maximum	INHIBITOR	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

IC50 VALUE [mM]	IC50 VALUE [mM] Maximum	INHIBITOR	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]	SPECIFIC ACTIVITY MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

pH OPTIMUM	pH MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

pH RANGE	pH RANGE MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM	TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

TEMPERATURE RANGE	TEMPERATURE MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

pI VALUE	pI VALUE MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

SOURCE TISSUE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	SOURCE
trichome	Nicotiana glutinosa	-	cell free extract from trichome. Exclusively localized in trichomes	689667

LOCALIZATION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	GeneOntology No.	LITERATURE	SOURCE
soluble	Nicotiana glutinosa	-	-	-	689667

PDB	SCOP	CATH	ORGANISM
No entries in this field

MOLECULAR WEIGHT	MOLECULAR WEIGHT MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

SUBUNITS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

Crystallization/COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

pH STABILITY	pH STABILITY MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

TEMPERATURE STABILITY	TEMPERATURE STABILITY MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

GENERAL STABILITY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

ORGANIC SOLVENT	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

OXIDATION STABILITY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

STORAGE STABILITY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

Purification/COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
partial	Nicotiana glutinosa	-	689411

Cloned/COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

EXPRESSION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

ENGINEERING	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

Renatured/COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

APPLICATION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
medicine	Homo sapiens, Mus musculus	-	sclareol incorporated into liposomes may possess chemotherapeutic potential for the treatment of colorectal and other types of human cancer	684513

DISEASE	TITLE OF PUBLICATION	LINK TO PUBMED
No entries in this field

REF.	AUTHORS	TITLE	JOURNAL	VOL.	PAGES	YEAR	ORGANISM	LINK TO PUBMED	SOURCE
684513	Dimas, K.; Hatziantoniou, S.; Tseleni, S.; Khan, H.; Georgopoulos, A.; Alevizopoulos, K.; Wyche, J.H.; Pantazis, P.; Demetzos, C.	Sclareol induces apoptosis in human HCT116 colon cancer cells in vitro and suppression of HCT116 tumor growth in immunodeficient mice	Apoptosis	12	685-694	2007	Homo sapiens, Mus musculus	PubMed
689411	Banthorpe, D.V.; Brown, J.T.; Morris, G.S.	Partial purification of farnesyl pyrophosphate:drimenol cyclase and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate:sclareol cyclase, using cell culture as a source of material	Phytochemistry	31	3391-3395	1992	Nicotiana glutinosa	-
689667	Guo, Z.; Wagner, G.J.	Biosynthesis of labdenediol and sclareol in cell-free extracts from trichomes of Nicotiana glutinosa	Planta	197	627-632	1995	Nicotiana glutinosa	-

LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 3.1.7.4)

NCBI: PubMed, Protein, Nucleotide, Structure, Genome, OMIM

IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature

PROSITE Database of protein families and domains

Protein Mutant Database

InterPro (database of protein families, domains and functional sites)