Information on EC 1.2.1.68 -

Information on EC 1.2.1.68 - coniferyl-aldehyde dehydrogenase:

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EC NUMBER	COMMENTARY
1.2.1.68	-

RECOMMENDED NAME	GeneOntology No.
coniferyl-aldehyde dehydrogenase	GO:0050269

REACTION	REACTION DIAGRAM	COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
coniferyl aldehyde + H2O + NAD(P)+ = ferulate + NAD(P)H + 2 H+		-	-	-	-

REACTION TYPE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
oxidation	-	-	-	-
redox reaction	-	-	-	-
reduction	-	-	-	-

PATHWAY	KEGG Link	MetaCyc Link
ferulate and sinapate biosynthesis	-	PWY-5168

SYSTEMATIC NAME	IUBMB Comments
coniferyl aldehyde:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase	Also oxidizes other aromatic aldehydes, but not aliphatic aldehydes.

SYNONYMS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
CALDH	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	288325
coniferyl aldehyde dehydrogenase	Pseudomonas sp.	Q86447	-	654264

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER	COMMENTARY
208540-41-4	-

ORGANISM	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	SEQUENCE CODE	SEQUENCE DB	SOURCE
Pseudomonas sp.	strain HR199	288325	-	-
Pseudomonas sp.	strain HR199	654264	Q86447	SwissProt
Pseudomonas sp.	strain HR199	654275	O86447	Uniprot
Pseudomonas sp. HR199	strain HR199	288325	-	-
Pseudomonas sp. HR199	strain HR199	654264	O86447	SwissProt
Pseudomonas sp. HR199	strain HR199	654275	O86447	-

GENERAL INFORMATION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

SUBSTRATE	PRODUCT	REACTION DIAGRAM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY/ Substrate	LITERATURE/ Substrate	COMMENTARY/ Product	LITERATURE/ Product	Reversibility r=reversible ir=irreversible ?=not specified
coniferyl aldehyde + H2O + NAD+	ferulate + NADH		Pseudomonas sp.	Q86447	-	654264	-	-	?
coniferyl aldehyde + H2O + NAD+	ferulate + NADH		Pseudomonas sp.	-	involved in the eugenol catabolism	288325	-	288325	?
coniferyl aldehyde + H2O + NAD+	ferulate + NADH		Pseudomonas sp.	Q86447	involved in eugenol catabolism	654264	-	-	?
coniferyl aldehyde + H2O + NADP+	ferulate + NADPH		Pseudomonas sp.	-	4.3% of the rate compared to NAD+ as electron acceptor	288325	-	288325	?

NATURAL SUBSTRATES	NATURAL PRODUCTS	REACTION DIAGRAM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY SUBSTRATE	LITERATURE (Substrate)	COMMENTARY PRODUCT	LITERATURE (Product)
coniferyl aldehyde + H2O + NAD+	ferulate + NADH		Pseudomonas sp.	-	involved in the eugenol catabolism	288325	-	288325
coniferyl aldehyde + H2O + NAD+	ferulate + NADH		Pseudomonas sp.	Q86447	involved in eugenol catabolism	654264	-	-

COFACTOR	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
NAD+	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	288325	2D-image

METALS and IONS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

INHIBITORS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

ACTIVATING COMPOUND	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

KM VALUE [mM]	KM VALUE [mM] Maximum	SUBSTRATE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
0.007	0.012	coniferyl aldehyde	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	288325	2D-image
0.334	-	NAD+	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	288325	2D-image

TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]	TURNOVER NUMBER MAXIMUM[1/s]	SUBSTRATE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs^-1]	kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs^-1] Maximum	SUBSTRATE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

Ki VALUE [mM]	Ki VALUE [mM] Maximum	INHIBITOR	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

IC50 VALUE [mM]	IC50 VALUE [mM] Maximum	INHIBITOR	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	IMAGE
No entries in this field

SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]	SPECIFIC ACTIVITY MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
36.54	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	288325

pH OPTIMUM	pH MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
8.8	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	288325

pH RANGE	pH RANGE MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM	TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
26	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	-	288325

TEMPERATURE RANGE	TEMPERATURE MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

pI VALUE	pI VALUE MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

SOURCE TISSUE	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE	SOURCE
cell culture	Pseudomonas sp.	-	induction of enzyme synthesis by growth in eugenol-containing media	288325

LOCALIZATION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	GeneOntology No.	LITERATURE	SOURCE
No entries in this field

PDB	SCOP	CATH	ORGANISM
No entries in this field

MOLECULAR WEIGHT	MOLECULAR WEIGHT MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
86000	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	gel filtration	288325

SUBUNITS	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
dimer	Pseudomonas sp.	-	alpha2, 2 * 49500, SDS-PAGE	288325

POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

Crystallization/COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

pH STABILITY	pH STABILITY MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
8.8	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	very unstable	288325

TEMPERATURE STABILITY	TEMPERATURE STABILITY MAXIMUM	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
26	-	Pseudomonas sp.	-	rapid decrease of activity at higher temperatures	288325

GENERAL STABILITY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

ORGANIC SOLVENT	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

OXIDATION STABILITY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

STORAGE STABILITY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

Purification/COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
to homogeneity, chromatography techniques	Pseudomonas sp.	-	288325

Cloned/COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

EXPRESSION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

ENGINEERING	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
additional information	Pseudomonas sp.	O86447	expression of the vaoA gene from Penicillium simplicissimum CBS 170.90, encoding vanillyl alcohol oxidase, which also catalyzes the conversion of eugenol to coniferyl alcohol, is expressed in Escherichia coli XL-1 Blue under the control of the lac promoter, together with the genes calA and calB, encoding coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and coniferyl aldehyde dehydrogenase of Pseudomonas sp. strain HR199, respectively	654275

Renatured/COMMENTARY	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	LITERATURE
No entries in this field

APPLICATION	ORGANISM	UNIPROT ACCESSION NO.	COMMENTARY	LITERATURE
biotechnology	Pseudomonas sp.	Q86447	biotransformation of eugenol to ferulic acid by a recombinant strain of Ralstonia eutropha H16. The gene calB, encoding coniferyl aldehyde dehydrogenase, and ehyAB and calA encoding eugenol hydroxylase and coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase, respectively, are amplified and combined to construct a catabolic gene cassette. This gene cassette is cloned in the broad-host-range vector pBBR1-JO2 and transferred to Ralstonia eutropha H16. A recombinant strain of Ralstonia eutropha H16 harboring this plasmid expresses functionally active eugenol hydroxylase, coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase, and coniferyl aldehyde dehydrogenase. Cells of Ralstonia eutropha H16 from the late-exponential growth phase are used asa biocatalysts for the biotransformation of eugenol to ferulic acid. A maximum conversion rate of 2.9 mM of eugenol per h per liter of culture is achieved with a yield of 93.8 mol% of ferulic acid from eugenol within 20 h, without further optimization	654264
biotechnology	Pseudomonas sp.	O86447	highly efficient two-step biotransformation of eugenol to ferulic acid and further conversion to vanillin in recombinant strains of Escherichia coli. Maximum production rate for ferulic acid at large scale is 14.4 mM per h per liter of culture, yield of 93.3% with respect to the added amount of eugenol	654275
nutrition	Pseudomonas sp.	-	production of vanillin	288325

REF.	AUTHORS	TITLE	JOURNAL	VOL.	PAGES	YEAR	ORGANISM	LINK TO PUBMED	SOURCE
288325	Achterholt, S.; Priefert, H.; Steinbuchel, A.	Purification and characterization of the coniferyl aldehyde dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas sp. strain HR199 and molecular characterization of the gene	J. Bacteriol.	180	4387-4391	1998	Pseudomonas sp.	PubMed
654264	Overhage, J.; Steinbuchel, A.; Priefert, H.	Biotransformation of eugenol to ferulic acid by a recombinant strain of Ralstonia eutropha H16	Appl. Environ. Microbiol.	68	4315-4321	2002	Pseudomonas sp.	PubMed
654275	Overhage, J.; Steinbuchel, A.; Priefert, H.	Highly efficient biotransformation of eugenol to ferulic acid and further conversion to vanillin in recombinant strains of Escherichia coli	Appl. Environ. Microbiol.	69	6569-6576	2003	Pseudomonas sp.	PubMed

LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 1.2.1.68)

NCBI: PubMed, Protein, Nucleotide, Structure, Genome, OMIM

IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature

PROSITE Database of protein families and domains

Protein Mutant Database

InterPro (database of protein families, domains and functional sites)