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Literature summary for 6.4.1.1 extracted from

  • Xu, J.; Han, J.; Long, Y.S.; Epstein, P.N.; Liu, Y.Q.
    The role of pyruvate carboxylase in insulin secretion and proliferation in rat pancreatic beta cells (2008), Diabetologia, 51, 2022-2030.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
stable overexpression in enzyme-deficient INS-1 insulinoma cell line Rattus norvegicus

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information stable overexpression of the enzyme in INS-1 cells leads to significantly upregulated insulin secretion and cell proliferation, while enzyme downregulation by siRNA expression reduces insulin secretion and cell proliferation, phenotypes, overview Rattus norvegicus

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
phenylacetic acid
-
Rattus norvegicus

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
mitochondrion
-
Rattus norvegicus 5739
-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+
-
Rattus norvegicus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
ATP + pyruvate + HCO3- Rattus norvegicus the enzyme is involved in mitochondrial metabolism ADP + phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Rattus norvegicus
-
male sprague-dawley rats
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
pancreatic beta cell enzyme activity is preserved in the islets of obese animals, but it is reduced in the islets of animal models of type 2 diabetes Rattus norvegicus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
ATP + pyruvate + HCO3-
-
Rattus norvegicus ADP + phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
?
ATP + pyruvate + HCO3- the enzyme is involved in mitochondrial metabolism Rattus norvegicus ADP + phosphate + oxaloacetate
-
?

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
ATP
-
Rattus norvegicus