Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
potassium arsenate | activates the gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
genes GSI, GSIII-1, and GSIII-2, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzymes in Escherichia coli strain BL21 CodonPlus (DE3) RIL | Prevotella ruminicola |
KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.06 | - |
ATP | isozyme GSIII-1, pH 6.0, 37°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
0.07 | - |
ATP | isozyme GSIII-2, pH 6.0, 37°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
0.43 | - |
NH3 | isozyme GSIII-2, pH 7.5, 37°C, glutamine synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
0.45 | - |
ATP | isozyme GSI, pH 6.0, 37°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
0.48 | - |
NH3 | isozyme GSIII-1, pH 7.5, 37°C, glutamine synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
0.62 | - |
L-glutamine | isozyme GSIII-2, pH 6.0, 37°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
1.04 | - |
hydroxylamine | isozyme GSIII-1, pH 6.0, 37°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
1.3 | - |
L-glutamine | isozyme GSIII-1, pH 6.0, 37°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
1.7 | 2 | L-glutamate | isozyme GSIII-2, pH 7.5, 37°C, glutamine synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
1.91 | - |
ATP | isozyme GSIII-1, pH 7.5, 37°C, glutamine synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
1.92 | - |
hydroxylamine | isozyme GSIII-2, pH 6.0, 37°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
1.93 | - |
L-glutamine | isozyme GSI, pH 6.0, 37°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
2.65 | - |
ATP | isozyme GSIII-2, pH 7.5, 37°C, glutamine synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
2.7 | - |
hydroxylamine | isozyme GSI, pH 6.0, 37°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola | |
8.58 | - |
L-glutamate | isozyme GSIII-1, pH 7.5, 37°C, glutamine synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
cytoplasm | - |
Prevotella ruminicola | 5737 | - |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Mn2+ | required, optimal concentrations of Mn2+ ions for GSI, GSIII-1, and GSIII-2 activities are 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mM, respectively | Prevotella ruminicola | |
additional information | Mg2+, Cu2+, Co2+, or Ca2+ cannot substitute for Mn2+ | Prevotella ruminicola |
Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
56000 | - |
x * 56000, recombinant isozyme GSI | Prevotella ruminicola |
83000 | - |
12 * 83000, recombinant isozyme GSIII-1, SDS-PAGE | Prevotella ruminicola |
83000 | - |
2 * 83000, recombinant isozyme GSIII-1, SDS-PAGE | Prevotella ruminicola |
83000 | - |
3 * 83000, recombinant isozyme GSIII-2, SDS-PAGE | Prevotella ruminicola |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 | Prevotella ruminicola | - |
ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine | - |
? | |
ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 | Prevotella ruminicola 23 | - |
ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Prevotella ruminicola | - |
genes GSI, GSIII-1, and GSIII-2 | - |
Prevotella ruminicola 23 | - |
genes GSI, GSIII-1, and GSIII-2 | - |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
recombinant HIs-tagged isozymes GSI, GSIII-1, and GSIII-2 from Escherichia coli strain BL21 CodonPlus (DE3) RIL by nickel affinity chromatograaphy | Prevotella ruminicola |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 | - |
Prevotella ruminicola | ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine | - |
? | |
ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 | GSIII-1, and GSIII-2, no activity of GSI | Prevotella ruminicola | ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine | - |
? | |
ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 | - |
Prevotella ruminicola 23 | ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine | - |
? | |
ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 | GSIII-1, and GSIII-2, no activity of GSI | Prevotella ruminicola 23 | ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine | - |
? | |
hydroxylamine + L-glutamine + ATP | gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity, GSI, GSIII-1, and GSIII-2 | Prevotella ruminicola | L-gamma-glutamyl-hydroxamate + ammonia + ADP | - |
r | |
hydroxylamine + L-glutamine + ATP | gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity, GSI, GSIII-1, and GSIII-2 | Prevotella ruminicola 23 | L-gamma-glutamyl-hydroxamate + ammonia + ADP | - |
r | |
additional information | the isozymes show glutamine gamma-transferase activity, overview. Activities of the isozymes catalyzing ATP hydrolysis, overview. GSI has an about 100fold lower ATPase activity compared to ATPase activities of GSIII-1 and -2 | Prevotella ruminicola | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the isozymes show glutamine gamma-transferase activity, overview. Activities of the isozymes catalyzing ATP hydrolysis, overview. GSI has an about 100fold lower ATPase activity compared to ATPase activities of GSIII-1 and -2 | Prevotella ruminicola 23 | ? | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
? | x * 56000, recombinant isozyme GSI | Prevotella ruminicola |
dimer | 2 * 83000, recombinant isozyme GSIII-1, SDS-PAGE | Prevotella ruminicola |
dodecamer | 12 * 83000, recombinant isozyme GSIII-1, SDS-PAGE | Prevotella ruminicola |
trimer | 3 * 83000, recombinant isozyme GSIII-2, SDS-PAGE | Prevotella ruminicola |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
gamma-glutamyl transferase | - |
Prevotella ruminicola |
gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase | - |
Prevotella ruminicola |
Glutamine synthetase | - |
Prevotella ruminicola |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
35 | - |
isozyme GSI, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
37 | - |
isozymes GSIII-1 and GSIII-2, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
50 | 60 | GSIII-1 and GSIII-2 glutamine synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
30 | 50 | the enzyme activity is drastically decreased above 50°C, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
5.6 | - |
isozyme GSI, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
6 | - |
isozymes GSIII-1 and GSIII-2, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
6.8 | 7 | GSIII-1 and GSIII-2 glutamine synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
5.2 | 5.6 | little activity of GSI below pH 5.2 and above pH 5.6, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
5.6 | 7.2 | activity range, GSIII-1 and GSIII-2, gamma-glutamylhydroxamate synthetase activity | Prevotella ruminicola |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
ADP | - |
Prevotella ruminicola | |
ATP | - |
Prevotella ruminicola |
Organism | Comment | Expression |
---|---|---|
Prevotella ruminicola | isozyme GSIII-2 is significantly induced by high concentrations of ammonia with increases in measured glutamine synthetase activity | up |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
physiological function | glutamine synthetase plays a particularly important role in nitrogen metabolism and is the principal source of N for protein and nucleic acid synthesis | Prevotella ruminicola |