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Literature summary for 6.3.1.2 extracted from

  • He, Y.; Hakvoort, T.B.; Koehler, S.E.; Vermeulen, J.L.; de Waart, D.R.; de Theije, C.; ten Have, G.A.; van Eijk, H.M.; Kunne, C.; Labruyere, W.T.; Houten, S.M.; Sokolovic, M.; Ruijter, J.M.; Deutz, N.E.; Lamers, W.H.
    Glutamine synthetase in muscle is required for glutamine production during fasting and extrahepatic ammonia detoxification (2010), J. Biol. Chem., 285, 9516-9524.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Mus musculus
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Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
muscle
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Mus musculus
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General Information

General Information Comment Organism
physiological function mice in which glutamine synthetase is selectively but completely eliminated from striated muscle are healthy and fertile. A 3-fold higher escape of ammonia reveals the absence of glutamine synthetase in muscle. After 20 h of fasting, glutamine synthetase-KO mice are not able to mount the 4fold increase in glutamine production across the hindquarter that is observed in control mice. Instead, muscle ammonia production is 5fold higher than in control mice. The fasting-induced metabolic changes are transient and return to fed levels at 36 h of fasting. Glucose consumption and lactate and ketone-body production are similar in glutamine synthetase-KO and control mice. Challenging glutamine synthetase-KO and control mice with intravenous ammonia in stepwise increments reveals that normal muscles can detoxify 2.5 mol ammonia/g muscle h in a muscle glutamine synthetase-dependent manner, with simultaneous accumulation of urea, whereas glutamine synthetase-KO mice respond with accumulation of glutamine and other amino acids, but not urea Mus musculus