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Literature summary for 4.4.1.4 extracted from
- Studies of a novel cysteine sulfoxide lyase from Petiveria alliacea: the first heteromeric alliinase (2009), Plant Physiol., 151, 1304-1316.
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| hydroxylamine | complete loss of enzyme activity | Petiveria alliacea |  |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
additional information | Km and Vmax vary as a function of substrate structure, with the most preferred substrates being the naturally occurring Petiveria alliacea compounds S-benzyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide and S-2-hydroxyethyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 0.23 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(phenethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 0.25 | - |
propiin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 0.33 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(ethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 0.39 | - |
petiveriin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 0.5 | - |
2-hydroxyethiin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 0.72 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(4-methylbenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 1.96 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(phenylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 2.11 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 4.22 | - |
alliin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 9.29 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(2-methylbenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 13.9 | - |
methiin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 28.6 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(1-phenylethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| vacuole | compartmentalized in plant cell vacuoles, while its substrates, S-alk(en)yl-L-Cys sulfoxides, are located in the cytoplasm | Petiveria alliacea | 5773 | - |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 145100 | - |
gel-filtration chromatography | Petiveria alliacea |
| 218700 | - |
SDS-PAGE, this is approximately 75000 Da higher than the molecular mass estimates of the alliinase molecule as measured by gel-filtration chromatography | Petiveria alliacea |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-hydroxyethiin | Petiveria alliacea | - |
(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| petiveriin | Petiveria alliacea | - |
benzylsulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form petivericin. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Petiveria alliacea | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| precipitation with ammonium sulfate, ion-exchange, hydroxyapatite, and gel-filtration chromatographies in sequence | Petiveria alliacea |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| root | - |
Petiveria alliacea | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6.42 | - |
- |
Petiveria alliacea |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (2R)-2-amino-3-(1-phenylethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | - |
Petiveria alliacea | (1-phenylethyl)sulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| (2R)-2-amino-3-(2-methylbenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | - |
Petiveria alliacea | (2-methylbenzyl)sulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| (2R)-2-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | - |
Petiveria alliacea | (4-chlorobenzyl)sulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| (2R)-2-amino-3-(4-methylbenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | - |
Petiveria alliacea | (4-methylbenzyl)sulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| (2R)-2-amino-3-(ethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | - |
Petiveria alliacea | (2R)-2-amino-3-(ethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| (2R)-2-amino-3-(phenethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | - |
Petiveria alliacea | phenethylsulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| (2R)-2-amino-3-(phenylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | - |
Petiveria alliacea | phenylsulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| 2-hydroxyethiin | - |
Petiveria alliacea | (2-hydroxyethyl)sulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| alliin | i.e. (2R)-3-(allylsulfinyl)-2-aminopropanoic acid | Petiveria alliacea | 2-propene-thioic acid + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| isoalliin | - |
Petiveria alliacea | ? + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| methiin + H2O | - |
Petiveria alliacea | methanesulfenic acid + pyruvate + NH3 | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| petiveriin | - |
Petiveria alliacea | benzylsulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form petivericin. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
| propiin | - |
Petiveria alliacea | propylsulfanol + pyruvate + NH4+ | The sulfenic acid condenses with loss of water to form thiosulfinates. The alpha-aminoacrylic acid formed initially subsequently breaks down into pyruvate and ammonia | ? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| pentamer | SDS-PAGE, two alpha-subunits (68.1 kDa each), one beta-subunit (56.0 kDa), one gamma-subunit (24.8 kDa), and one delta-subunit (13.9 kDa). The two alpha-subunits are connected by a disulfide bridge, and both alpha- and beta-subunits are glycosylated | Petiveria alliacea |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| alliinase | - |
Petiveria alliacea |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 52 | - |
with the most preferred substrate petiveriin, Petiveria alliacea alliinase shows 80% higher activity at 37°C and 100% higher activity at 52°C than at ambient temperature (25°C). Even at 67°C, alliinase activity is still 19% higher than that observed at room temperature, indicating that the alliinase retains significant functionality over a broad range of temperature and possesses a high overall intrinsic thermal stability | Petiveria alliacea |
Temperature Range [°C]
| Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
- |
84 | - |
Petiveria alliacea |
Temperature Stability [°C]
| Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 52 | alliinase activity increases with increasing temperature over a range of 4.0°C to 52°C. At 67°C, enzyme activity falls precipitously, and at 84°C, alliinase activity is completely lost, 10 min, pH 8.0 | Petiveria alliacea |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.75 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(phenethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 1.96 | - |
propiin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 2.48 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(ethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 2.67 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(4-methylbenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 4.2 | - |
2-hydroxyethiin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 4.47 | - |
petiveriin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 6.48 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(phenylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 8.18 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(1-phenylethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 10.65 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 14.33 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(2-methylbenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 15.1 | - |
methiin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 20.67 | - |
alliin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | - |
- |
Petiveria alliacea |
pH Range
| pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 11 | - |
Petiveria alliacea |
pH Stability
| pH Stability | pH Stability Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 10 | detectable activity | Petiveria alliacea |
pI Value
| Organism | Comment | pI Value Maximum | pI Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Petiveria alliacea | chromatofocusing | - |
4.78 |
kcat/KM [mM/s]
| kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] | kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.09 | - |
methiin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 2.49 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(1-phenylethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 13.4 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(2-methylbenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 28.9 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(phenylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 32.3 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(4-methylbenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 42.8 | - |
alliin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 44 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(4-chlorobenzylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 65.7 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(ethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 66.5 | - |
(2R)-2-amino-3-(phenethylsulfinyl)propanoic acid | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 68.8 | - |
propiin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 73.4 | - |
2-hydroxyethiin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
| 100 | - |
petiveriin | pH 8.0, 22°C | Petiveria alliacea | |
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