Literature summary for 2.7.12.1 extracted from

Kajikawa, M.; Sawaragi, Y.; Shinkawa, H.; Yamano, T.; Ando, A.; Kato, M.; Hirono, M.; Sato, N.; Fukuzawa, H.
Algal dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase, triacylglycerol accumulation regulator1, regulates accumulation of triacylglycerol in nitrogen or sulfur deficiency (2015), Plant Physiol., 168, 752-764.

Search for more literature for 2.7.12.1

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene TAR1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, genetic organization	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
K523R	site.directed mutagenesis, substitution of the putative phosphate anchor Lys, mutant pTAR1KD is catalytically inactive	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
additional information	AdipoRed fluorescence-activated cell sorting-based screening of low triacylglycerol-accumulating mutants in nutrient (nitrogen and sulfur)-deficient conditions, identification of the TAR1-defective mutant tar1-1 with a DNA tag insertion in the TAR1 locus. the phenotypes of tar1-1 related to triacylglycerol are caused by disruption of the TAR1 gene. The wild-type TAR1 gene restores the low-TAG accumulation phenotype	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions	Comment	Organism	Structure
Mg2+	required	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + a protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	-	ADP + a phosphoprotein	-	?
ATP + a protein	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii C-9	-	ADP + a phosphoprotein	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	A0A0G4DBZ7	-	-
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii C-9	A0A0G4DBZ7	-	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + a protein	-	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	ADP + a phosphoprotein	-	?
ATP + a protein	-	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii C-9	ADP + a phosphoprotein	-	?
additional information	the kinase domain of TAR1 shows auto- and transphosphorylation activities	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii	?	-	?
additional information	the kinase domain of TAR1 shows auto- and transphosphorylation activities	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii C-9	?	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase	-	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
GCRFno11_b05	locus name	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
TAR1	-	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
triacylglycerol accumulation regulator1	-	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
ATP	-	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
evolution	the enzyme is a member of kinase1 (Yak1) subfamily in the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase family. The kinase domain of TAR1 also has conserved functional features of the DYRK family, such as an ATP anchor, a phosphate anchor, a catalytic loop, a cation-binding site, and an activation loop	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
malfunction	the TAR1-defective mutant, tar1-1, accumulates TAG to levels 0.5 and 0.1fold of those of a wild-type strain in sulfur- and nitrogen-deficient conditions, respectively. In N-deficient conditions, tar1-1 shows more pronounced arrest of cell division than the wild-type, has increased cell size and cell dry weight, and maintains chlorophyll and photosynthetic activity, which are not observed in S-deficient conditions. In N-deficient conditions, global changes in expression levels of nitrogen deficiency-responsive genes in nitrogen assimilation and tetrapyrrole metabolism are noted between tar1-1 and wild-type cells. Mutant tar1-1 cells retain their photosynthetic activity in N-deficient conditions. The wild-type TAR1 gene restores the low-TAG accumulation phenotype. Phenotype, overview	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
physiological function	TAR1 is a regulator of TAG accumulation in S- and N-deficient conditions, and it functions in cell growth and repression of photosynthesis in conditions of nitrogen deficiency. The kinase domain of TAR1 also has conserved functional features of the DYRK family, such as an ATP anchor, a phosphate anchor, a catalytic loop, a cation-binding site, and an activation loop. TAR1 enhances the degradation of chlorophyll and photosynthesis-related proteins, which leads to a decrease of photosynthetic activity in wild-type cells in N-deficient conditions. TAR1 also might enhance acetate assimilation and rate of cell division and prevent increase of cell biomass	Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)