Application | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
nutrition | - |
Bacillus licheniformis |
nutrition | - |
Niallia circulans |
nutrition | important enzyme in food industry | Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
nutrition | important enzyme in food industry | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
nutrition | important enzyme in food industry | Paenibacillus macerans |
pharmacology | important enzyme in pharmaceutical industry | Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
pharmacology | important enzyme in pharmaceutical industry | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
pharmacology | important enzyme in pharmaceutical industry | Paenibacillus macerans |
synthesis | - |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
synthesis | - |
Bacillus licheniformis |
synthesis | - |
Niallia circulans |
synthesis | - |
Paenibacillus macerans |
synthesis | strain 1011, Y195L and Y195V CGTases acquired better characteristics for industrial use | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
- |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
- |
Bacillus licheniformis |
- |
Niallia circulans |
- |
Paenibacillus macerans |
nucleotide sequence determined | Klebsiella pneumoniae |
nucleotide sequence determined | Bacillus ohbensis |
sp. 17-1, nucleotide sequence determined | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
sp. B1018, nucleotide sequence determined | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
Crystallization (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
crystals soaked with maltose | Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
strain 1011 | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
F183L | strain 1011, decreases affinity of acarbose | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
F255I | cyclodextrins undetectable | Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
F259L | strain 1011, decreases affinity of acarbose | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
F283L | strain 1011, decreases affinity of acarbose | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
Y195F | strain 1011 | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
Y195L | strain 1011, CGTase, in which Tyr-195 is replaced by a leucine residue, main initial product changed to gamma-cyclodextrin, absolute production being much larger than that of the wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
Y195L | strain 1011 | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
acarbose | pseudotetrasaccharide, competitive inhibitor of the cyclization reaction | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | |
acarbose | - |
Niallia circulans |
KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0556 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.0574 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.0618 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.0635 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.0724 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.08 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.0815 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.1 | - |
gamma-cyclodextrin | coupling activity, mutant Y195F and F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.11 | - |
beta-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.12 | - |
gamma-cyclodextrin | coupling activity, mutant wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.12 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.15 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, mutant F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.16 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.17 | - |
maltose | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, disproportionation, F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.2 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, wild-type and mutant Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.21 | - |
gamma-cyclodextrin | coupling activity, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.22 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.23 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.24 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant F183L/F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.263 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant F183L/F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.31 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.34 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, mutant Y195L and F183L/F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.35 | - |
gamma-cyclodextrin | coupling activity, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.38 | - |
maltose | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, disproportionation, Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.44 | - |
beta-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.48 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.49 | - |
maltose | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.51 | - |
gamma-cyclodextrin | coupling activity, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.55 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.56 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.57 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.59 | - |
maltose | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, disproportionation, Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.94 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
1.15 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
1.25 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
1.3 | - |
maltose | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, disproportionation, F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
1.42 | - |
maltose | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, disproportionation, F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
2.56 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
7.3 | - |
glucose | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, disproportionation, F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
9.8 | - |
glucose | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, disproportionation, Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
11.3 | - |
glucose | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, disproportionation, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
11.7 | - |
methyl-alpha-D-glucoside | coupling activity, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
12 | - |
methyl-alpha-D-glucoside | coupling activity, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
12 | - |
glucose | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, disproportionation, F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
15.9 | - |
glucose | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, disproportionation, Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
16.9 | - |
methyl-alpha-D-glucoside | coupling activity, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
17.4 | - |
methyl-alpha-D-glucoside | coupling activity, mutant Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
18.2 | - |
maltose | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, disproportionation, F183L/F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
39.9 | - |
methyl-alpha-D-glucoside | coupling activity, mutant F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
44 | - |
methyl-alpha-D-glucoside | coupling activity, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
57.8 | - |
glucose | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, disproportionation, F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
160 | - |
glucose | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, disproportionation, F183L/F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Bacillus licheniformis | - |
- |
- |
Bacillus ohbensis | - |
- |
- |
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | - |
17-1 | - |
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | - |
1011 | - |
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | - |
B1018 | - |
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 1011 | - |
1011 | - |
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 17-1 | - |
17-1 | - |
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) B1018 | - |
B1018 | - |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus | - |
- |
- |
Klebsiella pneumoniae | - |
- |
- |
Niallia circulans | - |
B. sp. var. alkalophilus No. 38-2, ATCC 21783 | - |
Paenibacillus macerans | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
strain 1011, wild-type and mutants | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside + D-glucose | strain 1011, disproportionation | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | 3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltotetraoside + maltose | - |
? | |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside + D-glucose | strain 1011, disproportionation | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 1011 | 3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltotetraoside + maltose | - |
? | |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside + D-glucose | strain 1011, disproportionation | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 17-1 | 3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltotetraoside + maltose | - |
? | |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside + D-glucose | strain 1011, disproportionation | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) B1018 | 3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltotetraoside + maltose | - |
? | |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside + maltose | strain 1011, disproportionation | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | 3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltotetraoside + maltotriose | - |
? | |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside + maltose | strain 1011, disproportionation | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 1011 | 3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltotetraoside + maltotriose | - |
? | |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside + maltose | strain 1011, disproportionation | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 17-1 | 3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltotetraoside + maltotriose | - |
? | |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside + maltose | strain 1011, disproportionation | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) B1018 | 3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltotetraoside + maltotriose | - |
? | |
alpha-1,4-glucan + glycosyl acceptor | - |
Paenibacillus macerans | cyclodextrins | - |
r | |
alpha-1,4-glucan + glycosyl acceptor | strain 1011 | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | cyclodextrins | - |
r | |
alpha-1,4-glucan + glycosyl acceptor | strain 1011 | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 1011 | cyclodextrins | - |
r | |
alpha-1,4-glucan + glycosyl acceptor | strain 1011 | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 17-1 | cyclodextrins | - |
r | |
alpha-1,4-glucan + glycosyl acceptor | strain 1011 | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) B1018 | cyclodextrins | - |
r | |
cyclodextrins + acceptor | strain 1011, cyclodextrin ring opening | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | linear maltooligosaccharide | - |
r | |
cyclodextrins + acceptor | strain 1011, cyclodextrin ring opening | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 1011 | linear maltooligosaccharide | - |
r | |
cyclodextrins + acceptor | strain 1011, cyclodextrin ring opening | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 17-1 | linear maltooligosaccharide | - |
r | |
cyclodextrins + acceptor | strain 1011, cyclodextrin ring opening | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) B1018 | linear maltooligosaccharide | - |
r | |
linear maltooligosaccharide + acceptor | strain 1011, disproportionation reaction | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | ? | - |
r | |
linear maltooligosaccharide + acceptor | strain 1011, disproportionation reaction | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 1011 | ? | - |
r | |
linear maltooligosaccharide + acceptor | strain 1011, disproportionation reaction | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) 17-1 | ? | - |
r | |
linear maltooligosaccharide + acceptor | strain 1011, disproportionation reaction | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) B1018 | ? | - |
r | |
methyl-alpha-D-glucoside + glycosyl acceptor | - |
Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | cyclodextrins | - |
? |
Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.00183 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.00267 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant F183L/F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.00383 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.0095 | - |
beta-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.012 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.014 | - |
beta-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.0183 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.0255 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, mutant Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.035 | - |
starch | coupling activity, mutant F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.0442 | - |
alpha-cyclodextrin | hydrolyzing activity, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.122 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.122 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | mutant strain F283L, acceptor glucose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.137 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.137 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.148 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.178 | - |
starch | coupling activity, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.2 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant F283L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.315 | - |
starch | coupling activity, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.345 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | mutant strain F259L, acceptor glucose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.423 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.482 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, mutant Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.487 | - |
starch | coupling activity, mutant Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.508 | - |
starch | strain 1011, beta-cyclodextrin-forming activity, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
0.818 | - |
starch | coupling activity, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
1.13 | - |
starch | coupling activity, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
1.97 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | mutant strain Y195L, acceptor glucose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
2.2 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant Y195L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
2.32 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | mutant strain Y195F, acceptor glucose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
2.63 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant F183L/F259L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
3.2 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant Y195F | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
3.38 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
3.8 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | mutant strain F183L/F259L, acceptor glucose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
4.07 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor glucose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
5.55 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | strain 1011, acceptor maltose, mutant F183L | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) | |
15.5 | - |
3-ketobutylidene-beta-2-chloro-4-nitrophenylmaltopentaoside | mutant strain F183L, acceptor glucose, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
5.5 | - |
- |
Geobacillus stearothermophilus |
5.5 | - |
- |
Niallia circulans |
5.5 | - |
- |
Paenibacillus macerans |
5.5 | - |
- |
Bacillus ohbensis |
5.5 | - |
strain 1011, wild-type | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
6 | 9 | strain 1011, wild-type and mutant enzymes retain 80% activity | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |
pH Stability | pH Stability Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
5.5 | 11 | strain 1011, wild-type and mutant enzyme, stable at 37°C for 30 min | Bacillus sp. (in: Bacteria) |