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Literature summary for 1.1.1.21 extracted from

  • Srivastava, S.; Tammali, R.; Chandra, D.; Greer, D.A.; Ramana, K.V.; Bhatnagar, A.; Srivastava, S.K.
    Regulation of lens aldose reductase activity by nitric oxide (2005), Exp. Eye Res., 81, 664-672.
    View publication on PubMed

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
nitric oxide from NO donors S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine or S-nitrosoglutathione in vivo and in vitro, leads to increased S-glutathiolation of the enzyme Homo sapiens
nitric oxide from NO donors S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine or S-nitrosoglutathione in vivo and in vitro, leads to increased S-glutathiolation of the enzyme Rattus norvegicus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
aldose + NADPH + H+ Homo sapiens first and rate-limiting step in the polyol pathway, in which reduction of glucose to sorbitol is coupled with NADPH oxidation, the enzyme activity is negatively regulated by nitric oxide in the eye lens alditol + NADP+
-
?
aldose + NADPH + H+ Rattus norvegicus first and rate-limiting step in the polyol pathway, in which reduction of glucose to sorbitol is coupled with NADPH oxidation, the enzyme activity is negatively regulated by nitric oxide in the eye lens, the activity in diabetic rat lens is increased due to reduced NO concentration, overview alditol + NADP+
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens
-
-
-
Rattus norvegicus
-
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
epithelial cell from lens Homo sapiens
-
HLE-B3 cell lens epithelial cell line Homo sapiens
-
lens cultured epithelial cells Homo sapiens
-
lens cultured, healthy and diabetic lens Rattus norvegicus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.2
-
healthy lens Rattus norvegicus
13.6
-
lens epithelial cell extract Homo sapiens
19.2
-
diabetic lens Rattus norvegicus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
aldose + NADPH + H+
-
Homo sapiens alditol + NADP+
-
?
aldose + NADPH + H+
-
Rattus norvegicus alditol + NADP+
-
?
aldose + NADPH + H+ first and rate-limiting step in the polyol pathway, in which reduction of glucose to sorbitol is coupled with NADPH oxidation, the enzyme activity is negatively regulated by nitric oxide in the eye lens Homo sapiens alditol + NADP+
-
?
aldose + NADPH + H+ first and rate-limiting step in the polyol pathway, in which reduction of glucose to sorbitol is coupled with NADPH oxidation, the enzyme activity is negatively regulated by nitric oxide in the eye lens, the activity in diabetic rat lens is increased due to reduced NO concentration, overview Rattus norvegicus alditol + NADP+
-
?
glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
Homo sapiens glycerol + NADP+
-
?
glyceraldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
Rattus norvegicus glycerol + NADP+
-
?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
aldose reductase
-
Homo sapiens
aldose reductase
-
Rattus norvegicus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
assay at Homo sapiens
37
-
assay at Rattus norvegicus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.4
-
assay at Homo sapiens
7.4
-
assay at Rattus norvegicus

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NADPH
-
Homo sapiens
NADPH
-
Rattus norvegicus