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Literature summary for 1.1.1.21 extracted from

  • Kaneko, M.; Bucciarelli, L.; Hwang, Y.C.; Lee, L.; Yan, S.F.; Schmidt, A.M.; Ramasamy, R.
    Aldose reductase and AGE-RAGE pathways: key players in myocardial ischemic injury (2005), Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 1043, 702-709.
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 1.1.1.21

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
overexpression of the enzyme in mice Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information genetic polymorphisms associated with the human aldose reductase gene have been found to be associated with diabetic complications Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
D-glucose + NADPH + H+ Homo sapiens the aldose reductase polyol pathway pathway and advanced glycation end products, AGEs, are involved in myocardial ischemic injury in diabetis, mechanism, AGE interacts with its receptor, RAGE, resulting in cardiac dysfunction, overview, genetic polymorphisms associated with the human aldose reductase gene have been found to be associated with diabetic complications, mechanisms implicated in polyol pathway–linked functional abnormalities include myoinositol depletion and associated impaired phosphatidylinositol metabolism, osmotic imbalance due to accumulation of sorbitol, and decreased availability of NADPH sorbitol + NADP+
-
 ?
D-glucose + NADPH + H+ Mus musculus the aldose reductase polyol pathway pathway and advanced glycation end products, AGEs, are involved in myocardial ischemic injury in diabetis, mechanisms implicated in polyol pathway–linked functional abnormalities include myoinositol depletion and associated impaired phosphatidylinositol metabolism, osmotic imbalance due to accumulation of sorbitol, and decreased availability of NADPH sorbitol + NADP+
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 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens
-
-
-
Mus musculus
-
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
heart
-
 Homo sapiens
-
heart very low enzyme expression and activity in mice Mus musculus
-
myocardium
-
 Homo sapiens
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
D-glucose + NADPH + H+
-
 Mus musculus sorbitol + NADP+
-
 ?
D-glucose + NADPH + H+
-
 Homo sapiens sorbitol + NADP+
-
 ?
D-glucose + NADPH + H+ the aldose reductase polyol pathway pathway and advanced glycation end products, AGEs, are involved in myocardial ischemic injury in diabetis, mechanism, AGE interacts with its receptor, RAGE, resulting in cardiac dysfunction, overview, genetic polymorphisms associated with the human aldose reductase gene have been found to be associated with diabetic complications, mechanisms implicated in polyol pathway–linked functional abnormalities include myoinositol depletion and associated impaired phosphatidylinositol metabolism, osmotic imbalance due to accumulation of sorbitol, and decreased availability of NADPH Homo sapiens sorbitol + NADP+
-
 ?
D-glucose + NADPH + H+ the aldose reductase polyol pathway pathway and advanced glycation end products, AGEs, are involved in myocardial ischemic injury in diabetis, mechanisms implicated in polyol pathway–linked functional abnormalities include myoinositol depletion and associated impaired phosphatidylinositol metabolism, osmotic imbalance due to accumulation of sorbitol, and decreased availability of NADPH Mus musculus sorbitol + NADP+
-
 ?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
monomer
-
 Mus musculus
monomer
-
 Homo sapiens

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
aldose reductase
-
 Mus musculus
aldose reductase
-
 Homo sapiens
AR
-
 Mus musculus
AR
-
 Homo sapiens

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
NADPH dependent on Mus musculus
NADPH dependent on Homo sapiens